品牌社会权力对购买意愿的影响——基于“评价—情感—应对”理论的实证

品牌社会权力作为一种新的品牌构念,构成了能够影响消费者行为的新的社会能力。为丰富品牌社会权力的理论研究,为企业利用品牌社会权力促进消费者购买提供理论支持,可借鉴品牌社会权力相关研究,结合"评价—情感—应对"理论,构建品牌社会权力通过品牌态度影响购买意愿的理论模型,对品牌社会权力影响消费者购买意愿的内化机制进行研究。研究发现,品牌社会权力积极影响消费者购买意愿,且品牌社会权力的五种形式都会对消费者购买意愿产生积极影响;品牌社会权力积极影响消费者品牌态度;品牌态度对品牌社会权力与消费者购买意愿之间关系具有中介作用;品牌熟悉度对品牌社会权力与品牌态度之间关系具有调节作用。具体到营销实践上,一定要在品牌塑造过程中重视消费者品牌态度的形成;要根据品牌社会权力进行市场细分,进而形成竞争优势;要在品牌延伸过程中保持品牌价值的一致性。     

道德关联品牌负面曝光事件溢出效应实证研究——事件类型与认知需求的交互作用

文章研究界定了产品性能型、公司道德型和道德引致产品性能型三类品牌负面曝光事件,引入消费者认知需求,运用自然实验法研究道德关联的两类品牌负面曝光事件对品类和竞争品牌溢出效应的差异性。研究结果显示对低认知需求者,道德引致产品性能型负面曝光事件对品类态度和竞争品牌购买意愿的负面溢出效应强于公司道德型事件;对高认知需求者,两类事件溢出效应没有显著差异;道德引致产品性能型负面曝光事件对低认知需求者品类和竞争品牌评价的影响大于高认知需求者,而公司道德型负面事件溢出对不同认知需求水平消费者的影响无显著差异。     

购买经历对中国消费者品牌特性感知和品牌偏好的影响:基于ELM视角

本文以ELM理论和学习理论为基础,通过问卷调查法,检验了购买经历对于中国消费者品牌特性感知和品牌偏好的影响作用,从新的视角解释了购买经历对消费者态度转变的形成机制。研究发现:在中国现有环境下,对于低卷入度产品,消费者倾向于采用边缘路径形成对品牌特性的感知和品牌偏好,因此有过购买经历的消费者与那些没有购买经历的消费者相比,会对本土品牌形成较高的特性评价和品牌偏好;对于高卷入度产品,消费者对本土品牌倾向于采用边缘路径形成对品牌特性的感知和品牌偏好,对境外品牌则既可能采用中枢也可能采用边缘路径,具体要视品牌的类型而定,有无购买经历会对不同类型的品牌产生不同的影响。     

事件营销作用机制与企业形象中介调解效应研究

本文通过对事件营销活动的作用机制进行实证研究,梳理了消费者对事件营销活动的态度与知觉的企业形象、企业属性评价、购买意愿之闻的关系.研究发现事件营销活动的作用机制是一个渐次的过程,消费者知觉的企业形象在事件态度和购买意愿之间不但具有显著的中介作用,还具备一定的调节效应.     

网上购物风险对消费者行为的影响——感知风险不同对购买偏好的影响机制比较

文章创新性地将感知风险作为变量因子研究不同消费者的购买偏好差异并在价格、品牌两个维度上得到验证,研究结果表明:网上购物时,消费者感知风险不同会影响其对价格、品牌的购买偏好;对于高风险感知者,对价格较高、品牌知名度较高的商品会产生更大的购买意愿;对于低风险感知者,对价格不同、品牌知名度不同的商品的购买意愿则不存在显著差异.文章建立在感知风险理论和消费者减少风险理论基础上,以感知风险结合价格、品牌知名度研究消费者行为偏好差异,从而更好地把握网上购物风险对消费者行为的影响.     

祈使语气广告语对购买意愿的影响机制研究

本文在祈使语气广告语对消费者购买意愿的影响研究基础上,引入品牌熟悉性和产品类型两个调节变量。2×2×2组间实验表明:(1)品牌熟悉性和产品类型都发挥调节作用;(2)对高品牌熟悉度产品来说,祈使语气广告语对购买意愿的影响大于非祈使语气广告语的影响,享乐型和功能型产品都是如此;对低品牌熟悉度产品来说,功能型产品使用非祈使语气广告语对购买意愿的影响大于祈使语气广告语的影响,享乐型产品情况刚好相反。     

“排”不掉的“他”：企业赞助溢出效应研究

通过排他条款保护赞助权益是赞助商最为关注的问题,但是排他条款难以实现赞助商独占赞助权益却是无法回避的现实问题。文章在赞助研究领域引入溢出效应理论,研究企业赞助对竞争品牌溢出效应的形成机制。结果表明,品牌进行赞助时,可能产生溢出效应,改变消费者对竞争品牌的评价;同时,与事件质量较低时相比,事件质量较高时,赞助事件质量对竞争品牌的溢出效应更大;另外,与赞助企业代表性较高时相比,赞助企业代表性较低时,赞助事件质量对竞争品牌产生的溢出效应影响更大。文章从溢出效应的角度拓展了企业赞助理论,回答了排他条款难以“排他”的理论机理,对企业开展赞助营销实践具有理论借鉴。     

负面网络口碑特征对消费者品牌态度变化的影响——信息易获得性与诊断力理论视角

本文从易获得性与诊断力理论视角探索了产品涉入度和品牌熟悉度不同时,负面网络口碑对消费者品牌态度变化影响的差异。研究结果表明,面对与高涉入产品或预先态度好的熟悉品牌相关高诊断力负面网络口碑时,消费者能理性判断信息;相反地,面对低涉入产品或预先态度差的不熟悉品牌相关高诊断力负面网络口碑时,消费者易受信息影响。     

基于慈善捐赠的事业-品牌联盟对消费者响应的影响

文章以企业的慈善捐赠行为为例,探讨了对事业-品牌联盟有重要影响的三个因素.数据分析结果表明,企业捐赠的产品同非营利组织是否契合与事业-品牌联盟受消费者影响大小对消费者品牌态度、质量感知及购买意愿均存在显著影响;企业知名度对品牌态度与质量感知存在显著影响.另外,研究还发现企业知名度与捐赠产品契合度对消费者质量感知存在显著影响,企业知名度作用强于捐赠契合度,当企业知名度低时,捐赠是否契合的作用才会突显出来.     

笔记本电脑品牌体验对消费者购买意愿的影响

消费者购买意愿的加强是消费者产生购买行为的重要影响因素,因此探究影响购买意愿的因素成为营销领域的重中之重。通过本文的分析,在体验营销模式下,笔记本电脑品牌体验不仅直接影响消费者购买意愿,还通过品牌态度的中介作用影响购买意愿,这为将来品牌营销提供良好的借鉴。     

The simultaneous sponsorship of rival teams: Beyond ingroup favoritism and outgroup animosity

The current research broadens the scope of sponsorship research to empirically examine ambivalence as a consumer response to the increasingly popular strategy of brands engaging in the simultaneous sponsorship of rival teams (i.e., a joint sponsorship). Specifically, our research considers the effects of ambivalence and team identification on sponsorship responses across three different types of brand-team partnerships: a joint sponsorship of two rival teams, a favored team sponsorship, and a rival team sponsorship. Our results indicate that a joint sponsorship elicits ambivalence which directly and indirectly has a negative impact on attitudes and intentions toward the sponsoring brand. Joint sponsorships were also found to diminish the well-established link between team identification and attitudes and intentions. Our research also identified argument strength as a brand messaging strategy for mitigating some of the negative effects of simultaneously sponsoring rival properties.     

Buying a sponsor's brand: the role of affective commitment to the sponsored team

Sponsorship is increasingly important in a firm's communication mix. Research to date has focused on the impact of sponsorship on brand awareness and its subsequent consequences for image congruency and consumer attitudes towards sponsors' brands. A lesser studied area is the effect of sponsorship on consumers' purchase intentions and behaviours. We argue that existing models of sponsorship driven purchase behaviour fail to account for affective commitment, which mediates relationship between affiliation with the team and social identification with the team. We propose a modified framework describing the effect of sponsorship on purchase intentions in the context of low and high performing sports teams. The framework is tested using structural equations modelling; employing PLS estimation and data collected via online survey of AFL chat room participants. Results confirm the role of affective commitment in sport sponsorship purchase intentions and indicate that team success has a significant influence on fans' purchase behaviours.     

Leveraging sponsorship with corporate social responsibility

Sponsors increasingly engage in corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities surrounding sponsored events (e.g., the soccer World Cup and Olympic Games). This study examines how linking CSR to sponsorship affects consumer attitudes towards sponsoring brands. Schema theory suggests that consumer CSR perception and brand credibility act as serial mediators. They transfer the positive effects of a CSR-linked sponsorship strategy. These effects only occur for brands with a moderately low congruity to the sponsored event (but not for brands with a moderately high congruity to the sponsored event). Two experiments measuring (Study 1) and manipulating (Study 2) sponsor–event congruity confirm the proposed mediation mechanism for brands with a moderately low sponsor–event congruity. CSR-linked sponsorship (vs. sponsorship without CSR linkage) does not influence attitudes towards brands with a moderately high congruity to the sponsored event. The study develops theoretical and practical implications for sponsorship and CSR strategies.     

Effects of the number of advertised brands in a choice set: A metacognitive process

When product shelves feature more advertised brands, such that the choice set likely contains some familiar options, this subjective experience of familiarity could influence consumers' evaluations of chosen products and shopping experiences, through a metacognitive process. The findings of this study suggest that (a) a product shelf displaying some advertised brands, as opposed to no advertised brands, generates greater subjective familiarity, more favorable attitudes toward the purchased items, more shopping satisfaction, and greater intentions to revisit the store; and similarly, (b) a product shelf displaying more, as opposed to fewer, advertised brands generates greater subjective familiarity, more favorable attitudes toward the purchased items, more shopping satisfaction, and greater intentions to revisit the store. These outcomes result from a three‐step metacognitive process, whereby the subjective familiarity triggered by the presence of advertised brands influences judgments, through the effect of shopping pleasure. These results are robust for high‐ and low‐involvement products, as well as in contexts in which the prices of the advertised brands are higher than, lower than, or the same as those of the nonadvertised brands.     

The Power of Promoting Healthy Brands: Familiarity in Healthy Product Decision Making

This research investigates consumer decision making and brand commitment for brands promoted as “healthy.” The authors examine the relationship of brand familiarity to brand credibility, brand quality, purchase intentions, and brand commitment. The findings indicate that familiarity can help increase purchase intentions and brand commitment for healthy brands with low credibility. However, to go beyond a transactional exchange to one that is relational in nature, familiarity, credibility, and quality are all crucial for fostering brand commitment.     

Antecedents and outcomes of digital influencer endorsement: An exploratory study

The advertising and marketing literature have established that celebrity endorsements constitute an effective way to enhance attitudes toward brands and increase purchase intents. However, there are no relevant studies on digital influencers. This study addresses the research gap by examining the effect of digital influencers' attractiveness and the effect of the congruence between a digital influencer and a brand on consumer attitudes and purchase intentions. By applying structural equation modeling to a sample of 307 followers of digital influencers, a model was tested and group analysis was performed for two categories (“entertainment & video games” and “fashion & beauty”). The results show that both brand attitudes and purchase intentions are influenced by the digital influencer's attractiveness (which includes both likeability and familiarity) and by the congruence between the digital influencer and the brand. This study makes several contributions to both theory and practice, which are highlighted in this paper.     

Does Service Employee Arrogance Discourage Sales of Luxury Brands in Emerging Economies?

Upscalex stores selling luxury brands from Western, developed countries are having a strong presence in many emerging markets. However, it is not uncommon to find that the service employees of these stores are arrogant and inhospitable. This article uses a dual attitudes perspective to show how service employee arrogance affects customers’ attitudes and purchase intentions toward luxury brands in emerging markets. Experimental findings show that arrogance produces dual attitudes, with positive implicit attitudes exerting a stronger influence than unfavorable explicit attitudes on purchase intentions. In addition, for customers with high self‐esteem, service employee arrogance has a negative effect on their purchase intentions. In line with the expectation disconfirmation model, when service employees change their arrogant attitudes and subsequently show hospitality, customers also change their expectations. When the improved service exceeds customers’ expectations, their explicit attitudes turn positive and exert a stronger influence on purchase intentions than when service employees are consistently hospitable.     

The effectiveness of image congruence and the moderating effects of sponsor motive and cheering event fit in sponsorship

Using the case study data of the South Korea 2002 and 2006 World Cup sponsorship campaigns, this study examined (1) whether more favourable sponsorship response occurs as image congruence between a sponsor and the World Cup increases, and whether (2)consumer attributions of a sponsor’s motives in sponsoring the World Cup and (3) a sponsor’s perceived fit in aiding World Cup cheering events, namely cheering event fit, moderate image congruence’s effects on sponsorship response. Consistent with prior research, results suggest that high vs low image congruence sponsorships generate more favourable responses to the sponsorship, as measured by attitudes and intentions at three different levels of the hierarchy of effects. Results also show that high cheering event fit leads to more favourable sponsorship response. Furthermore, a negative interaction between image congruence and cheering event fit indicates that, albeit still significant and positive, the effect of image congruence on sponsorship response becomes significantly weaker at higher levels of cheering event fit than at lower levels of cheering event fit. A moderating role of a sponsor’s sponsoring motive has not been supported. Overall, the finding sunder score the significance of image congruence as well as the utility of cheering event fit as a particular type of ‘created fit’ that can be used to reduce the perception of low fit and its associated risks.     

A note on the role of cause type in cause-related marketing

This note examines an unexplored area of cause-related marketing: the influence of the cause category on consumer perceptions. The experiment shows that the four cause categories which represent the domain of charitable causes can have a differential effect on attitudes and purchase intention. The health cause category and human services cause category have a greater effect on attitude toward the cause than the animal or environmental cause categories when brand familiarity and cause importance were high. Only the human services category has a greater effect on attitude toward the alliance when brand familiarity and cause importance were high as well as when both were low. For attitude toward the brand and purchase intentions, there were no differences among the cause categories.