团队协作中成员间知识共享激励研究

针对团队协作中成员之间知识共享存在的激励和绩效考核等问题,运用委托代理理论构建了一个知识共享的激励模型,并由此设计出相应的产出分配方案,这对解决团队成员知识共享活动的绩效考核和薪酬方案设计提供了依据。     

Research on knowledge sharing and interpersonal relationships: empirical study of family firms and non-family firms

This article discusses the difference between Chinese family and non-family firms based on incentive reward systems, knowledge-sharing networks, and differential patterns. An empirical study was conducted by combining a linear multivariate statistical analysis with a nonlinear fuzzy neural network model. The results show that although the supervisors of family firms have a lower preference for incentive reward systems for knowledge sharing, they demonstrate a higher preference for centralized knowledge-sharing networks and differential patterns.     

Organisational ambidexterity and supply chain agility: the mediating role of external knowledge sharing and moderating role of competitive intelligence

The dynamic growth of a supply chain in an incessantly changing environment emanates from the dynamics of an organisation as well as its supply chain members. The primary aim of this research is to investigate the relationships between supply chain agility and its dynamic precursors including organisational ambidexterity and external knowledge sharing. The research further examines the moderating role of competitive intelligence for the relationship between organisational ambidexterity and supply chain agility. A sample of 381 respondents from chemical manufacturing companies in Vietnam produced the data for analysis. The research results shed light on the chain effect from organisational ambidexterity through external knowledge sharing to supply chain agility. The moderating role that CI plays in the relationship between organisational ambidexterity and supply chain agility was also verified. The findings from the research broaden supply chain literature through establishing the positive effect of organisational ambidexterity on supply chain agility with CI as a moderator for this effect.     

企业内知识共享障碍的浅析

本文针对企业内知识共享中存在的主观障碍问题进行了分析。借助的是完全信息下的静态博弈模型研究组织员工之间的知识共享,并在得出的博弈模型的基础上提出了相应的激励机制。     

Pay knowledge,pay satisfaction and employee commitment: evidence from Finnish profit‐sharing schemes

Knowledge of the pay system has been identified as one of the key elements affecting the success of the reward system. In this paper, the aim is to study how communication, performance feedback and membership length are related to profit‐sharing knowledge, and how profit‐sharing knowledge is related to profit‐sharing satisfaction and organisational commitment. The data is collected from Finnish personnel funds, which are deferred profit‐sharing schemes. Survey data from over 753 employees in 30 companies in different sectors were used. In studying the antecedents of profit‐sharing knowledge, we found strong evidence that better profit‐sharing communication and higher membership length increase profit‐sharing knowledge. Furthermore, we find strong evidence that the relationship from profit‐sharing knowledge to commitment is mediated by profit‐sharing satisfaction. We discuss the implications for management.     

Interactions Between Organizational Culture,Trustworthiness, and Mechanisms for Inter‐Project Knowledge Sharing

This research used a multiple‐case study approach to empirically investigate the complex relationship between factors influencing inter‐project knowledge sharing—trustworthiness, organizational culture, and knowledge‐sharing mechanisms. Adopting a competing values framework, we found evidence of patterns existing between the type of culture, on the project management unit level, and project managers’ perceptions of valuing trustworthy behaviors and the way they share knowledge, on the individual level. We also found evidence for mutually reinforcing the effect of trust and clan culture, which shape tacit knowledge‐sharing behaviors.     

企业内默会知识共享激励机制构成要素研究

企业内默会知识的共享能够为知识运用、知识创新和企业竞争优势的形成奠定重要基础。但是,默会知识并不能自然地实现共享,只有在员工、制度和企业层面形成一定的知识共享驱动力,才能推动知识在企业内的扩散、转移和共享。这种驱动力的形成需要在企业内建立良好的激励机制,激励机制构成要素的完善程度直接影响员工间默会知识共享的驱动力和实际效果。默会知识共享的激励机制可以从企业文化、薪酬机制、知识管理、信息技术、创新等主要要素方面予以构建。     

Gainsharing and knowledge sharing: the effects of labour–management co-operation

We compare patterns of employee knowledge sharing in the form of suggestions for reducing costs and improving productivity submitted as part of a gainsharing reward system in two organizations. Combining insights from recent studies that use employee risk sharing and organizational learning frameworks to understand how gainsharing programmes work, we propose that employees' willingness to share high-risk (second-order-learning) knowledge with management is affected by the degree of labour–management co-operation and trust. Specifically, we hypothesize that union support and involvement in gainsharing affects employee knowledge sharing by increasing employees' initial acceptance of the compensation risk associated with gainsharing and by facilitating employee willingness to take on additional compensation and employment risk over time. We test these hypotheses using time series data on employee suggestions and gainsharing performance at two locations with similarly structured gainsharing plans but different levels of labour–management co-operation. The results generally support our hypotheses. We conclude by considering the implications of these results for gainsharing design and implementation as well as the broader implications of the effect of HR practices on employee knowledge sharing and knowledge management in organizations.     

HRM and knowledge-transfer: a micro analysis in a Middle Eastern emerging market

This is a study surrounding the interplay between Human Resource Management (HRM) and knowledge transfer within an emerging institutional petro-state. It seeks to link HRM and knowledge transfer through individual-level mechanisms in response to the recent calls for more research on micro-foundations. Our findings provide empirical evidence for HRM-related factors influencing knowledge exchange in a sample of 815 employees in the national context of the UAE. We found that individual-level perceptions and extrinsic motivation have a positive impact on knowledge exchange; however, we found evidence to suggest only an indirect effect of individual perceptions of organisational commitment to knowledge exchange, via individual intrinsic motivation and social interaction. Unlike some existing accounts from the Western world, individual perceptions of organisational commitment to knowledge sharing had no direct positive impact on knowledge exchange – an issue that may be ascribed to the distinct institutional setting of the UAE. This paper adds to the existing literature on HRM and knowledge exchange by bringing to bear new evidence from a Middle Eastern emerging market setting – an area thus far relatively neglected in the literature.     

企业知识型员工激励措施探讨

本文介绍了知识型员工的概念和特点,对我国企业知识型员工激励的现状做了分析,指出其存在的问题并进行了原因分析,提出了相应的激励对策:塑造良好的企业文化,创造学习型组织;构建合理的薪酬激励模式;建立合适的绩效考核制度;突出工作激励和个体需求差异激励。     

Strategic and Cultural Misalignment: Knowledge Sharing Barriers in Project Networks

This article draws on theories from knowledge and project management to develop an understanding of how knowledge sharing is encouraged and hindered in the context of a multifirm network assembled to execute an innovative shipbuilding project. The empirical data are based on a qualitative case study, collected from in‐depth face‐to‐face interviews in China and Norway, with the key people from a ship owner, shipbuilder, and ship technology supplier. The research indicates three interesting findings: First, differences in organizational culture (not national culture) hamper knowledge sharing. Second, a strategic misalignment made knowledge sharing difficult. Third, protecting knowledge by patenting and secrecy barely influenced the knowledge sharing processes. Based on previous research and lessons learned from case study experience, we suggest a framework to analyze challenges and links in project networks.     

组织内知识共享前因研究述评

影响知识共享的因素可以归纳为技术因素、知识因素、个人因素、组织因素和文化因素等五类。呈现的研究趋势为:(1)研究重点转向与人有关的因素;(2)文化因素受到越来越多的关注;(3)研究越来越有理论深度。今后的研究方向主要有:(1)影响我国员工知识共享的中国文化因素及作用机理;(2)现有研究成果的整合。     

公共组织跨部门知识共享如何驱动?——基于随州市“数字城管”项目

知识共享作为对传统科层文化的挑战,通过共享个体与组织之间的知识来实现总体知识资源的提升。但目前关于公共组织知识共享的研究匮乏。“数字城管”是公共组织跨部门知识共享的典型代表。论文基于随州市“数字城管”项目,围绕项目建设过程中跨部门知识共享的现状与问题进行了深入访谈,使用NVivo 12进行访谈文本编码,建立了公共组织跨部门知识共享的三个维度的影响因素模型,为下一步进行跨部门知识共享影响因素的实证研究和优化跨部门知识共享的实践管理提供了理论参考。     

Human resource practices and individual knowledge-sharing behavior – an empirical study for Taiwanese R&D professionals

Knowledge sharing is of central importance for the research and development (R&D) process. Because the process is extremely complicated and an employee possesses expertise only in a specific area, knowledge will not be available to others until the owner makes the objects of the knowledge available. It is, therefore, valuable to investigate how R&D professionals share knowledge with one another. This study explores the relationship between human resource (HR) practices and individual knowledge sharing in Taiwan's high-tech industries. The cross-sectional dataset comes from a sample of 368 R&D professionals from nine different high-tech companies. The findings indicate that the factor representing the perceived self-efficacy of knowledge sharing plays a very important role in the integrated knowledge-sharing model we developed. R&D professionals who believe that sharing will influence their performance will be more willing to share knowledge, and thus an effective sharing of knowledge will be more likely to take place. The results also show that HR practices, incentive compensation plans, performance appraisal systems, and face-to-face communication foster knowledge sharing among R&D professionals through the mediation of perceived self-efficacy and the willingness of knowledge sharing.     

The Effects of Incentive Mechanism on Knowledge Management Performance in China: The Moderating Role of Knowledge Attributes

Knowledge management of a new product development project team is critical for a firm's competitive advantage, and incentive mechanism is one of the most effective knowledge management drives. In this paper, we examined the effects of non‐financial incentive and team‐based financial incentive on knowledge management performance in China and identified the moderating effects of knowledge attributes (codifiability and teachability). Our findings indicate that non‐financial incentive and team‐based financial incentive have positive effects on knowledge management performance. Codifiability and teachability enhance the team‐based financial incentive–knowledge management performance relationship. Finally, implications for research and practice are discussed.     

论现代企业知识型员工的激励机制建构研究

在竞争日趋激烈的知识经济时代条件下,知识型员工已经成为企业最有价值的资源,是现代企业核心竞争力形成和发展的关键。因此,如何采取有效方法激励知识型员工已经是现代企业发展成败的关键。文章借鉴中外学者对激励因素的实证研究成果,结合目前现代企业知识员工激励存在的问题,从经济利益、职业发展、环境优化、组织文化和绩效考评五个方面提出了构建知识型员工激励机制的方案,以期实现企业发展与员工个人成长的双赢。     

On the Effectiveness of Incentive Pay: Exploring Complementarities and Substitution between Management Control System Elements in a Manufacturing Firm

Abstract

Extant research already emphasises that complementarities and substitution involving incentive pay and other elements of an organisation's management control system play an important role in terms of explaining the effectiveness of incentive systems. Despite this awareness calls continue for more research addressing the need to better understand how interdependencies arise among management control system elements and how they affect organisational effectiveness. Based on an in-depth case study on the implementation of a new incentive system in a manufacturing firm, we seek to provide more research and insight into how incentive pay features in complementary and substitutional relationships in an individual organisational setting. Greater insight can help illustrate how complementary and substitutional relationships unfold in even more complex ways than current research indicates, as well as how the effectiveness of the incentive system in the individual organisational setting is determined by these relationships.     

Knowledge-sharing rewards in enterprise social networks: effects of learner types and impact of digitisation

ABSTRACT

The era of total digitisation demands companies to seek innovative approaches in managing digital assets. This paper presents and studies an analytical model of an enterprise social network (ESN) employed by organisations in facilitating knowledge sharing and learning. Exploring the design of reward systems that motivate workers to share knowledge, we focus on how the dominant type of learners (avid or impressionable), the network structure of the ESN, and digitisation affect the reward systems. This research provides valuable insights for practitioners to implement appropriate reward systems to promote knowledge sharing and learning in ESNs.     

Managing knowledge through human resource practices: empirical examination on the Spanish automotive industry

This paper considers the relationship between human resource management (HRM) and knowledge management (KM). Specifically, it examines how the human resource (HR) practices that are expected to impact on employees’ abilities, motivation, and opportunity to engage in KM, do so by enabling knowledge sharing, knowledge maintaining, and knowledge creation within organizations. HRM expected to impact employees’ abilities include training and development practices. HRM expected to impact on employees’ motivation include rewards and appraisal practices. HRM expected to impact on employees’ opportunities including providing the support of trusting collaborative relationships. Therefore, HR practices impacting employees’ abilities, motivation, and opportunities are expected to be positively related to knowledge sharing and maintaining within organizations. HR practices impacting employees’ abilities, motivation, and opportunity are expected to be positively related to knowledge creation through their effect on knowledge sharing within organizations. Our research methodology uses a questionnaire survey approach to collect data from firms belonging to the Spanish automotive industry. Results from a final sample of 64 Spanish automotive firms show that HR practices aimed at motivating and giving employees the opportunity to behave as expected significantly affect knowledge sharing and maintaining. Further, knowledge sharing and maintaining is shown to mediate the relationship between HR practices and knowledge creation. The paper ends with a conclusion, limitations and implications for future research.     

Formal and Informal Practices of Knowledge Sharing Between Project Teams and Enacted Cultural Characteristics

This article investigates the process of knowledge sharing between project teams and uses a case study approach. This is especially relevant, as organizations face both the needs for separating work into projects and integrating knowledge created in projects into the organization. The results provided by the analysis technique of GABEK^® indicate that, although projects create boundaries, employees and project team leaders use formal mechanisms and develop informal practices for knowledge sharing between project teams. Furthermore, the article identifies organizational cultural characteristics enacted in these practices that can stimulate the discussion in “knowledge culture research” regarding the relationship of organizational cultural characteristics and (specific) knowledge processes.