长江三角洲省际人口迁移格局及影响因素

第五次人口普查资料显示,1995-2000年间,长江三角洲地区省际迁入人口达679万,占全国省际迁移总数的21%,纷纷涌入的外来人口对当地工业化发展和城市化进程都产生了深远影响.基于此背景,引入流空间分析方法,运用GIS空间分析手段,分析了人口吸引中心和来源地分布以及迁移流流场特征,并从迁移距离、经济水平差异和空问可达性角度对人口迁移格局形成的影响机制进行了揭示.最后得出如下结论:①浙江省的人口吸引能力不断加强,迁入人口来源地主要位于中国南部,并呈现出"大尺度集聚、小尺度分散"的特征;②影响因素分析则表明人口迁移过程中的"推力"作用大于"拉力",空问可达性指标成为影响迁移决策的首要因素.     

居住迁移与住房子市场变化——以上海为例的实证研究

城市住房市场不是一个封闭的系统,包括迁入和迁出的居住迁移同时存在。基于对上海浦东两个案例住区的调研,运用多案例实证研究的方法从城市经济学视角分析居住迁移对住房子市场变化的影响。研究表明,城市之间居住迁移对住房子市场变化的影响不容忽视;居住迁移的空间模式是分散和随机的,并不呈现有规律的模式;研究时段上海住房市场改善居住条件和来沪工作的住房需求成为影响居住迁移的两大主要因素。     

购买力平价与汇率背离原因研究

本文通过建立面板门限模型拓展了基于“宾效应”的PPP方法,并实证研究了富裕程度、经济自由程度、贸易成本及经济增长速度等因素对PPP与汇率背离的影响。研究表明：（1）富裕程度与贸易成本是解释背离之谜的关键因素。（2）PPP与汇率背离程度随人均GDP的增长存在显著的门限效应。（3）将“宾效应”描述为倾斜的“微笑曲线”能更好地刻画价格水平指数（PLI）与人均GDP关系的阶段性特征。（4）人民币汇率在2005年及以后的低估程度平均约为18%。     

我国污染排放差异变化及其收入分区治理对策

本文采用泰尔指数和面板平滑迁移模型(PSTR),分析我国30个省份(2003～2012年)的区域污染排放差异变化,并基于测度结果和区域收入与污染阈值特征,提出我国区域污染治理对策。结果显示,我国区域污染排放差异主要表现为以中、东部为主的区域内差异,西部区域内差异也正迅速拉大。整体上污染排放强度随收入增长呈现出“拖尾式”倒“U”型发展趋势,人均GDP较低省份在越过122万元收入阈值后,收入提升对于污染减排的影响将由抑制转为促进;而人均GDP较高省份在越过427万元收入阈值后,收入增长的减排效应将明显减弱。格局分析表明,当前我国污染排放正呈现出一种“双期叠加”的“橄榄形”格局分布,为提高减排有效性,政府应依据不同区域的收入特征采取差异化的分区治理政策。     

户籍管制与流动人口家庭化迁移——基于2016年流动人口监测数据的经验分析

在理论分析户籍管制对流动人口家庭迁移完整性影响的基础上,本文利用213个城市面板数据与2016年流动人口监测数据进行实证检验。结果显示,户籍管制抑制了低技能、流动时间较短与新生代流动人口的家庭完整迁移,这种负向影响在跨省迁移中表现得更为突出;而搭载在户籍制度上的教育、医疗等社会福利则是其抑制流动人口家庭迁移完整性的主要影响因素。经过一系列稳健性检验后上述结论依然成立。基于实证发现,剥离依附于户籍制度上的“隐性”社会福利供给,有利于促进流动人口家庭迁移,增加城市劳动力的供给规模;而破除户籍制度约束的关键举措仍是深化财政体制改革,即建立“以人为主体”的转移支付制度与社会福利供给机制。     

资讯

31省去年GDP含金量排名发布据《中国经济周刊》及其旗下智囊机构中国经济研究院统计,31个省份在2015年地方两会上公布的2014年的GDP数据中,有24个省份GDP过万亿元。居民人均可支配收入与人均GDP比值,被权威专家认为更能用来衡量居民生活水平的变化情况。自2009年起,《中国经济周刊》及其旗下智囊机构中国经济研究院,已连续6年发布根据各省份人均居民可支配收入与人均GDP数据计算出的比值,并将这一比值视作GDP含金量(即单位     

“成长烦恼”鞭打浙商

市场经济先驱腹背受敌 在中国大陆,浙江陆域面积仅多于海南和宁夏,位列倒数第三,且"七山二水一分田".但就在这"弹丸之地"上,浙江近二十余年间创造了令世人惊叹的经济奇迹.1978年到2003年,浙江省生产总值年均增长率达13.1%,人均GDP从331元人民币增加到了2440美元,城镇居民人均纯收入2003年首次超过广东名列各省区之首,而农民人均纯收入已经连续18年保持全国省区第1位.2004年上半年全省实现GDP5110亿元,到年底突破万亿元大关,成为中国第四个GDP超万亿的省份.     

我国区域居民收入差距影响因素实证分析

鉴于居民收入差距的日益恶化趋势和国内学术界和政界的高度重视,本文以中国2000-2010年的省级面板数据为样本,在计算出中国分省居民收入差距的基础上,开展相关实证分析来深入探讨影响居民收入差距的因素。结果表明:财政收入占GDP比重的提高能够降低居民收入差距,城镇登记失业率、人均国内生产总值、出口总额占GDP比重、城镇家庭人均可支配收入与农村居民家庭人均可支配收入的比值、第二产业增加值占GDP比重、城镇人口占总人口的比重6个指标的提高则加剧了居民收入差距的进一步扩大。     

中国各省份要素相对价格多锥形均衡及影响因素分析

本文利用不变替代弹性(CES)生产函数,在考虑到地区间生产技术差异和要素质量差异条件下,建立了要素相对价格均等化理论的检验框架。并使用中国1995年和2004年各省份工业细分行业截面数据,对中国省份间要素相对价格是否相等进行了实证检验。检验结果表明,要素相对价格均等化理论在中国并不成立,各省份间要素相对价格存在多锥形均衡。进一步,利用1995~2006年各省份面板数据构建Panel Date模型,对要素相对价格变动的影响因素进行分析,理论和实证分析结果均显示,人均资本存量、产业结构、经济体制改革、教育水平和基础设施等因素对各省份要素相对价格均具有不同程度的显著影响。     

中国省际季度GDP强影响性特征的协同效应和共振效应

本文首次基于现代前沿的宏观经济统计诊断理论从空间和时间二维角度对我国30个省份季度GDP的强影响性特征的协同效应和共振效应进行了实证分析。主要结论为,我国省际季度GDP存在着明显的强影响性特征。整体上看,在四种空间权重矩阵下样本期内所得到的每个季度的诊断统计量数值都十分接近,且其变动趋势高度一致。我国省际季度GDP强影响性特征呈现明显的多峰型特征。各省份季度GDP强影响性特征存在着显著的空间关联机制和正向协同效应,各省份强影响性特征会显著受到共同因子的正向影响,它们之间存在着显著的共振效应,我国省际季度GDP强影响性特征主要出现在第4季度,而第1季度不显著,第2季度、第3季度弱于第4季度而强于第1季度。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.