城市规划管理中的传播理论研究

城市规划管理过程是各种城市信息传播的过程.从城市规划的角度,分析传播者,传播技巧,媒介,符号及受传者等内容,研究人居环境作为传播媒介的本质功能,阐明传播绩效与建立在公众城市认识论基础上公众参与规划的关系.注重传播理论与方法在规划编制、社会协调与公众参与中的运用,强化公众参与、协调各类公共关系,保障城市空间的公众利益,促进城市和谐健康发展.     

公众参与原则与我国城市规划立法的完善

公众参与城市规划是城市居民能够直接而积极地参与城市规划、成为规划制定和规划实施过程中一个重要的组成部分.它对于减少规划失误、促进规划的顺利实施及监督规划部门依法行政具有独特的法律价值.公众参与城市规划的原因在于解决规划失灵问题,是恢复个人利益与公共利益平衡的重要杠杆.借鉴各国公众参与制度,我国的公众参与机制应从城市规划信息公开、赋予社会公众参与城市规划的主体地位、确立公众参与城市规划的程序、明确公众参与城市规划的方式以及强化公众参与城市规划的司法保障等方面进行建构.     

城市规划的公共关系学原理

城市规划本质上是"公共关系"性的,它以"空间关系"为依托,研究各种"公共关系"布局或组织协调的方法与原则.一定的"空间关系"是城市规划主体对一定的"公共关系"的认识理解与组织协调的结果.城市规划公共关系学的研究目的在于增进公众了解,获得公众支持,协调各类公共关系,促进城市的全面发展.     

浅谈城市规划层面的城市社会学研究

本文旨在从规划师的视域初步探讨城市规划层面的城市社会学研究内容,包括社区发展规划、城市复兴与更新、社区物质环境整治、规划的公众参与、老龄化与社区养老研究以及城市公共空间研究等.同时以北京西单文化广场使用模式调查殚为案例,透视城市社会学在城市规划领域的应用.     

公众参与中的若干问题

公众参与就是在社会分层、公众需求多样化、利益集团介入的情况下采取的一种协调对策 ,它强调公众 (市民 )对城市规划编制、管理过程的参与、决策和管理。九十年代以来 ,公众参与被引入我国城市规划学界 ,城市规划“公众参与”的呼声也越来越高。随着“以人为本”、“福利经济”、“民主参与”等现代规划理念逐步融入我国城市规划体系 ,对公众参与的理解也基本上形成了一个共识 ,那就是公众参与是人本主义与民主化的体现。我国正处在逐步市场化、民主化的建设过程中 ,公众参与的发展也处在初级阶段 ,因此在实践与研究的过程中还有很多问题需…     

中加公众参与城市规划的比较及思考

加拿大公众参与城市规划已有30多年,联邦政府和地方政府认为在城市中引入公众参与,会让公众对城市规划和管理采取更加合作的态度,可以让政府更好地管理城市.本文着重论述加拿大公众参与的起源、理念、技术和方法的先进经验,对比我国公众参与所处的历史阶段,分析存在的主要问题及其原因,提出我国城市规划中完善公众参与需要从主体法、城市规划管理体制及规划编制程序几个方面,通过城市试点探索适合我国国情的公众参与模式.     

德国城市建设中的公众参与

公众参与作为德国法律和政治制度在城市建设领域的重要体现,贯穿于德国城市建设的每一个环节,其中最集中体现在城市规划和城镇更新中.通过对德国城市规划法律法规的研究,系统地介绍了德国城市规划公众参与的工作阶段和工作方法,以及在城镇更新中的公众参与措施和社会规划.     

美国城市发展与规划历程对我国的借鉴与启示

简要分析了美国城市发展历程与规划历程,指出美国不同阶段城市规划关注的城市重点,城市规划目标与理念对我国城市规划都有很好的借鉴意义.通过分析美国小城镇总体规划的编制程序,引入公众参与机制的形式及其对规划目标的影响,结合规划过程中对经济发展的分析的理念与方法,理解经济学和人口学在城市规划中的应用,反思我国小城镇总体规划编制的不足,提出我国小城镇规划需要改进的几个方向.     

浅析公众参与在城市规划中的重要作用

随着社会的进步与发展,人们的民主意识越来越强,越来越多的行政职能部门在进行政治、经济、文化决策的时候,都开始给予公众参与的一个权利.公众参与行政职能的一个举措,更是体现了一个城市,乃至于一个国家文明的一个程度.而且公众的这个参与,也是对我们行政职能部门进行决策、规划起到了一个体恤民情,基层最真实的声音的一个反馈.本文我就以城市规划为例,谈一下公众参与在城市规划中的重要作用.     

公众参与城市规划的态度分析与政府责任——以苏州市和扬州市为例

公众参与城市规划的广度和深度是和公众的参与态度紧密相连的。公众参与规划的态度或积极或消极。根据苏州、扬州两地城市调查结果分析,以及从政府与公民的互动关系角度看,要促使参与城市规划的公众由消极的参与者向积极的参与者转变,城市政府须在学术界已提出的信息公开、增加参与路径、培育公众自治组织等措施之外,还应承担起完善公众参与制度、回应公众利益诉求、善待积极参与者的职责。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Introduction of New Technology with a Sound Transition of the Input-Output Structure

We examine the general equilibrium repercussions associated with the introduction of new technologies, using the generalized Leontief system that allows technological substitutions. We show that an untested introduction of cost-increasing technologies in any industry may result in creating a non-productive technological structure that does not satisfy the Hawkins-Simon condition, following the autonomous dynamic adjustment process with structural transitions in the economic system. Therefore, we propose a practicable control scheme of introducing cost-increasing technologies that strictly avoids the creation of non-productive structures in all periods of structural transition, using the available information on the ex ante technological structure.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.