应收账款质押的权利竞存顺位适用困境与解决路径

应收账款质押制度,是消费性担保向投资性担保过渡下的产物.为求融资便利,需明确应收账款上竞存担保权利的顺位.民商合一的体例下,传统的民事担保以登记公示的顺序确定权利顺位,但延及商事融资领域则不合时宜.应收账款质押融资属于商主体交易的范畴,宜从商主体的风险担责能力视角,对优先权利顺位进行考量,视各主体是否履行权利公示义务,是否履行合理注意义务以及是否容忍他人权利存在,以之为标准,确认先履行登记公示义务、已尽合理注意义务的质权人优先于抵销权人和受让人.反之,若抵销发生在先,质权人因未尽合理注意义务而劣后于抵销权人.若让与发生在先,其未作登记情形之下仍以质权为先.     

对应收账款质押融资业务在中小城市拓展情况的实证研究

《中华人民共和国物权法》以法律形式规定了应收账款可以设立质权,扩大了企业可以担保的财产范围,应收账款质押融资成为缓解中小企业贷款难的一项新举措,中国人民银行也配套出台了《应收账款质押登记办法》,搭建了应收账款质押登记公示系统平台。但从中小城市发展情况来看,应收账款质押融资仍处于起步阶段。本文以沧州为样本,对两年来应收账款质押融资业务的信贷实践进行总结,分析了当前制约该项业务发展的主要原因,并提出推动业务发展的相关建议。     

论应收账款质权的设立要件

在应收账款质押中,除订立书面质押合同之外,通知第三债务人能实现控制权的转移,也是实现当事人利益均衡的需要,但通知第三债务人没有公示的效力,需要另外的公示方法;登记简单、权威,为公示的不二选择。因此通知第三债务人和登记均应为应收账款质权的设立要件。     

浅析动产融资物权登记制度的建立与完善

动产物权登记是动产物权变动的公示形式,也是物权立法的内容之一。我国于2007年颁布实施《物权法》,依据此法人民银行陆续运行上线了应收账款质押、融资租赁登记公示系统,但从现实讲应收账款、融资租赁只是动产中的一小部分内容,更多关于动产融资物权的登记制度还尚未建立,如存货融资、仓单质押融资、知识产权担保融资等,对进一步发展动产融资形成了掣肘。     

应收账款质押融资业务情况调查

随着《物权法》的正式实施,我国加快了引入动产担保制度的实践,应收账款质押登记公示系统的同步上线运行．标志着应收账款将成为信贷融资的重要担保资源。本文介绍福建省应收账款质押融资业务开展情况及成效,分析当前开展应收账款质押融资业务的制约因素,并提出扩大应收账款质押融资业务的对策建议。     

应收账款质押贷款风险与防范

2007年10月1日起实施的《物权法》规定允许应收账款设立权利质权,征信机构办理登记设立质权。应收账款质押是解决许多企业融资难的有效担保方式,对于扩大市场主体的融资业务具有重要意义,但我国应收账款质押方面的立法仍不够完善,并且银行开办应收账款质押授信业务的时间尚短,缺乏经验,使得银行面临着较大的法律风险。在实践中,就实现应收账款质权还存在较多的风险,对于风险防范也需要做进一步探讨。     

应收账款质押贷款风险与防范

2007年10月1日起实施的《物权法》规定允许应收账款设立权利质权,征信机构办理登记设立质权。应收账款质押是解决许多企业融资难的有效担保方式,对于扩大市场主体的融资业务具有重要意义,但我国应收账款质押方面的立法仍不够完善,并且银行开办应收账款质押授信业务的时间尚短,缺乏经验,使得银行面临着较大的法律风险。在实践中,就实现应收账款质权还存在较多的风险,对于风险防范也需要做进一步探讨。     

如何化解县域中小企业应收账款质押融资难

《物权法》的颁布实施,以及《应收账款质押登记办法》的出台和登记公示系统的建成运行,为应收账款担保融资和贷款机构业务创新提供了法律保障和运作平台。本文分析了县域中小企业应收账款及贷款需求特征以及县域企业应收账款质押融资难以开展的制约因素,进而提出了促进县域中小企业应收账款质押融资发展的建议。     

中小企业利用应收账款质押登记公示系统融资情况的调查与思考——以河南省洛阳市为例

《物权法》与《应收账款质押登记办法》的颁布和实施,为中小企业利用应收账款融资搭建了合法的登记公示平台.当前,在开展此类业务中存在着金融机构积极性不高、相关法律存在缺陷、业务宣传滞后、债务人向大型企业集中、应收账款质押登记公示系统设计不够完善、过程比较繁琐等问题,建议通过健全相关法律规定、制定操作指引、加强质权设立后的跟...     

中小企业应收账款融资创新模式研究

融资难是中小企业在发展过程中面临的最主要的问题之一。充分运用中小企业各种资源,寻找合适的融资方式成为各方积极探索的问题,应收账款融资就是非常现实的选择。曾经作为创新工具的应收账款保理融资、质押融资、证券化融资等业务在国际上已迅速发展,但在我国仍处于初级阶段。本文对适合我国中小企业应收账款融资的三种模式进行评价,以寻求解决中小企业流动资金短缺与大量债权无法变现之间矛盾的有效方法。最后介绍人民银行征信中心应收账款质押登记公示系统和应收账款融资平台建设情况。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…