外资并购我国上市公司中期绩效的实证分析

基于2001年至2004年外资并购我国上市公司的数据,设计中期绩效指标,实证分析外资并购我国上市公司对上市公司中期绩效的影响和外资并购行为对上市公司中期绩效的影响。结果表明外资并购对上市公司中期绩效没有影响;第一大股东持股比例对上市公司中期价值有显著的负作用;外资控股对公司中期价值有负的影响,对中期效益有显著负的影响;2003年后外资并购的上市公司,其中期价值不如2003年之前,其中期效益也显著不如2003年之前。     

外资并购与民营并购绩效的比较研究——基于1995-2009年经验数据

跨国并购作为国际直接投资的高级形态,已成为国际资本流动的主要形式。文章以外资和民营并购我国上市公司为研究样本,对两种并购方式下目标公司长期和短期市场绩效进行了比较检验。研究结果显示:外资并购短期绩效显著高于民营并购短期绩效,外资并购长期绩效显著低于民营并购长期绩效。该结果说明:短期内由于外资享有我国社会的普遍优惠政策,资本市场对外资并购反应比民营并购更加正面,但从长期来看,外资并购并不必然带来先进的科学技术、公司治理和管理水平,外资并购实际运作效果并不优于民营并购。     

外资并购我国上市公司绩效研究

以2005年内外资企业作为并购主体,我国上市公司作为并购目标的并购事件作为研究对象,以并购活动中作为目标公司的我国上市公司作为样本,通过不同类型的财务指标建立指标体系,并应用因子分析法与wilcoxon配对检验方法,对我国外资并购上市公司的长期绩效进行研究:说明外资并购我国上市公司业绩并没有改善,外资并购活动并不算成功.其原因主要是并购双方的价值观、企业文化和管理模式的不同及其并购双方目标差异冲突影响了外资并购效果.     

外资并购和国内并购财富效应的比较研究

本文以49起外资并购中国上市公司的事件和52起国内并购事件为样本,运用事件研究法对外资并购和国内并购的财富效应进行了比较研究。研究结果表明:从总体上看,外资并购公司股东获得的累积超额收益要大于国内并购公司股东获得的累积超额收益,尤其在并购公告前后的几个短期累积区间内,外资并购的累积超额收益(CAR)要显著高于国内并购。     

我国上市公司跨国并购的经营绩效分析

本文以2003—2004年上市公司跨国并购事件为样本,运用财务指标法对我国上市公司跨国并购的经营绩效进行了实证研究。结果表明：总体上看,跨国并购未能显著提高我国上市公司的经营绩效;就行业而言,电子信息业、机械行业与家电业上市公司跨国并购的经营绩效依次递减。     

外资并购国内上市公司的成因与影响

2003年以来,外资在华直接投资出现并购国内上市公司的新态势。本文分析了外资并购国内上市公司以获取产业价值和财富价值及法律管制放松3个方面的原因。之后,分析外资并购国内上市公司的影响,尤其是这种新态势存在的风险和危害,进而指出完善人民币汇率形成机制和解决股权分置,才能真正推动外资并购国内上市公司和证券市场的对外开放。     

医药上市公司并购绩效的实证分析

本文选取了2008～2010年发生并购的具有代表性的42家医药行业上市公司,以此为研究对象,采用因子分析的方法对并购前后绩效的变化进行了实证研究.研究结果表明:发生并购后,企业的整体绩效有了显著的提升,特别是并购后的第一年绩效提升尤为明显,这说明通过并购能够有效地改善医药行业上市公司的经营状况,促进企业的发展.     

我国上市公司跨国并购绩效实证分析

通过选取2003-2008年的25起跨国并购事件作为样本,实证分析了我国上市公司跨国并购的绩效。研究表明我国上市公司在并购当年绩效有着显著的提高,但是在并购后的第一年和第二年绩效出现了逐渐下滑的趋势。跨国并购绩效的不稳定主要是由上市公司跨国并购能力不够导致的,应从促进行业内资本集中、实施合适的并购战略以及提高国内并购能力等几个方面入手,提高我国上市公司跨国并购的绩效。     

我国上市公司股权结构对并购绩效影响的研究

伴随着我国资本市场的发展、体制的完善,上市公司规模不断扩大,企业通过并购活动提升经营管理层的管理水平、企业市场竞争力以及实现规模效应,已被广大上市公司所接受,并积极投身其中。上市公司的股权结构完善度与并购活动能否提升企业绩效有着密切关系。作为公司治理的核心之一,股权结构合理与否将会对并购交易的绩效产生直接影响。本文以我国2009年上市公司发生并购事件的主并企业为样本,通过实证研究来检验我国上市公司股权结构对并购绩效的影响。望借此为完善我国上市公司的股权结构以及并购绩效的提高提供依据。     

我国旅游上市公司并购对绩效影响的实证分析

本文以我国旅游上市公司发生的并购活动为基础,通过建立绩效评价指标体系对并购前后公司绩效的变化进行实证分析,发现旅游上市公司并购前后的经营绩效存在着一个先升后降的过程,表明我国旅游上市公司并购对其绩效的提升具有短期性,其中一个很重要原因是由于并购后的整合不够深入所导致的。     

Effects of foreign acquisitions on financial constraints,productivity and investment in R&D of target firms in China

This paper examines whether foreign acquisitions lessen financial constraints, improve investment in research & development (R&D) and productivity of the target firms in China based on a sample of 914 cross-border mergers and acquisitions (CBM&A) over the period of 1994–2011. Using investment to cash-flow sensitivity to measure financial constraints, we find that foreign acquisitions in China are associated with a reduction of target firms’ financial constraints, irrespective of the ownership type of the target firm. However, the extent of financial constraint reduction is pronounced for non-SOEs compared to state-owned enterprises (SOEs). This study also provides evidence that foreign acquisitions improve Chinese target firms’ productivity and investment in R&D.     

Why do over-deviated firms from target leverage undertake foreign acquisitions?

This paper examines how deviation from firms’ target leverage influences their decisions on undertaking foreign acquisitions. Using a sample of 5746 completed bids by UK acquirers from 1987 to 2012, we observe that over-deviated firms are more likely to acquire foreign targets. Consistent with co-insurance theory, we find that over-deviated firms engage in foreign acquisition deals to relieve their financial constraints and to mitigate their financial distress risk. We also note that foreign acquisitions enhance over-deviated firms’ value and performance, measured by Tobin’s q and return on assets (ROA) respectively. These findings support the view that over-deviated firms pursue the most value-enhancing acquisitions. Overall, this paper suggests that co-insurance effects, value creation and performance improvements are the main incentives for over-deviated firms’ involvement in foreign acquisitions.     

Picking cherries or lemons: A unified theory of cross‐border mergers and acquisitions

This article provides a theoretical framework that enhances understanding of empirical evidence suggesting that international mergers and acquisitions, a key source of foreign direct investment, seemingly target in‐country firms that are at the extremes of the productivity spectrum—either high‐productivity firms, so‐called cherries, or low‐productivity firms, the “lemons.” The framework demonstrates that foreign firms with intermediate inputs seek high‐productivity domestic firms, while foreign firms with managerial expertise seek low‐productivity domestic firms. We also show that because of the difference in available outside options, high‐productivity domestic firms can demand a significantly higher portion of profits in the partnership than low‐productivity domestic firms.     

Foreign Acquisition,Domestic Acquisition and Plant Survival

The literature has postulated that foreign capital participation (through mergers and acquisitions) is associated with more advanced technologies being injected into the acquired targets, and thus it might be reasonable to assume that foreign acquisitions would generate larger effects than domestic acquisitions to the acquired targets. This paper contributes to the discussion by examining the effects of foreign acquisitions versus domestic acquisitions on plant survival to both born-domestic and born-foreign plants. Using 26 cohorts of plants born in Canada between 1973 and 1998, the paper finds that both foreign acquisitions and domestic acquisitions significantly increase life durations of born-domestic plants, although domestic acquisitions generate larger effects. For born-foreign plants, neither foreign acquisitions nor domestic acquisitions significantly change their life span.     

Survival of full versus partial acquisitions: The moderating role of firm’s internationalization experience,cultural distance,and host country context characteristics

The high divestment rates of acquired foreign units indicate challenges connected to planning and management of foreign acquisitions. In this paper we analyze the moderating effect of internal and external variables on the relationship between acquirers’ ownership strategy and survival of acquired foreign units. We test our hypotheses on a sample of 1275 acquisitions conducted by Finnish firms in various countries during the period 1980–2005. The results indicate that the probability of survival does not differ significantly between full and partial acquisitions. We further find that the likelihood of survival in full, relative to partial acquisitions, is positively associated with the acquisition-specific experience, but inversely related to general international and target country experience. The results also reveal that the positive impact of full acquisitions is stronger if the acquisitions are made in culturally similar countries, in less developed economies, and in markets where the country risk has increased after entry.     

Finance-specific factors as drivers of cross-border investment—An empirical investigation

In this paper we empirically test the role of firm-specific financial characteristics as drivers of international investment and production. We hypothesize that financial strength generates advantages that can be exploited through cross-border investment activity. The hypothesis is tested in a series of binary-response models, using a sample of 1379 European non-financial firms’ international acquisitions. Controlling for traditional firm- and target-country-specific foreign direct investment (FDI) determinants, we find strong evidence that financial factors play a significant role in explaining cross-border investment. We conclude that without explicit consideration of the financial dimension, firms’ FDI decisions cannot be properly understood.     

中国上市公司并购长期绩效研究

从2000~2004年发生于我国证券市场的208起上市公司并购情况来看,收购公司在并购后1~3年实现显著负的超常收益,即收购方发生了价值损失,遭受了显著的财富损失。同时,国有控股公司的并购绩效好于非国有公司,同城并购表现好于异域并购,多元化并购绩效差于同业并购,优势控股公司表现差于非优势控股公司。此外,与资产收购相比,股权收购的长期绩效表现更好。     

The stock market performance of exploration-oriented and exploitation-oriented cross-border mergers and acquisitions: Evidence from emerging market enterprises

This study builds on insights from mergers and acquisitions (M&A) studies and the perspective that stock market performance is affected by the M&A strategies of firms. Past studies show that acquisitions are an effective way to exploit existing knowledge and explore new possibilities. We argue that stock market performance can be a response to exploration/exploitation strategies in the context of cross-border M&As by emerging market multinationals. Based on cross-border M&A data of Chinese multinationals, we find that exploration-oriented acquisitions have worse stock market performance than exploitation-oriented acquisitions. Furthermore, we find support for our premise that acquiring firms can reduce the risk of exploration-oriented acquisitions by having more high-discretion slack resources or by maintaining a high level of equity share of the target firm. In addition, acquiring firms perform better if they conduct exploration-oriented acquisitions in related industries. Our results contribute to a better understanding of exploration and exploitation in the context of M&As.     

Entry Modes and Firm Performance in a Transition Economy: Evidence from Inward FDI to Romania

The article analyzes the characteristics and performance of foreign direct investment (FDI) to Romania since the 1990s. We provide evidence for some of the commonly advanced propositions about FDI in transition economies, namely the selection of entry and firms’ performance over time and across economic sectors. Contrary to the FDI literature, multinational enterprises in Romania favored greenfield FDI over acquisitions, although this does not apply to oligopolistic and technology intensive industries. Specific relationships between the nationality of the investor, the location and the entry modes decisions are also analyzed. We observed that acquisitions exhibited higher profit margin and turnover compared to greenfield FDI.     

Efficiency and Ownership Structure: The Case of Poland

We examine the effects of foreign entry on productive efficiency during the Polish investment liberalisation. The performance of foreign acquisitions is compared to foreign firms entering the market through greenfield entry, as well as domestic acquisitions of privatised firms, domestic greenfields and remaining state‐owned (non‐privatised) firms during the period 1995–2000. We find that foreign privatised firms have realised larger productivity gains than all types of domestic firms and that this is not due to higher price‐cost margins, which is consistent with the idea that foreign firms bring in firm‐specific knowledge. Foreign greenfields have the highest average labour productivity, while foreign privatisations show the largest productivity increase.