汽车高速弯道急转向横向稳定性控制研究

为了提高弯道路面高速行驶车辆的横向稳定性,文章提出了一种在ABS基础上,添加参数自适应模糊PID控制的模糊PID控制器的方法,运用MATLAB/Simulink软件建立了车辆整车模型,针对方向盘阶跃输入工况进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明,施加控制器的车辆,横摆角速度和前、后轮侧偏角的输出稳态值均得到了改善,有效地把车辆控制在稳定区域内,从而提高了车辆的横向稳定性。     

基于MATLAB的汽车制动过程仿真

在参考国内外大量文献的基础上,文章建立了ABS制动防抱死系统的单轮模型,对现代ABS防抱死制动系统的不起作用过程和起作用过程进行了仿真分析,并运用MATLAB语言编制了汽车制动过程的仿真软件,结合具体数据对汽车制动过程进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,文章建立的汽车制动系模型是可靠的、准确的,可为汽车制动系的设计提供理论参考。     

基于MATLAB的汽车制动过程仿真

在参考国内外大量文献的基础上,文章建立了ABS制动防抱死系统的单轮模型,对现代ABS防抱死制动系统的不起作用过程和起作用过程进行了仿真分析,并运用MATLAB语言编制了汽车制动过程的仿真软件,结合具体数据对汽车制动过程进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,文章建立的汽车制动系模型是可靠的、准确的,可为汽车制动系的设计提供理论参考。     

汽车高速弯道急转向横向稳定性控制研究

为了提高弯道路面高速行驶车辆的横向稳定性，文章提出了一种在ABS基础上，添加参数自适应模糊PID控制的模糊PID控制器的方法，运用MATLAB/Simulink软件建立了车辆整车模型，针对方向盘阶跃输入工况进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明，施加控制器的车辆，横摆角速度和前、后轮侧偏角的输出稳态值均得到了改善，有效地把车辆控制在稳定区域内，从而提高了车辆的横向稳定性。     

轿车ABS故障灯闪亮故障的诊断与排除

ABS（Anti-Lock Braking System）防抱死制动系统是在车辆制动时,避免车轮拖滑的装置。其主要优点在于：保证制动时车辆的方向稳定性,避免侧滑、甩尾;保证制动时车辆的转向能力;一般情况下缩短距离;避免轮胎拖滑磨损,延长轮胎使用寿命。因此,ABS系统能否正常工作对车辆安全稳定行驶有着至关重要的作用。行驶过程中如ABS故障灯闪亮则表示ABS系统可能存在故障应及时诊断排除以保证车辆正常行驶。文章对两例标致轿车ABS故障灯闪亮的现象进行分析,分析其可能产生的原因并进行诊断排除。     

某型履带车辆制动器磨损规律研究及寿命预测

基于虚拟样机技术,用ADAMS/ATV模块建立了某型履带车辆紧急制动的动力学模型。通过紧急制动仿真,提取了车辆速度曲线及制动器打滑时间,计算了不同工况下各档位的滑磨功,进而求出其磨损量和寿命。由仿真及计算结果可知,制动瓦较制动鼓的磨损量大,这是由材料性质所决定的。制动时车辆的初速度越小,其磨损量就越小,寿命越长;反之,制动初速度越大,其磨损量就越大,寿命越短。     

智能商用车路径跟踪控制研究

文章建立了商用车电液耦合转向系统模型和车辆二自由度模型。基于车辆二自由度模型和模型预测控制方法进行了商用车路径跟踪控制器设计。电液耦合转向系统、Trucksim和模型预测控制算法联合仿真结果表明,所设计的路径跟踪控制算法保证了车辆良好的跟踪性,其跟踪误差控制在0.01 m之内。     

基于ADAMS与MATLAB联合仿真的ABS逻辑门限控制研究

本文以某车的多体动力学模型为仿真对象,在Matlab/simulink中建立了基于ABS逻辑门限控制方法的控制器,利用Adams/control进行了模型的协同与集成,然后进行仿真,研究了联合仿真下的ABS制动效果.对比了基于路面附着系数逻辑门限控制算法和双滑移率门限值控制算法下的ABS制动性能,验证了联合仿真的可行性,为快速开发以及验证控制算法提供了便捷的途径。     

基于模糊PID的装载机电控限滑差速器仿真研究

建立前轮驱动的轮式装载机模型，以滑转率为控制对象，提出一种基于模糊PID控制的防滑差速器的控制算法。选择干鹅卵石路面行驶到干沥青路面的工况进行仿真，结果表明，电控限滑差速器可以有效地限制车辆的滑转，获得最佳的驱动效果。     

环行穿梭车调度策略的仿真研究

为了在系统规划设计阶段准确评估环行穿梭车系统的运行效率,并确定车辆数量及搬运能力,本文在仿真模型中采用三分法建立了环行穿梭车系统调度策略,采用等比极限法仿真系统最大处理能力,采用优化分析工具实现了不同车辆数量对应的系统运行效率,最终确定车辆数量。结果显示,采用上述方法可在仿真中真实模拟环行穿梭车系统调度,定量分析结果更准确可靠,适合所有单闭环单向轨道搬运系统的仿真分析。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

Multinomial distributions applied to random sampling of particulate materials

When sampling a batch consisting of particulate material, the distribution of a sample estimator can be characterized using knowledge about the sample drawing process. With Bernoulli sampling, the number of particles in the sample is binomially distributed. Because this is rarely realized in practice, we propose a sampling design in which the possible samples have a nearly equal mass. Expected values and variances of the sample estimator are calculated. It is shown that the sample estimator becomes identical to the Horvitz–Thompson estimator in the case of a large batch-to-sample mass ratio and a large sample mass. Simulations and experiments were performed to test the theory. Simulations confirm that the round-off error due to the discrete nature of particles is negligible for large sample sizes. Sampling experiments were carried out with a mixture of PolyPropylene (PP) and PolyTetraFluorEthylene (PTFE) spheres suspended in a viscous medium. The measured and theoretical variations are in good agreement.