税务征收体制下的社会保险费征管制度建设研究

我国社会保险费征管体制改革正在不断深入。当前,社会保险费征管仍存在制度设计有待完善、法律依据不够清晰的问题。本文基于税收征管视角,对社会保险费征管制度进行了重新审视,在全面梳理了制约社会保险费征管制度完善的限制性因素的基础上,从科学设置社会保险费征管前置程序、全面构建社会保险费征管的保障程序等多个方面,对将社会保险费征管融入税收征管流程的可行性进行了分析和探讨,以期为我国社会保险费征管制度的完善提供参考。     

我国税收征管制度建设中面临的问题与改革策略

随着我国经湃的飞速发展,税收征管体系初步建立,并逐步向科学化、法制化和规范化的征管方向方展。但同时。也产生了一些新问题．对推进依法治税产生了不良影响。因此,本文通过分析我国税收征管制度的发展现状与目标,针对现行制度建设中面临的问题提出几点改革意见,以期通过本文的阐述立足国情、注重实她对完善税收征管制度建设提供理论依据。     

构建新型税收管理员制度的思考

在分析我国税源管理中存在的主要问题--税源掌握控制和纳税服务缺位的基础上,本文认为在税收征管专业化日益发展的条件下,应当尽快构建新型税收管理员制度,以实现"管户"与"管事"的有机结合,加强对纳税人的静态和动态监控,掌握税收征管的主动权,提高征管质量和效率,并且提出构建新型税收管理员制度的一些措施.     

试论税收征管模式与税收征管法律制度之关系

本文通过对新中国成立以来我国历次税制改革、税收征管模式改革、税收征管立法的全面梳理,总结出税制、征管模式、征管法律制度三者之间的内在关系及其相互作用的方式,得出了征管模式的政策性、税收征管模式是税收征管法律制度的基本指导原则、税收征管的制度化、法律化是客观的要求三个结论。在此基础上论证了征管模式与征管法律制度的协调方式,并对征管模式在《税收征管法》中的具体体现给出了意见。     

论《税收征管法》修订需要重点解决的立法问题

为实现我国税收征管制度从传统到现代的根本转型,必须按照顶层设计的理念,将我国《税收征管法》修订的指导思想和税收程序制度改革的根本目标确立为建立现代税收征管制度,以适应促进税收事业科学发展、建设税收法治、提升直接税改革和顺应世界税收征管制度发展的需要。为此,本次《税收征管法》修订的重点立法问题应当聚焦在健全涉税信息管理制度、建立纳税评定制度、完善税收强制制度、完善税收检查制度、修改逃税和漏税等税收法律责任制度,降低税收救济门槛上。为统筹规划、突出重点,尤其应当完成好健全涉税信息管理制度、设立纳税评定制度和降低税收救济门槛等立法任务。     

征税行为激励的制度分析

征税是一个包括国家、征税人和纳税人在内的动态过程,我国大量税收流失与对征税行为的激励不足有关,本文通过建立模型和对七大变量的讨论,认为未来我国税收征管制度的改革应充分重视对征税行为激励的制度建设。     

新企业所得税法:八大制度创新

《中华人民共和国企业所得税法》(以下简称"新企业所得税法")不仅在形式上实现了法律的统一和税收法定原则,更在实质上实现了制度创新和完善。本文对新企业所得税法在纳税人、税率、应税所得、税收抵免、税收优惠、反避税、税收征管和信赖利益保护等八个方面的制度创新进行了理论分析和制度介绍,并对其可能产生的影响进行了具体分析。     

论我国税收强制执行制度之完善

税收强制执行是税收征管程序中最为严厉的程序,是税收强制性特征最突出的表现,是保证税收得以实现的最后的但是又行之有效的措施,在各国的税收征收法律制度中均有明确的规定。然而税收强制执行直接关系到纳税人的利益,因此在对进行的税收强制执行规定中应当充分考虑国家利益与纳税人利益。我国《税收征管法》中虽然也建立了税收强制执行制度,但是在实践中该制度存在许多困惑,本文试图通过比较研究,探讨税收强制执行制度的进一步完善。     

自然人税收征管制度设计及流程再造北大核心CSSCI

《中华人民共和国税收征收管理法修订草案(征求意见稿)》(以下简称《征求意见稿》)中提出构建自然人税收征管制度,是我国直接税税收征管改革的方向。完善地方税体系,逐步提高直接税比重,需要构建自然人税收征管制度。直接税的征收管理在很大程度上不同于间接税,它需要一系列相关机制与制度的配合。自然人税收征管信息平台和涉税信息管理制度,是实现自然人税收高效征管的重要保障。本文基于我国自然人税收征管现状,提出自然人税收征管制度设计构想和相关流程,以期对推动我国的直接税改革有所裨益。     

税收滞纳金制度典型问题探析

一、我国现行税收滞纳金制度存在的问题(一)税收滞纳金自身定性模糊不清税收滞纳金制度是世界各国税收法律中普遍实行的一项制度,如《德国租税通则》第二百四十条,《日本国税法通则》第六十条至第六十三条都有关于滞纳金的相关规定。我国的《税收征管法》第三十二条对此制度也有明确规定:"纳     

中国税制改革的制度供求分析

从新制度经济学的视角来看，中国新一轮税制改革是一种正在发生的制度安排变化，或者说是一种制度变迁。就一个集权国家而言，税收制度的再安排或变迁更多的是属于政府供给主导型的制度变迁，其程序表现为自上而下的变迁。在此类制度变迁中，政府主体将是决定税收制度供给的方向、形式、进程及战略安排的主导力量。     

Rehabilitation of mining sites: do taxation and accounting systems legitimise the privileged or serve the community?

This paper explores both accounting standards and the taxation provisions with respect to the treatment of rehabilitation costs of mining entities in Australia. A special tax deduction is allowed only for expenditure actually incurred, yet the accounting standard provides a different calculative practice for the representation of the same event. With this example we demonstrate inconsistencies that exist between accounting and tax and although the accounting for income taxes standard accounts for the differences, we argue this merely legitimatises them. We challenge this false consciousness that assumes these inconsistencies are merely incidental and point out that these two systems, of tax and accounting, implicitly sustain and reinforce each other. These institutional practices perpetuate the privileges, powers and impact of the mining industry, whilst claiming to serve the community as a whole.     

Why Are Mothers Working Longer Hours in Austria than in Germany? A Comparative Microsimulation Analysis*

Labour force participation rates of mothers in Austria and Germany are similar; however, full‐time employment rates are much higher among Austrian mothers. In order to find out to what extent these differences can be attributed to differences in the tax‐transfer system, we perform a comparative microsimulation exercise. After estimating structural labour supply models for both countries, we interchange two important institutional characteristics of the two countries ‐ namely, (i) the definition of the tax unit within the personal income tax and (ii) the parental leave benefit scheme. As our analysis shows, differences in mothers’employment patterns can partly be explained by the different tax systems: while Germany has a system of joint taxation with income splitting for married couples, Austria taxes everyone individually, which leads to lower marginal tax rates for secondary earners than in the German system.     

Horizontal inequity under a dual income tax system: principles and measurement

Tax systems with separate taxation of wage and capital income, also called dual income tax systems, have gained relevance through the Mirrlees Review. Obviously, such tax systems are exposed to horizontal equity (HE) failures, or horizontal inequity (HI). HE and HI have a firm grip on assessment of fair tax policies, both from an academic point of view and in general public debate. The dual income tax system of Norway was modified by the tax reform of 2006 precisely because the previous schedule failed to deliver equal tax treatment of equals. This paper discusses the meaning and measurement of HI effects of dual income tax systems, and evaluates the development of HI for Norway over the time period 2000–2008 using microdata. A copula-based identification strategy efficiently establishes a framework for evaluations of HI over time. The dual income tax system and the early announcement of its impending revision during the period under examination created measurement problems which we had to account for by defining a new income concept for the empirical strategy. As expected, we find less HI in Norway after the reform of 2006.     

借鉴国际经验完善我国地方税征管体系

本文介绍了当前发达国家地方税征管体系,从地方政府的税收征管能力、纳税服务理念、税源监控和税务代理等方面分析了西方发达国家地方税征管体系的特点,并结合我国的国情,提出了完善我国地方税税收征管体系的建议。     

审计理论体系逻辑起点新探

自20世纪90年代以来,西方的新制度经济学及产权理论、交易费用理论传入我国,与我国的制度演变相结合,引起了我国经济学的革命,也掀起了作为经济学的分支学科——会计学的革命。我们也有必要从新的视角对整个审计理论体系进行审视,这种审视的系统性、深刻性,要求首先对赖以演绎出整个审计理论体系的逻辑起点进行新的审视。逻辑起点具有先导性,是推动学科研究进一步发展成熟的基础;逻辑起点还同时具有终极性,这既意味着它是审计理论中最为基本的范畴,同时也是审计理论体系的出发点和目的。文章全面剖析了审计动因的产权因素,从产权经济学角度审视审计理论体系,确立审计理论体系的逻辑起点——产权动因论。     

当前大企业税收管理亟待研究和解决的几个问题

我国大企业税收管理工作已经进入了实践阶段,但与之相关的一系列理论和实际问题仍有待研究和解决。本文从大企业的定义、标准、大企业税收管理机构职能的配置、大企业税收管理的业务创新等几个方面进行了论述,就当前有关大企业税收管理的重大问题提出了建议。     

Investor Tax Heterogeneity and Ex-Dividend Day Trading Volume

We propose that ex‐dividend day excess volume is motivated by tax heterogeneity among investors, and thus is increasing in investor tax heterogeneity. Institutional ownership is our measure of heterogeneity. Since investor heterogeneity is a concave function of institutional ownership, we hypothesize that ex‐day volume is a concave function of institutional ownership. Cross‐sectional tests support the tax‐motivated trading hypothesis. Additional tests, using trade size and pension ownership as proxies for institutional trades, yield similar results. We contribute to the literature by considering the interaction between payout policy and ownership structure in explaining the cross‐sectional variation in ex‐day volume.