我国货币政策效果非对称性研究——来自1996～2009年的经验证据

本文基于VAR模型对我国货币政策产出效应和价格效应的非对称性进行了实证研究。研究结果表明：我国货币政策效果的确存在非对称性。在短期内。紧缩性货币政策效果要优于扩张性货币政策；在中长期内，扩张性货币政策效果更持久；而在长期内，无论是扩张性货币政策还是紧缩性货币政策对产出和物价都没有影响。     

中国紧缩性与扩张性货币政策的区域效应研究

将货币政策分解为紧缩性和扩张性,利用SVAR模型及脉冲响应函数对八大综合经济区的货币政策区域效应进行研究,结果表明,紧缩性和扩张性的货币政策均具有显著的区域效应,紧缩性货币政策的区域效应将更加倾向于加大区域经济发展不平衡的趋势。区域间的经济发展水平、金融结构、企业状况和居民的投资和消费倾向的差异,是导致了货币政策区域效应的主要原因。     

是紧还是松——货币政策取向分析

2007年底的中央经济工作会议确立了从紧的货币政策方向。但2008年国内外经济环境出现了前所未有的复杂局面：经济增长要求实行扩张性的货币政策,而不断加大的通货膨胀压力则要求实行紧缩性货币政策,货币政策陷入了两难选择。面对这种情况,是应该坚持紧缩性货币政策,还是转向扩张性货币政策？结论认为,抑制通货膨胀是当前各种经济问题的重中之重,应该坚持紧缩性货币政策。     

中国货币政策效应非对称性的实证研究

已有研究表明,紧缩性与扩张性货币政策对真实产出的影响存在非对称效应。但与现有研究不同的是,本文实证结果表明:(1)扩张性货币政策更为有效;(2)不同经济周期阶段货币政策的政策效应具有非对称性,较之于经济扩张时期,经济紧缩时期的货币政策更为有效;(3)"大"的货币政策与"小"的货币政策的政策效应有差别,"小"的货币政策相对有效。     

基于MSVAR模型的货币政策非对称效应研究

笔者采用马尔科夫区制转换向量自回归模型(MSVAR)和脉冲响应函数(IRF),基于我国1992年第1季度至2011年第4季度的宏观经济数据,探讨了我国货币政策的非对称效应.结果显示,我国货币政策的信贷传导机制和利率传导机制均具有非对称效应.经济扩张期紧缩性货币政策的抑制效应要显著大于经济紧缩期扩张性货币政策的刺激效应;利率市场化改革前后其区制发生明显转换,利率作为货币政策的中介目标,作用不断加强.     

中国货币政策行业投资效应的差异性分析

笔者使用月度数据,建立19个行业的VAR系统,利用脉冲响应函数,从行业层面分别分析了各行业投资对货币政策变动的反应程度和各行业在紧缩性货币政策和扩张性货币政策下投资变化程度的大小.结果显示,货币政策对各个行业投资的影响存在显著差异,有10个行业的投资对紧缩性政策的反应大于扩张性政策,8个行业则相反,1个行业的反应程度基本相同.最后,根据研究结论,笔者提出了相应的政策建议.     

试论我国货币政策的局限性

<正> 改革开放以来,在运用货币政策对国民经济进行宏观调控方面,我国引进了西方国家的管理经验及措施,概括起来说就是用紧缩性货币政策来对付经济过热和通货膨胀,用扩张性货币政策来对付经济衰退和失业。可实际效果并未能如愿。特别是去年以来,针对经济滑坡、市场疲软,人民银行先后采取了降低利率、扩大贷款等措施,效果     

数量型货币政策调控有助于金融稳定吗——基于时变货币需求的货币政策有效性再评价

金融稳定事关经济与金融发展全局,维护实体经济与金融体系的双重稳定已成为新时代中国宏观经济调控的重要任务.通过对中国货币需求的动态评估,为数量型货币政策立场提供了一个评价基准,并基于此对数量型货币政策有效性与非对称性特征进行再评价.结果 表明:首先,现代金融环境下,国民收入、金融资产以及支付手段创新因素对货币需求存在正向影响,机会成本与货币替代因素则在一定程度上抑制了货币需求;其次,货币缺口可以用来合理划分数量型货币政策立场,以货币需求为基准、货币缺口为指示器的数量型货币政策整体有效,并且可以兼顾对宏观经济和金融体系的双重调控;最后,中国数量型货币政策效应具有典型的非对称性特征,其中紧缩性货币政策具有较强的产出效应,而扩张性货币政策的价格效应和金融稳定效应则更为显著.这些研究结论或可为切实提高数量型货币政策在通胀预期管理、保障宏观经济平稳运行并有效维护金融稳定等方面的效应提供有益的政策启示.     

扩张性货币政策批判:货币政策传导机制的无效性

西方经济学所说货币政策传导机制,包括利率渠道、资产价格渠道即利率渠道基础上的投资效应和财富效应、信贷渠道、汇率渠道等,在积极的或扩张性货币政策方面都是难以奏效的。扩张性货币政策的短期效果也难以证实,而且推动通胀、加剧过剩、浪费资源、加剧分化,损害长远经济发展,在长期中是负效应而不是中性。正确的货币政策原则只能是适应性的。     

影子银行体系下货币政策传导“渗漏”与“扭曲”效应研究

影子银行是正规金融机构的有益补充,但因其具有脆弱性,不受监测和监管,会削弱货币政策效果。本文从理论上提出影子银行体系下货币政策传导"渗漏"与"扭曲"效应假设,并运用实证分析发现我国影子银行体系借助信用创造功能、加速社会资金运转,显著影响货币供给总量与货币流动速度,导致货币政策传导的"总量渗漏"和"结构扭曲",在货币政策宽松、社会总需求扩张时期,影子银行活动能够有效补充正规金融体系的货币信用供给不足,强化扩张性货币政策的传导效力;但在货币政策收缩阶段,影子银行的"总量渗漏"会显著弱化中央银行的货币供给调控能力,扭曲紧缩性货币政策传导效果。     

Empirical research on monetary policy,asset prices and inflation: an analysis based on provincial panel data in China

In this article, we investigate the dynamic correlations among monetary policy, asset prices and inflation and assess the regional effects of monetary policy in China for the period October 2007 to July 2013. We focus on the interdependencies among monetary policy and asset price fluctuations by using the Shanghai Interbank Offered Rate as the preferred variable for analysing monetary policy movement. In particular, we apply a vector autoregressive model in a panel setting, which allows researchers to examine variations over time or across individual regions. The empirical results presented herein indicate that monetary policy reacts actively to asset prices, although it is still shown to be ineffective. In addition, we find that asset prices display some regional differences in their response to an unexpected monetary policy shock.     

资产价格泡沫与货币政策应对——事先行动还是事后反应

资产价格泡沫的产生原因是多方面的,早期的研究更多地认为资产泡沫来自于投资者的非理性因素,但是随着金融自由化进程的推进,与经济金融发展水平不相适应的金融自由化也成为资产泡沫产生的一个重要原因。而对于资产价格泡沫的货币政策应对一直存在争议,一些学者主张货币政策应该忽略资产价格,而另一些学者则主张货币政策应该对资产价格作出反应。本文基于后一种观点,来探讨当预期资产价格将出现泡沫时,货币政策是该事先行动还是事后反应,为此,本文引入产出跨期配置的理论,来阐述货币政策应对资产价格泡沫的决策模型。     

Asset prices and expected monetary policy: evidence from daily data

This article explores the relationships among Libor, gold prices, the exchange rate, oil prices, fed funds futures prices and stock prices at a daily frequency. This article examines whether expected monetary policy, measured by changes in the prices of fed funds futures contracts, reacts to high frequency changes in asset prices and, in turn, whether asset prices respond to changes in expected monetary policy. The article reveals that there are statistically significant relationships between expected US monetary policy and shocks to Libor and exchange rates. It also reveals that there is no evidence of a systematic relationship between stock prices and expected monetary policy changes. Splitting the data into expansionary and recessionary periods using NBER dating, we find results for the expansionary periods that are very similar to the results for the entire period. For the periods of recession, we find little evidence of significant linkages between markets.     

House Prices and Stock Prices: Different Roles in the US Monetary Transmission Mechanism*

We analyze the role of house prices and stock prices in the monetary‐policy transmission mechanism in the US, using a structural vector autoregressive model. If we allow the interest rate and asset prices to react simultaneously to news, we find different roles for house prices and stock prices in the monetary transmission mechanism. Following a contractionary monetary‐policy shock, stock prices fall immediately, while the response in house prices is more gradual. Regarding the systematic response in monetary policy, stock prices play a more important role than house prices. As a consequence, house prices contribute more than stock prices to fluctuations in gross domestic product and inflation.     

Monetary policy and stock price dynamics with limited asset market participation

We study a New-Keynesian DSGE model subject to limited asset market participation (LAMP) and assess whether monetary policy should respond to stock prices for what concerns the determinacy and the learnability (E-stability) of the Rational Expectations Equilibrium (REE). We find that interest rate rules granting a positive response to stock prices facilitate both the determinacy and the E-stability of the fundamental REE when the degree of LAMP is sufficiently large to generate an inverted aggregate demand channel of monetary policy transmission. Moreover, according to our analysis, policy rules responding to stock prices appear to perform better than more standard rules responding to output with respect to both equilibrium determinacy and aggregate welfare.     

资产价格与货币政策

随着资本市场的发展和金融资产存量的增加 ,资产价格的波动对货币政策提出了诸多挑战。本文讨论了资产价格与货币政策目标的关系 ;资产价格在货币政策传导过程中对消费、投资和金融体系的影响 ;以及货币政策操作中有关资产价格的争论 ;最后提出了这一研究领域中存在的问题     

我国资产价格波动与货币政策关系研究

随着金融自由化的逐步推进,资本市场存量日益增大.这既体现了金融深化程度的提高,又意味着货币供应与国民经济主要指标之间稳定性的弱化.资产价格对货币政策的制订和执行会产生深刻的影响.其中股价、房价等资产价格在货币政策传导机制中扮演的角色越来越重要.本文从实证角度出发,通过构建VAR模型检验我国资产价格对货币政策的反应以及资产价格对货币政策目标的影响,发现资产价格、货币政策及货币政策目标间存在长期协整关系,资产价格对产出有正向冲击作用,股市显著影响通货膨胀,但房地产市场对通货膨胀推动作用不明显,资产价格受货币政策的冲击影响显著,其中股市对货币政策冲击的反应明显大于房地产市场.     

The asymmetric effects of investor sentiment and monetary policy on stock prices

We examine the impact of investor sentiment and monetary policy on the stock prices under different market states based on the Markov-switching vector autoregression (MS-VAR) model. The results show that the sentiment shocks, more than monetary policy shocks, lead to not only much larger fluctuations of stock prices but also much longer duration in the stock market downturn than in the stock market expansion, which shows obvious asymmetric effect. Moreover, the responses of stock prices to the sentiment shocks present an immediate effect, while the responses of stock prices to the monetary policy shocks show one-period lag effect.     

货币政策工具对资产价格动态冲击的识别检验

文章以不同的货币政策手段在资产价格波动的不同阶段所表现出的作用效果为出发点,通过SVAR模型,识别出不同货币政策工具的单独动态冲击,并分别分析了膨胀阶段和低迷阶段的资产价格对货币政策冲击响应的程度,以解决针对不同阶段资产价格波动的货币政策调控手段和时机的选择问题。结果表明,货币政策对资产价格的作用具有有效性,在价格膨胀阶段可在一定时期内采取利率手段对资产价格波动进行微调,当出现价格泡沫时控制货币供应量会收到即时效果;而在资产价格低迷阶段,以利率调节资产价格具有明显和相对持久的作用。     

Tobin's Q channel and monetary policy rules under incomplete exchange rate pass-through

This paper focuses on the role of the Tobin's Q channel in a two-country framework in which exporting firms set their prices on the basis of local currency pricing. Incomplete exchange rate pass-through significantly affects the Tobin's Q channel in each country compared with the case of complete exchange rate pass-through. We explore whether different specifications of monetary policy enhance social welfare. Regardless of the degree of home bias, a monetary policy rule that stabilizes domestic asset prices attains preferable outcomes to several alternative policy rules considered in our analysis. Notably, there are large gains from employing a domestic asset price rule when the home bias is large. A monetary policy rule that stabilizes the asset prices of both countries results in worse outcomes. Our simulation results suggest that stabilizing asset prices is important in an open economy with incomplete exchange rate pass-through.