怎样与大象共舞——中国国际工程承包企业如何应对后危机时代

在后金融危机时代,我国国际工程承包企业不得不面临新的不确定因素,遭遇新的危机与新的挑战。我国国际工程承包企业面临的挑战国际工程承包市场持续低迷。全球金融危机对国际承包市场造成了较大的冲击,市场持续低迷的状况在未来一段时间内很难改变。     

国际工程创收的"四大支柱"

随着中国加入WTO组织,与世界各国的经贸往来日益增多,国际工程承包的项目也越来越多。如何将国际工程承包项目管理好,如何在国际工程承包的工作中盈利,使企业得到更大的发展,在日益激烈的国际工程承     

基于AHP的工程承包风险模糊综合评价

施工企业工程承包潜藏着众多风险,在投标时采用有效的方法对工程承包风险进行准确分析,可以提高投标决策效率,进而提高工程效益。投标活动是定性、定量的多指标决策过程，在充分研究承包风险因素的基础上,提出基于层次分析法的工程承包风险的模糊综合评判模型,即将层次分析法和模糊综合评价法相结合用于工程承包风险分析评价。通过实例演示了操作过程,证明该方法的科学性和可行性。     

建设"创新型"企业赢得国际竞争优势

近年来，中央提出“走出去”开放战略，政府有关部门出台了一系列支持企业开展国际经济技术合作的政策，特别是中国加入世界贸易组织，为国际工程承包企业进一步开发规模巨大的全球基本建设市场，提供了千载难逢的发展机遇。国际工程承包企业如何才能把握住发展的机遇，关键是认清形势，深化改革，形成自己独特的核心竞争能力。一、建设“创新型”企业，赢得竞争优势。企业创新的实质是将资源从低效率使用转向高效率使用的过程，目的是为企业赢得竞争优势，提供发展的新鲜血液。只有成为“创新型”企业，才能实现持续创新。建设“创新型”企…     

国际工程无捷径可走——当前国际工程承包项目中存在的主要问题及对策

据统计,我国目前有对外经营权的企业2000多家。大量的工程承包企业涌向国际建筑市场,显示了我们强大的国力,但同时,许多企业由于自身问题,兴致冲冲地出去,垂头丧气地回来,不但经济利益受损,很大程度上也影响了国家的形象。本文主要对目前我国企业在国际工程管理中存在的若干问题及对策加以探讨,旨在同相关企业共同努力,提高我国国际工程承包企业的国际竞争力。     

国际工程承包企业的生态系统平衡

国际工程承包企业是我国实施“走出去”战略的重要力量,在经济全球化的今天,我国工程承包企业应主动地在更广阔的市场空间进行拓展和优化,积极参与国际竞争与合作,以获得更多市场份额。目前,我国国际工程承包企业面临如何在国际复杂环境下实现可持续成长的新问题和新挑战。本文将国际工程承包市场体系作为一个商业生态系统,建立国际工程承包企业生态系统模型,分析企业生态系统模型中各组成部分之间的相互影响、相互作用关系,为国际工程承包企业对自身生态位的动态调整与定位提供参考。     

人民币升值：国际工程承包的风向标——浅析人民币升值对国际工程承包的影响与对策

人民币升值对我国国际工程承包企业的影响 当前,我国国际工程承包企业执行的对外承包合同,绝大多数是以美元计价。这些合同中往往没有列入汇率变化的保护性条款。在世行、亚行等金融机构的项目合同中,通常只提供了调价公式等通货膨胀方面的保护性条款。显而易见,人民币升值必定会影响国际工程承包项目的人民币收益,从而直接影响项目的利润水平。     

搞好信息管理服务企业决策

企业的生产经营、发展创新,离不开准确全面、有效及时的信息支持,信息的质量在一定程度上影响着企业决策的质量,信息管理在企业决策过程中发挥的作用日益显著。面对国际国内新形势和企业发展创新新任务,我们在搞好信息管理,服务企业决策工作中做了一些有益的探索。     

厘清国际工程承包市场进入条件

为了充分利用国内国外两种市场资源,我国越来越多的工程承包企业积极实施“走出去”战略参与国际市场竞争.2013年,我国55家内地企业入选ENR国际承包商250强,共完成海外工程营业额671亿美元,入围企业数量创历年之最.但国际工程承包市场较之国内市场更为复杂,不同国家通过法律法规及行业政策设置了不同的市场进入条件,为中国工程承包企业开拓国际市场带来了挑战.因此,需要分析把握主要目标国家针对外国承包商所设置的各类市场进入条件,帮助我国工程承包企业根据这些条件做好相应的准备,以选择开拓适合的国际市场并实现可持续发展.     

哪些因素导致国际承包环境动荡

尽管我国国际工程承包业发展势头良好,但开拓国际市场面临的情况复杂多变,环境动荡性问题突出,不少中国企业在海外工程承包中举步维艰甚至遭受巨大损失。我国国际工程承包发展现状尽管全球国际工程承包业受金融危机和全球经济低迷的影响出现了不同程度上的萎缩,但全球大型国际承包企业海外营业额总量已呈现出增长态势。根据美国《工程新闻纪录》公布的数据,2011年全球225家最大国际承包商共完成海外营业额4530.2亿美元,相比2010年的3836.6亿美元和2009年的3837.8亿美元上升了18%。国际工程承包市场发展前景巨大,我国也有越来越多的建筑业企业加入到开拓国际市场的竞争中,开展国际工程承包已成为国家实施"走出去"战略的重要组成部分。从市场规模来看,2011年我国国际工程承包新签合同额1423.3亿美元;营     

Correlation Dynamics and Determinants in International Securitized Real Estate Markets

We find the correlation movements among eight developed securitized real estate markets and among their stock markets are quite synchronized over the period from 1995 through 2012. There is a high degree of correlation dependence with many of the realized correlation series subject to regime switching. Moreover, international correlations of public property returns could be significantly explained by five real estate variables that include global real estate securities market volatility, co‐existence of real estate investment trust (REIT) influence, underlying direct real estate return performance differential, real estate securities volatility differential and real estate securities market size differential after controlling for macroeconomic influence and stock market effect. The importance of the control and real estate variables in explaining the return correlations varies across the economies examined.     

(Re‐)Locating the Local and National in the Global: Multi‐Scalar Political Alignment in Transnational European Dockworker Union Campaigns

Labour activists have called for greater international co‐ordination among trade unions in response to the assault on organized labour by global capital, but such co‐ordination faces many hurdles. Under what conditions can unions overcome those barriers and co‐ordinate effectively to achieve campaign goals? I examine this question through a comparison of European‐level international solidarity with Portuguese, Greek and English affiliates of the International Dockworkers Council involved in labour disputes. The divergent outcomes of otherwise similar cases reveal the critical role of politics and strategy at different scales and sites of union organization in determining the successful exercise of labour internationalism.     

The Union Response to International Corporations

The purpose of this paper has been to examine, on a pre-liminary basis, some of the implications of the international corporationunion interface for individual countries. It has been suggested that the impact of this interface will depend on the production strategy of the international corporation, the solidarity of the coalition of the unions in different countries, and the economic and political conditions prevailing in the individual countries. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the bargaining relationship between unions and international corporations, it is suggested that research will have to be conducted on the following topics: the industrial relations decision-making process of international firms, in particular the ways in which these firms react to international collective bargaining; the alternative strategies open to unions in international collective bargaining; the impact of international unionism and international firms on the industrial relations system of individual countries; the problems associated with international collective bargaining involving unions with different political ideologies; and the impact of international unionism on economic and political integration and the perception of national governments.     

Managing the influence of internal and external determinants on international industrial pricing strategies

In developing pricing strategies, managers typically take into account a wide array of factors, including those that are internal to the firm as well as those that are external to its operations. However, little attention has been paid to how managers consider these factors in combination and how such judgments affect their ultimate choice of pricing strategy. These questions are the focus of this study, particularly as they pertain to international pricing decisions. Drawing on key dimensions thought to influence the relative weights that pricing managers place on both internal and external factors, the study details how those relative weightings influence the ultimate strategies managers employ. Findings indicate that international experience, product technology, degree of internationalization, market share, and certain external factors influence weightings managers give to internal and external factors in the process of making international pricing decisions. Furthermore, these decision-making factors combine to affect the specific strategies pricing managers employ in determining international prices.     

A dynamic model of growth phases and survival in international business-to-business new ventures: The moderating effect of decision-making logic

The growth and survival of international new ventures (INVs) has not been the subject of extensive in-depth qualitative study and our understanding of their decision-making is deficient. On the basis of empirical analyses in a small and open economy, a dynamic model was developed that explains the growth phases through which INVs pass as they mature in the high-technology business-to-business field. The model also recognizes rapid advancement, survival crises, and retrenchment. Propositions were devised regarding the impact of opportunities, resources and capabilities, entrepreneurial orientation, and learning on growth phases and survival. A novel finding is that the decision-making logic moderates the impact of these factors. These findings have important implications for industrial marketing scholars and practitioners.     

The impact of forecasting on companies’ performance: Analysis in a multivariate setting

Over the years, practitioners and researchers have devoted their attention to forecasting techniques and methods that can be adopted to improve companies’ performance. However, forecasting techniques alone are not enough since companies should also consider several other issues associated with forecasting process management, e.g. how companies collect and use information on the market, or how the forecast is used in different decision-making processes. It is also important to understand the existence of interaction effects between these different forecasting variables, as they could determine a positive additional synergistic effect on companies’ performance. This paper aims to investigate what relevant forecasting variables should be considered to improve companies’ performance, and whether some forecasting variables can interact and influence performance with a synergistic effect. Analyses are conducted by means of data collected by the Global Manufacturing Research Group (GMRG). Data from a sample of 343 manufacturing companies in 6 different countries demonstrate that when companies intend to improve cost and delivery performances, they should devote their attention to all the different forecasting variables. In addition, the results found reveal the existence of positive interaction effects between the collection and use of information on the market and the other forecasting variables, as well as the existence of a negative interaction effect between the adoption of forecasting techniques and the use of forecasts in several decision-making processes. These results have important implications for managers as they provide guidance on how to lever on the different forecasting variables to maximize companies’ performance.     

A two-stage fuzzy-AHP model for risk assessment of implementing green initiatives in the fashion supply chain

Green or environmental concerns are drawing more and more attention both in academia and industry. Careful deployment of green initiatives or policies could not only fulfil the requirements of environmental legislation but also lead to a competitive advantage for firms. Nevertheless, making optimal decisions in this regard is not easy. This is principally due to two reasons: (1) the qualitative nature of, and (2) the uncertainty associated with, the parameters involved in the decision-making process. Analytic hierarchy process could be a useful tool to tackle the first challenge because of its ability to handle both qualitative and quantitative variables (decision criteria). Unfortunately, this approach is inadequate at addressing the uncertainties common in real-life applications. This challenge is particularly noticeable in the fashion industry since demand is very volatile, and there are many uncertain variables associated with the whole supply chain. As a result, this paper blends fuzzy logic, which is a popular method of incorporating uncertain parameters into the decision-making process, with analytic hierarchy process to form a selection (decision-making) model for different green initiatives in the fashion industry. The rationale behind the model is to analyse the associated risk of different alternatives, subject to different factors, be they deterministic or not. A numerical example is included in this paper to demonstrate how the proposed model works.     

The customer as enabler of value (co)-creation in the solution business

Through 31 in-depth interviews with customers and providers of knowledge-intensive business service solutions, this article explores their view on customers' contribution to value (co)-creation. First, the study defines five internal factors that prompt customers to engage with providers for value (co)-creation and discusses unique factors that influence how customers define their needs before engaging a solution provider. In addition, the study suggests extending the known solution process by proposing the problem and need definition phase to reflect the customer's early activities. The results support the theory that customers define their typical needs not only to aid them in selecting the right provider but also to use their awareness of possible issues to guide the solution process. Providers benefit from this definition in that they gain a better understanding of their roles and responsibilities in the process. Second, the study identifies eight variables that typically enable value (co)-creation. The findings show that customers should focus their activities on those variables and providers should identify possible customer shortcomings so that they can compensate for them.     

The evolution of telecommunications policy-making: Comparative analysis of China and India

This paper is a comparative analysis of the telecommunications policy-making process in China and India. Adopting an institutionalist perspective and multi-streams framework, the paper analyzes the formal structures, rule-making procedures and interest groups involved in telecommunications policy-making in the two countries, in terms of their evolution over the last two decades. Though the two systems began this period with a somewhat similar ministerial-bureaucratic decision-making model, and faced similar problems of assimilating new interest groups and responding to international pressures, the paper finds that the decision systems in the two countries evolved in significantly different directions. China's telecommunications decision-making is significantly affected by the macro level political rearrangement and is more likely to be non-incremental. On the other hand, confronted by an increasingly litigious environment and a more fractious interest group culture, India represents a somewhat classical textbook case of incremental policy making. Nevertheless, numerous challenges remain in both countries, including institutional capacity and excessive regulatory deference to political authority.