阿根廷债务危机之困

8月8日凌晨,阿根廷政府传来消息,表示已经在海牙国际法庭就阿根廷主权债务问题提起诉讼,要求对美国采取司法行动。这是自7月30日,阿根廷政府与＂秃鹫基金＂围绕债务违约进行的最后一轮谈判以失败告终,导致该国陷入违约境地以来,阿根廷政府与拒绝接受债务重组的债权人之间长期争议的最新发展。     

主权信用评级、政府债务风险和政府会计改革

一、主权信用评级与政府债务风险主权信用评级是由信用评级机构对一国中央政府的债务违约风险所做的评估。主权信用评级的高低反映了债务人违约的可能性。在国际资本市场上,主权信用评级可以减少债务人和债权人之间的信息不对称,降低信     

债权人视角下企业债务重组价值分析与评估方法研究

<正>债务重组价值的实质债务重组是指当企业陷入债务危机时，债务人与债权人通过协商、谈判或者根据法院的裁定，由债权人就债务偿还条件作出让步，其实质就是改变原有债务的偿债条款以缓解企业所面临的偿债压力，这里的债务重组包括庭外重组和庭内重组。如果我们将债务重组简单理解成对负债的谈判和减免，显然低估了债务重组本身的特性和作用。2018年《全国法院破产审判工作会议纪要》第14条规定，     

浅析债务重组会计处理

一、债务重组会计处理原则债务重组是指在债务人发生财务困难的情况下,债权人按照其与债务人达成的协议或者法院的裁定作出让步的事项。在认定债务重组时,要综合考虑债权人和债务人是否在自愿基础达成重组协议、是否有法院做出裁定、债权人和债务人是否相互独立、是否构成关联方关系或者关联方关系是否对债务重组产生实质影响     

债务重组在新旧准则中的比较

<正>一、关于定义旧准则中债务重组的定义为:债权人按照其与债务人达成的协议或法院的裁决同意债务人修改债务条件的事项。新准则中则定义为:在债务人发生财务困难的情况下,债权人按照其与债务人达成的协议或法院的裁定做出让步的事项。通过对比定义可以看出,新准则调整了债务重组的范围。旧准则中任何修改某项债务条款均属于债务重组范围之内,而新准则突出强调了债务人发生财务困难和债权人最终做出让步。     

当心外储安全

主权债务发生重大违约时,往往是债权人自吞苦果。近期,国际金融体系再度动荡。而我最为关心的是3万亿美元的外汇储备安全。事已至此,恐怕中国已不能再将储备安全系在美国的裤腰带上,而应尝试将其捆绑在全球经济的列车上。包括欧、美、日的主权债务危机前景如何?我认为,短期     

企业债务重组账务处理必须规范化

财政部颁布的《企业会计准则———债务重组》于１９９９年１月１日开始实施。债务重组就是债务人因无力偿债，经与债权人协商或经法院裁定，对所欠债务有所核减或作出其他转换以及修改债务条件等的财务事项。企业债务重组对于债权人、债务人都要作出账务处理，可是在现实...     

浅析债务重组会计准则与所得税差异

财政部于2006年2月15日发布的《企业会计准则第12号——债务重组》对债务重组的定义、方式以及会计处理进行了规范。财政部、国家税务局于2009年4月颁布了《关于企业重组业务企业所得税处理若干问题的通知》(财税〔2009〕59号),国家税务总局于2010年7月发布了《企业重组业务企业所得税管理办法》(国家税务总局公告2010年第4号),国家税务总局于2010年10月发布了《关于企业取得财产转让等所得企业所得税处理问题的公告》(国家税务总局公告2010年第19号),这三个文件对债务重组的一般性税务处理、特殊性税务处理以及应提供的相关资料等作出了规定。本文拟就债务重组的会计处理与所得税处理进行分析。债务重组是指债务人发生财务困难的情况下,债权人按其与债务人达成的协议或法院的裁定作出让步的事项。债务重组的前提条件是债务人发生财务困难,重要特征是债权人作出让步。债务重组的定义会计准则与所得税法没有差异,完全一致。     

债务契约理论综述

债务契约作为债权人的一种权益保护机制正在越来越多的受到理论界的关注。由于债权人不能通过投票权来维护自己的利益,债务契约的设计、签订、执行以及违约事件的处理就变的十分的重要。国外对债务契约的研究较多,而国内的相关研究还是很少,本文对国内外债务契约的相关理论进行了梳理,以期为对债务契约的相关研究提供参考。     

几种债务重组的具体方式

债务重组，1999年《企业会计准则》定义为“在债务人发生财务困难的情况下，债权人按照其与债务人达成的协议或法院的裁定做出让步的事项。”2001年《企业会计准则》修订为“债权人按照其与债务人达成的协议或法院的裁决同意债务人修改债务条件的事项。”修订后的债务重组没有将“债务人发生财务困难”作为债务重组的前提条件；同时，债务重组不仅包括债权人做出让步的债务重组，还包括债权人未做出让步的债务重组。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Introduction of New Technology with a Sound Transition of the Input-Output Structure

We examine the general equilibrium repercussions associated with the introduction of new technologies, using the generalized Leontief system that allows technological substitutions. We show that an untested introduction of cost-increasing technologies in any industry may result in creating a non-productive technological structure that does not satisfy the Hawkins-Simon condition, following the autonomous dynamic adjustment process with structural transitions in the economic system. Therefore, we propose a practicable control scheme of introducing cost-increasing technologies that strictly avoids the creation of non-productive structures in all periods of structural transition, using the available information on the ex ante technological structure.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.