辽宁承接跨国服务外包的优势分析及对策建议

服务外包不仅可以降低发包国的成本,还可以提升服务承接国的产业结构,缓解就业压力,学习发达国家的先进技术和科学的管理方法,提高企业的竞争力,服务外包为发展中国家提供了一个难得的发展机遇。本文在全面分析了辽宁省承接跨国服务外包的优势、劣势、机遇和挑战,深入探究辽宁承接软件和服务外包面临的问题与困境,进而提出辽宁发展跨国服务外包的对策和措施。     

后金融危机时代服务外包企业对财务风险防范研究——以服务外包企业由承接外包项目引发的财务风险为例

进入后金融危机时代我国服务外包领域压力仍然很大,但也给外包产业带来了新的发展机遇.中国服务外包行业应抓住机会,提升企业竞争力.本文从后金融危机时代特征入手,指出我国的服务外包产业应注重由承接外包项目引发的财务风险.分析外包企业在外包项目的承接过程中存在风险,最终导致外包企业财务风险的发生.主要由发包企业和其具体项目所带来的,受发包企业的信誉风险、经营风险、环境风险等因素制约.由于服务外包项目的客观风险和主观风险的影响,使得企业始终处于财务风险之中.故提出服务外包企业风险控制对策,包括把握后金融危机带来的发展服务外包产业的新机遇;内外兼顾,促进服务外包企业长足发展;着手制定企业的外包输出战略;拓宽资金筹集渠道,充分发挥使用效益以及强化服务外包企业自身发展等措施.     

政府效率对地区承接离岸服务外包的影响

本文构建了高质量发展背景下地区政府效率对承接离岸服务外包的影响机制,并基于首批服务外包示范城市样本开展实证检验。实证研究发现:地区政府效率对承接离岸服务外包具有高度显著的"U"型非线性影响。此外,政府效率对承接离岸服务外包的影响受到地区产业结构高度化水平、基础设施建设水平和人力资源禀赋水平的调节作用,上述因素与政府效率共同对地区承接离岸服务外包的规模发挥"协同效应"。分样本回归的结果进一步揭示在不同资源禀赋的区域样本中,政府效率对承接离岸服务外包的影响具有显著的异质性。基于上述结论,本文提出如下政策启示:持续优化政府效率,进一步释放制度红利;强化产业发展、基础设施和人力资源的"协同效应";提高服务外包层次,优化服务外包结构;推动地区协调发展。     

我国服务外包业大有可为

服务外包，简而言之，就是指跨国公司将软件开发、IT技术支持、财务结算、人力资源服务等非核心业务发包给本企业以外的专业服务提供者。据介绍，由于服务外包产业具有信息技术承载度高、附加值大、资源消耗低、环境污染少、吸纳就业特别是大学生就业能力强等特点，因此对承接国来说吸引力巨大。[第一段]     

浅议承接服务外包对我国经济的影响

服务外包是当前服务业国际转移和国际服务贸易的一种新形式,它对发包和接包国家的经济发展都会产生多方面的影响,尤其对承接国的经济影响日益明显,也是我国参与国际分工的重要途径。     

国际服务外包对中国制造业生产率影响的实证研究——基于东道国的视角

本文基于东道国视角,研究了中国制造业承接国际服务外包的生产率效应.在分析跨国公司离岸外包影响东道国制造业生产率这一微观机理的基础上,本文构建了服务外包承接率指标,利用2006～2010年制造业行业面板数据,实证检验了中国承接国际外包服务对生产率的效应.Robust OLS和工具变量法的研究结果显示,中国承接国际外包服务对制造业效率具有正向影响,其中金融业和计算机信息技术服务业对制造业生产率的影响较大,运输业和其他商业服务业的制造业生产率效应较小,但均在统计上显著.     

承接服务外包的就业效应

国际服务外包对承接国产生了广泛的经济影响,就业效应就是其中最重要的影响之一.江苏省是较早发展服务外包业的省份之一,目前具有三大国家级服务外包基地.服务外包的发展增大了对劳动力的需求,缓解了就业压力,促进了产业集聚和人才集聚,产生了工资和知识技术溢出效应.我国应加快发展服务外包,充分发挥其就业效应.     

承接金融服务外包对中国就业的影响

研究以金融行业外包服务数据为样本,沿直接与间接两种影响渠道,分析承接金融服务外包对我国就业数量与就业结构的影响,对就业数量变动的流向与趋势进行测算,深入到了劳动力就业质量层面。实证结果表明,承接金融服务外包可以扩大第三产业的相对就业比重,改善知识结构,有利于就业结构与产业结构之间的平衡。但不熟练工人的金融外包业准入将受到限制,加深了他们的就业困境。如何借此机遇将大量低技术劳工培训成合格人才将成为一个严峻的挑战。研究还提出了针对这一新产业形态未来发展的总结与展望。     

印度服务外包对外政策变迁的影响及启示

文章关注印度服务外包中对外政策的变迁及其对印度服务外包发展的影响,从关税优惠、外资进入以及汇率政策三个方面比较了中印两国发展服务外包产业的对外政策,得出了印度以纵向政策导向和中国以横向政策导向的结论,并根据两者的不足之处,提出了中国在未来承接服务外包中的三点建议。     

上市公司服务外包:注册会计师面临的机遇与挑战

信息技术、财务等外包形式越来越被人们接受,人们日益关注这类服务外包对发包公司内部控制的重要影响。本文从注册会计师角度分析了上市公司服务外包对其内部控制的影响、服务机构注册会计师面临的机遇,以及发包公司注册会计师面临的挑战,并探讨了服务外包对我国的若干启示。     

中国制造业外包对劳动力需求弹性及就业的影响

研究目标：测算中国30省份的生产者责任以及消费者责任CO2排放量;各个省份的净碳转移量以及进出口隐含碳排放;测算省间的碳转出量,计算8大区域的净碳转移量,并分析了碳转移的方向。研究方法：借助投入产出表,用多区域投入产出模型测算各省份各行业的CO2排放量以及省间的碳转移量。研究发现：两种责任测算的CO2排放量差别较大;广东、上海、北京、浙江、江苏的净碳转出量最大,内蒙古、山西、河北、新疆、贵州的净碳转入量最大;东部沿海、南部沿海以及京津地区的净碳转出量最大,西北地区的净碳转入量最大。研究创新：用投入产出表结合能源平衡表测算各省份各行业的直接CO2排放量;研究了省间的碳转移。研究价值：对中国的碳减排具有一定的政策建议。     

Internationalization as a determining factor of HRM outsourcing

This paper examines the effect of company internationalization on the practice of outsourcing HRM functions in Greece. It holds the assumption that HRM outsourcing is perceived as an innovative practice and that foreign multinationals (MNCs) will use this practice more than native ones do. In doing that, the study aims at examining whether ‘diffusion’ of loosely- regulated management practices such as HRM outsourcing, is sustained by foreign multinationals. The findings of the 2000 CRANET survey are presented to show that HRM outsourcing is used to a lesser extent in Greece than other Western economies. Then the hypothesis that MNCs outsource more HRM services than Greek companies do is tested. The analysis draws upon the findings of a survey addressed to HR directors of both foreign multinationals and Greek companies. A significant difference is found in the extent of HRM outsourcing between Greek companies and foreign multinational subsidiaries. This is adequately explained through the comparison of the way HRM is conducted in Greek each type of company, as well as the segregation of the Greek market for HRM services. The paper adds to the discussion on the role of multinationals in the diffusion of innovative managerial practices, as well as to the HRM convergence–divergence debate.     

Global sourcing and quality recalls: An empirical study of outsourcing-supplier concentration-product recalls linkages

This study investigates how supply chain sourcing strategies are associated with product quality recalls. In particular, the research examines how make-or-buy decisions (i.e., outsourcing), the use of foreign suppliers (i.e., offshore outsourcing), the relocation of production to offshore markets (i.e., offshoring), and decisions to consolidate supply bases (i.e., the use of few vs. myriad suppliers) are related to product recalls. Product recalls are serious quality failures in supply chains with significant, negative impacts on firm performance. Product recalls are frequently connected to the globalization of supply chains. Globalization has, at times, promoted inconsistency in quality control and standards, leading to quality problems and failures. Data across multiple industries, with widely reported recalls, have been collected and analyzed using regression techniques. Our findings indicate that offshore outsourcing has a greater impact on recalls than offshoring without outsourcing; outsourcing domestically has the least influence. Outsourcing to a smaller supplier base may lead to fewer recalls at low levels of outsourcing. However, it may exacerbate the impact of outsourcing on recalls at high levels of outsourcing.     

非核心业务外包决策因素研究——外包市场成熟度因素的引入

本文在现有国内外研究成果的基础上,针对非核心业务外包决策中遇到的难题,综合性地提出了一个重要的决策因素——市场成熟度,并且利用因果关系图工具提出了影响外包市场成熟度的五个主要影响因素。同时,针对这些主要影响因素,提出了一些相对应的培育市场的对策。     

业务外包风险分析及其识别研究

业务外包在当今全球化的背景下发展十分迅猛。各个机构通过确定自己的产业边界将非核心业务外包给服务供应商,以此来达到节约成本,聚集资源,发展核心业务,增加核心竞争力的目的。但各机构在享受外包带来好处的同时也承受着风险。本文在文献调研和自身研究积累的基础上对外包中存在的风险进行了分析和识别,为企业在外包过程中做出正确的决策提供借鉴。     

国际软件外包发包商绩效的实证研究

软件外包在过去二十年的发展引起了国内外学者的广泛关注。本文用定量研究的方法,对国际软件外包中接包商外包绩效的影响因素做实证研究。研究结果表明,在软件外包中,交流成本与接包商的外包绩效负相关,而接包商的规模、声誉、价格优势以及专业能力都与接包商的外包绩效正相关。研究的结果有助于我们认识中国和印度软件外包发展的差距,同时从理论和管理实践上为中国的软件外包发展提出建设性意见。     

Unlocking the business outsourcing process model

Outsourcing has emerged as a prevalent business practice that is having a transformational impact on how many organizations manage their global supply chains. Despite this prominence, anecdotal reports from multiple reputable organizations suggest that many businesses fail to realize the benefits anticipated from their outsourcing initiatives. Motivated by these observations, this study investigates those management practices during the outsourcing process that are key drivers of outsourcing performance. Specifically, detailed data from 198 sourcing executives and managers responsible for outsourcing initiatives are used to investigate the influence that strategic evaluation, contractual completeness, and relationship management practices have on achieving projected outsourcing results. The results offer strong empirical evidence that outsourcing performance is significantly influenced by extensive strategic evaluation and proactive relationship management practices. Moreover, the impact strategic evaluation has on outsourcing performance is not direct, but rather is partially mediated by the relationship between the parties. Finally, the results show that contractual completeness does not distinguish between successful and unsuccessful outsourcing efforts, and can be considered qualifying activity.     

模块化与服务外包

模块化已成为服务外包产业中一种重要的发展趋势。本文比较了模块化服务外包与传统服务外包的特点，探讨了模块化背景下的服务外包产业链结构形态及服务外包产业中的治理形式及其演变。最后，从四个方面提出了模块化背景下中国服务外包产业的发展方略。     

Health Outsourcing/Backsourcing

Abstract

Since outsourcing throughout the 1980s and 1990s, many healthcare organizations are reconsidering their outsourcing decision and backsourcing. This research explores the reasons and outcomes of the outsourcing/backsourcing decision using a case study approach of two cases in Australia and Italy. Findings indicate that the outsourcing decision was cost-driven alongside a desire to increase workforce flexibility. However, backsourcing occurred due to cost increases, a lack of control and lack of workforce flexibility. On the positive side, contracting was shown to provide the host organization with the opportunity of learning from the contractor in updating skills and practices, and management techniques.     

The role of organizational control in outsourcing practices: An empirical study

Recent case study research has examined the role of organization control as a critical component of outsourcing performance (Kang et al. 2012a. Journal of Business Research 65, 1195–1201). In contrast to case study methodology, this paper aims to empirically examine the relationships among outsourcing strategies and organizational control in the Chinese context and refine the theoretical and managerial implications of the current research model. Based on data collected from 158 firms operating in China, this paper examines the impact of two types of outsourcing strategies on different organizational control measures. Our findings suggest that for efficiency-seeking outsourcing, output control and process control are appropriate in creating successful outsourcing practices. As for innovation-seeking outsourcing, social control and process control are the most effective options. Theoretical and managerial implications for strategic outsourcing are also discussed.