BOC、MBOC和CBCS三种子载波调制方式的性能分析

根据自相关函数、功率谱密度、多径误差包络和Cramer Rao跟踪误差下边界等性能指标,分析和评估了BOC、MBOC和CBCS的性能.结果表明,MBOC和CBCS的功率谱密度的两个分裂主瓣在±1.023MHz附近,保证了与BOC(1,1)的互操作性,但它们的高频分量幅度都明显高于BOC(1,1);MBOC和CBCS的自相关函数比BOC(1,1)窄;从抗多径误差能力和Cramer Rao跟踪误差下边界这两方面来比较,MBOC和CBCS的性能比BOC(1,1)好.     

GNSS信号多门延迟结构的多径抑制性能分析

多径干扰不具备空间相关性,难以通过差分方法消除,是影响全球导航卫星系统定位精度的关键因素之一。从接收机处理的导航信号受前端带宽限制以及近距离多径干扰更需抑制两个角度出发,提出了一种基于多门延迟(MGD)结构的多径干扰抑制方法,推导了带宽受限时MGD结构的多径误差的数学表达式,以加权和非加权多径误差包络面积最小作为目标函数,优化了该结构中早迟门系数,并以典型导航信号SinBOC(10,5)为例来说明该方法的性能。结果表明：对于SinBOC(10,5),该方法多径误差包络面积小于高分辨率相关器(HRC)方法至少15%;当前端带宽较大时,该方法对于较小和中等延迟的多径信号的抑制能力优于HRC方法。     

基于谱相关的CBOC信号参数盲估计

针对低信噪比下组合二进制偏移载波(CBOC)调制信号的参数盲估计问题,提出了利用谱相关对CBOC信号进行参数估计方法。首先给出了CBOC信号模型,然后根据CBOC信号的数据通道和导频通道之间有良好的正交性特点,详细推导出其谱相关函数可以化简为两个BOC信号谱相关函数的叠加,最后根据CBOC信号循环频率截面的特点进行峰值检索后,实现对伪码速率、载频速率和副载波速率的盲估计。推导结果和计算机仿真分析表明,该方法可以实现在低信噪比下对伪码速率、载频速率和副载波速率的有效估计。     

现代化的GPS新民用信号L1C码跟踪性能分析

由于目前L1频段的拥挤性和GPS L1C调制方式MBOC(6,1,1/11)的复杂性,系统内和系统间干扰不可避免,并且这些干扰对码跟踪性能的影响不能简单地等价为白噪声进行分析.针对这一特点,提出一种可用于非白色干扰环境下码跟踪精度分析的方法,并用该方法对比分析了GPS L1C、GPS L1C/A码在无干扰和干扰情况下的跟踪性能.分析结果表明:L1C码跟踪精度可比L1C/A提高50%～150%;最坏情况下,同频带导航信号的干扰可导致L1C跟踪误差增加30%.分析过程和分析结果可为接收机设计和兼容性评估提供参考.     

现代化的GPS新民用信号LIC码跟踪性能分析

由于目前L1频段的拥挤性和GPSL1C调制方式MBOC（6,1,1／11）的复杂性,系统内和系统间干扰不可避免,并且这些干扰对码跟踪性能的影响不能简单地等价为白噪声进行分析。针对这一特点,提出一种可用于非白色干扰环境下码跟踪精度分析的方法,并用该方法对比分析了GPSL1C、GPSL1C／A码在无干扰和干扰情况下的跟踪性能。分析结果表明：L1C码跟踪精度可比L1C／A提高50％～150％;最坏情况下,同频带导航信号的干扰可导致L1C跟踪误差增加30％。分析过程和分析结果可为接收机设计和兼容性评估提供参考。     

二阶跟踪环路的计算和最佳接收机的设计

本文介绍宇宙通信二进制编码数据检测用的最佳接收机的设计。分析包括两个主要部分:第一,具有超前-滞后环路滤波器的二阶锁相环路相位误差分布ρ(φ)的计算, F(S)=(1 т_2S)/(1 т_1S);第二,能够检测数据信号的最佳判断单元的设计。佛克一普兰克方法是唯一可用于推导相位误差分布的方法。相位误差分布是表示最佳判断函数的重要公式。为了设计最佳判断电路,使误差总概率最小,必须完成相似系数的测试。所得的主要结果是:(1)ρ(φ)取决于噪声功率频谱高度,而不取决于噪声带宽;(2)甚至在较小的φ值时采用调制也使ρ(φ)值减小;(3)当不存在调制时,时间常数т_1不影响ρ(φ);(4)时间常数т_2必须适当地选择,使т_2《1和т_2《т_1;(5)对于跟踪用途,E≤0.15和E《D〔参看(11)〕;(6)最佳接收机结构示于图6。     

Galileo系统L1P与L1F信号间干扰的分析

在L1频段上,Galileo系统的授权服务信号L1P和开放服务信号L1F共用中心频点1 575.42 MHz,它们的功率谱部分重叠,相互之间存在干扰。通过仿真研究L1P和L1F信号间的 干扰,对它们的干扰系数、载噪比衰减值进行了详细分析,找出了决定这两种信号间干扰大 小的主 要因素。仿真结果显示,L1P信号受到来自于L1F信号的最大干扰为0.002 dB,来自于CD MA干 扰的最大值为0.26 dB;L1F受到来自于L1P信号的最大干扰几乎为0 dB,来自于CD MA干扰的最 大值为0.604 dB。这表明,CDMA干扰是主要干扰源,L1P和L1F信号间的干扰可以忽略。 这主 要受益于L1P信号采用余弦相位的BOC调制,L1F信号采用CBOC调制,使这两个信号的功率谱 重叠部分大大减少,从而干扰系数很小,大大减小了它们间的干扰。     

基于最小均方误差的8PSK解调算法

在EDGE(Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution)移动通信系统中,提出了一种基于最小均 方误差的自适应8PSK均衡解调算法。 利用基于最小均方误差的自适应滤波器,根据突发中已知的训练序列,可快速准确地估计出 系统信道参数,然后通过判决反馈均衡消除多径信道对接收信号的干扰,从而保证系统的性 能。仿真结果表明,在各种多径信道模型下,该算法均可快速收敛,利用系统的26个训练序 列准确估计出系统信道参数,并实现均衡和解调;在信噪比为8～10 dB时,通过标准规 定 的MCS-5信道编解码后,系统的误码率就已经小于10－4,完全符合标准要求 ,是一种简单实用的算法,便于硬件实现。     

60 GHz芯片间无线互连系统的MMSE-RAKE接收机误码性能分析

针对60 GHz芯片间无线互连信道中存在的多径衰落问题,将匹配滤波器和最小均方误差算法应用到60 GHz脉冲通信系统,重点分析多径信道下采用最小均方误差合并算法的RAKE接收机的误码性能。在IEEE 802.15.3c信道模型的基础上,对采用不同合并方式、不同干扰用户数目下的RAKE接收机误码性能进行了研究。仿真结果表明,随着干扰芯片数量的增加,引入匹配滤波器和最小均方误差算法的RAKE接收机不仅降低了接收机的采样率,而且有效提高了系统抗多用户干扰的能力,为芯片间无线互连系统的RAKE接收机设计提供了技术参考。     

ACM技术在卫星通信IP网互联中的应用

自适应编码调制(ACM)技术根据信噪比自适应改变编码和调制方式,可将链路余量自动转换为链路传输能力,从而提高无线信道的频谱利用率。为解决卫星通信中IP化传输对电路带宽需求增加的问题,提出了应用自适应编码调制技术进行IP网互联的方案,通过对DVB-S2_ACM与VersaFEC_ACM两种不同技术的性能比较,分析了VersaFEC_ACM技术在岸船卫星通信IP网互联中应用的可行性及工作过程。链路计算与性能比较结果表明,该技术的应用可使岸船间原有的1 024 kb/s电路带宽利用率提高95%,同时抗信道衰落的余量提高6 dB,能够提高卫星通信资源利用率和系统可用度。研究结果可为后续工程应用提供参考。     

美国国际贸易法院判定美国商务部对河北兴茂轮胎有限公司非公路用轮胎“双反”措施不当案评述

美国进口商和中国出口商不满美国商务部对来自中国的某些非公路用轮胎实施反倾销和反补贴税的裁定,向美国国际贸易法院提出起诉。美国国际贸易法院裁定,美国法律没有明确规定反倾销税法是否可适用于非市场经济国家;本案中美国商务部做的"双反"裁定,在方法上不合理。本文在介绍该案的基本案情、归纳法院推理和判决的基础上,对该案涉及的法律问题做了简要评论。     

How do economic,cultural, and global-connectedness distances moderate the effect of customers’ experiences on their intention to revisit non-indigenous restaurants? Evidence from Korean restaurants

In this study, we evaluate how the effect of customers' experiences on revisit intention for non-indigenous restaurants can be moderated by economic distance (ED), cultural distance (CD) and global-connectedness distance (GD) between the country of origin for a given non-indigenous restaurant and the customer’s resident country. Surveys were conducted in seven countries across three continents, and the levels of ED, CD and GD between Korea and the seven countries were used as moderators. The findings suggest that the types of food and staff are two elements that should be emphasized in countries that are relatively close to Korea. Conversely, elements like the atmosphere of the restaurant and word of mouth should be emphasized in countries that have greater distances from Korea. Of the three distances considered in the study, GD had the strongest moderating effect on the relationship between customers’ experiences and their intentions to return to the restaurant. As a whole, the results imply that ED, CD and GD are important points of reference when considering prior experience while selecting a target country based on the strength of the restaurant’s experience management.     

The political market for immigration restrictions: Model and test

This paper addresses the important question of whether public investment spending on economic infrastructure enhances economic growth in Mexico. It estimates a Cobb-Douglas production function that includes public infrastructure capital. Using cointegration analysis, the paper estimates a vector error correction model (VECM) for the 1995?–?99 period. The results suggest that there is a long-term stable relationship among the variables included in the VECM. The evidence also indicates that both public infrastructure spending and private capital formation have a positive and highly significant effect on the rate of output growth. Finally, the impulse response functions (IRF) and the variance decompositions (VDC) of the endogenous variables in the VECM suggest that the response of private capital to public infrastructure is positive while the reverse causation is not affirmed. From a policy standpoint, the findings call into question stabilization policies that disproportionately reduce public infrastructure to meet targeted reductions in the fiscal deficit (JEL, O1, O47, O54).     

PTE,innovation capital and firm value interactions in the biotech medical industry

Unlike previous studies which only focus on the main effect between IC and FV, this research includes PTE with the gap of resource-based view. IC is a key element in creating a competitive advantage, as it has a great influence on FV. A company may put relatively less into IC if it demonstrates higher efficiency. However, previous studies have neglected the fact that relative efficiency and IC affect FV and stock returns directly and indirectly. The research period was from 2006 to 2010 and the main research methods include HRA and DEA. The main research findings include the following. (1) There is a space for improvement in terms of the total technical efficiency. (2) PTE has a significant moderating effect between IC and FV. (3) IC and PTE have a significant influence on FV. (4) Apart from PTE and stock returns, IC and FV show significant differences within the sub-industry.     

基于风险调整收益方法的企业信用风险管理研究

文章根据风险调整收益（RAROC）的原理,借鉴J.P.摩根的信用计量CreditMetrics模型中信用等级转移的思想,构建了应收账款回收期内受信企业信用状况转移矩阵,并据此计算出企业信用VaR值和经济资本CaR值,进而计算RAROC比值,可为企业信用销售决策提供依据。通过将RAROC方法引入企业信用风险管理体系,可以对企业经营活动进行基于风险的绩效考核和业绩评价,以期提高企业信用风险管理水平。     

高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定粉质化妆品中的六价铬

采用高效液相色谱（HPLC）与电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）联用技术,建立了粉质化妆品中六价铬的测定方法。样品经0.05 mol/L氢氧化纳溶液超声振荡提取;HPLC采用Hypersil GOLD C18柱分离,以5%（v/v）甲醇-2 mmol/L四丁基硫酸氢铵水溶液（pH 4.0）作为流动相;ICP-MS测定选用碰撞池技术以消除40Ar12C对52Cr的谱学干扰。方法学研究结果表明,添加水平为0.040-2.000 mg/kg时,回收率为77.5%-107.5%,相对标准偏差（RSD）小于10%。     

供应链和虚拟企业:比较及转化

供应链管理和虚拟企业是已经在世界范围所采用的概念。这些概念包括一系列管理、组织和技术问题,公司为了提高竞争能力,开拓市场机遇,建立合作联盟。供应链管理是一种集成的管理思想,从战略上整体地整合供应商和顾客。虚拟企业是一种动态的临时组织形式,不同的企业为了开拓商业机遇而通过合作弥补自身竞争力的不足。虽然他们有各自的特点,但是也有共同点。     

Is the cure worse than the disease? The effect of emerging market MNEs on host country corruption

In recent years, there has been an exponential increase in the amount of foreign investment by emerging market multinational enterprises (EMNEs). While it has been debated whether EMNEs strengthen or weaken the institutions in host countries they invest in, the literature has paid limited attention to how EMNE investment impacts corruption in other emerging markets, one of the most significant destinations of EMNEs. Following Hoskisson et al. (2013), we categorize two types of emerging markets as targets of EMNE investment, a) low-income emerging markets and b) middle-income emerging markets, based on their institutional and market development. Building on the theory of firm-specific advantages (FSAs) and the institutional advantage (IA) of EMNEs, we reason that EMNEs enter foreign markets in accordance to where their skills and competencies can be effectively utilized, and this impacts corruption in the host country. We make two key arguments: (1) EMNEs predominantly use their IA in low-income emerging markets, which in the long term increases corruption in the host market, and (2) EMNEs predominantly use their FSAs to gain competitive advantage in middle-income emerging markets, which decreases corruption in the host market. Empirical analysis of Chinese outward FDI from the 2008-2018 period supports our hypotheses. Our research contributes to both the literature on EMNEs and corruption.     

Why Consumers in Developing Countries Prefer Foreign Brands: A Study of Japanese Brands in Vietnam

ABSTRACT

Building on social-identity theory, the research develops a model for understanding of the impact of consumer identification with a nation on consumers' brand evaluations. It posits that developing-country consumers' identification with a foreign (developed) nation influences three factors—consumer-based brand equity, consumer-based country image, and consumer-based brand credibility. The research was informed by data from 400 Vietnamese consumers in relation to two Japanese brands Sony and Honda and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings show that Vietnamese (developing-country) consumers prefer Japanese (developed-country) brands over domestic brands, when these consumers identify with the developed nation.     

认知FrFT域通信系统及其抗干扰性能分析

为了增强无线通信系统的抗干扰能力,设计了一种认知FrFT(分数傅里叶变换)域通信系统（ CFrFTDCS ）,在变换域通信系统中采用分数傅里叶变换,并与认知无线电技术结合,给出了系统的结 构框图和工作原理,分析了系统的抗干扰性能。计算机仿真结果表明,CFrFTDCS具有较强的 抗 干扰能力,针对单音干扰、窄带干扰和Chirp干扰,CFrFTDCS的平均误码率性能比直接序列 扩频（DSSS）通信系统分别改善了约15.70 dB、13.29 dB和13.79 dB,比传统 的变换域通信系统（TDCS）分别改善了约0.18 dB、0.23 dB和3.63 dB。