移动IP与MPLS的融合方案

在介绍移动IP技术和MPLS技术特点的基础上，提出了移动IP与MPLS的融事方案。利用MPLS的标记交换代替传统的IP转发，能降低传输开，提高移动IP的可扩展性，同时为MPLS提供移动性支持。     

GSM及GPRS网络安全策略研究

GSM以及通过连接IP数据网扩展的无线分组业务网GPRS,其安全性能受到无线接入方式、网络结构与移动终端的制约。在分析现有GSM和GPRS网络结构的基础上,对移动通信网采用的安全策略进行一定的探讨。     

蜂窝IP技术概述

本文首先介绍蜂窝JP技术的协议机制,接着详细分析其路由、切换和寻呼等关键技术,并通过性能分析,证明蜂窝IP技术能很好地利用Mobile IP的全局移动性支持和蜂窝系统的移动切换等功能,支持频繁切换下的高速分组数据传输,适应下一代无线分组数据通信发展的需要。     

IPv6路由技术研究

为了支持lnternet移动设备,IETF(互联网工程任务组)制定了相应的协议一移动IP、它有两个版本,一个是基于IPV4的移动IPv4,另一个是基于IPv6的移动IPv6,本文主要探讨了IPv6路由技术的相关问题.     

2016年泛娱乐产业大格局

一、泛娱乐概念的产生及含义泛娱乐,指的是基于互联网与移动互联网的多领域共生,打造明星IP（intellectual property,知识产权）的粉丝经济,其核心是IP,可以是一个故事、一个角色或者其他任何大量用户喜爱的事物。从表现形式来看,IP可存在于多种文化产品。说到泛娱乐,就不得不提及近几年我国文化娱乐产业的爆发式增长。     

基于IP分布式MSC的CDMA2000系统A接口设计与实现

针对传统集中式移动交换中心(MSC)容量小、安全性低、不易扩展的不足,基于IP技术和软交换技术,提出了一种分布式MSC架构.在此架构下对A接口协议进行了分析并给出了基于IP的实现方案:兼顾TCP的可靠性和UDP的简洁性定义了承载A接口中的信令和业务的一个增强性UDP协议(EUDP).此外,也描述了分布式MSC负荷分担的选择原则:轮选、处理最近和资源最近;最后以8 kbit/s语音业务为例,对基于IP传输语音业务的带宽需求进行了简单分析.实践表明,该方案不仅提高了系统的经济性,也改善了网络容量扩展和新业务提供的灵活性.     

Ad Hoc网络在西部地区商场组网的研究

Ad hoc网络是一种没有有线基础设施支持的移动网络。本文阐述Ad hoc网络的节点结构,比较了几种典型的网络结构,介绍了Ad hoc网络的特点及移动IP和Ad Hoc网络的结合。并且商场组网的对管理Ad Hoc网络面临的问题进行了一些探讨。     

探讨IP承载的移动软交换核心网组网技术

本文主要分析了IP承载的移动软交换技术特点,并对IP承载的移动软交换核心网组网技术进行了论述,以供同仁参考.     

基于OSPF的单播路由技术在GPON系统中的应用

GPON系统的高带宽和双向光通信特性能够很好地支持数据业务。设计了GPON系统中基于OSPF的单播路由技术实现方案．该设计承接了OLT和ONU上的IP数据流功能，充分利用GPON双向光通信特性，使PON口下的IP用户可以和网络双向通信，支持IP化的数据业务。     

移动IP技术浅议

当今世界,INTERNET规模正以惊人的速度不断扩大,随着人们对网络依赖性的增加,越来越多的移动用户都希望能够随时随地的访问INTERNET资源,因此,移动IP技术成为业界研究的重点。一、重要概念1.移动代理(MOBILITYAGENT)移动代理分归属代理(HOMEAGENT)和外区代理(FOREIGNAGENT)两类,它们是移动的IP服务器或路由器,能知道移动节点实际连接在何处。其中,归属代理是归属网上的移动IP代理,它至少有一个接口在归属网上。其责任是当移动节点离开归属网,连至某一外区网时,接收发往移动节点的数据包,并使用隧道技术将这些数据包…     

Employee References: Between the Legal Devil and the Ethical Deep Blue Sea

An employer asked to provide a reference for a former or departing employee is confronted with a number of complex legal and ethical concerns. The issue of references is always controversial, involving a balance of employers' fears of legal liability, interests in providing relevant information to prospective employers, and concerns for fairness to former employees. Recently this topic has been the focus of new attention as the result of a court decision holding a former employer legally liable for wrongs committed by a former employee in a new job. In that case, the former employer had provided a positive reference while neglecting to note certain negative aspects of the former employee'sperformance. This paper addresses legal and ethical aspects of the reference dilemma and incorporates responses of human resource professionals to the question of ethical reference policies and practices.     

Revisiting the Concept of a Societal Orientation: Conceptualization and Delineation

Marketers have traditionally evaluated products and practices on the basis of whether something could be sold. It is also important to evaluate products and practices from a societal perspective, “Should a product be sold?” The first idea reflects a managerial orientation and what must be done to sell a product; the second idea reflects a societal orientation and the impact of selling a product. In relation to the second idea, the societal marketing concept was introduced in 1972. There has been little advancement in our understanding of a societal orientation since that time. The current study presents a conceptualization of a societal orientation based on a review of literature and qualitative interviews. The construct was conceptualized as “attention to the long-term well-being of individuals and society at large by enhancing positive impacts from and reducing negative effects associated with production and consumption of a product.” Five domains comprising a societal orientation are proposed: physical consequences, psychological well-being, social relationships, economic contribution, and environmental consciousness.     

CONVEX RISK MEASURES FOR GOOD DEAL BOUNDS

We study convex risk measures describing the upper and lower bounds of a good deal bound, which is a subinterval of a no‐arbitrage pricing bound. We call such a convex risk measure a good deal valuation and give a set of equivalent conditions for its existence in terms of market. A good deal valuation is characterized by several equivalent properties and in particular, we see that a convex risk measure is a good deal valuation only if it is given as a risk indifference price. An application to shortfall risk measure is given. In addition, we show that the no‐free‐lunch (NFL) condition is equivalent to the existence of a relevant convex risk measure, which is a good deal valuation. The relevance turns out to be a condition for a good deal valuation to be reasonable. Further, we investigate conditions under which any good deal valuation is relevant.     

Inter-firm R&D collaboration within and across national borders

We set up a model to investigate the strategic aspect of a firm's incentive to collaborate in cost-reducing R&D with either a local or a foreign partner. We argue that collaboration with a foreign firm is preferred to collaboration with a local firm if the extra profits generated by a foreign collaboration exceed the additional cost of coordinating collaboration across national borders. We show that foreign collaboration is more likely the bigger the home market size of the foreign firm and, given certain conditions, the higher the international trade cost. We also show that whenever a foreign collaboration arises in equilibrium, it is efficient (i.e., world-welfare-maximising) and that there are cases where (a) a foreign collaboration would be efficient but a local collaboration emerges in equilibrium, and (b) an efficient foreign collaboration emerges in equilibrium, but one of the countries would prefer a local collaboration. We briefly consider the policy implications of these findings.     

Fear Of Missing Out Scale: A self-concept perspective

Fear of missing out (FOMO) is an emerging topic in consumer psychology. However, the theoretical foundations of FOMO are underdeveloped and extant FOMO scales confine the construct to the context of social media. Without a theoretical foundation and a new FOMO scale, the future development of research on this promising phenomenon is limited. This article provides a new conceptualization of FOMO and a new FOMO scale. Using self-concept theory, the authors propose that FOMO is an emotional response to perceived psychological threats to one's self-concept. Because the self-concept involves a private and a public self, FOMO involves two dimensions: a personal FOMO and a social FOMO. Accordingly, a new scale was developed. The results of four studies support the validity and reliability of the two-dimensional scale. This new conceptualization and scale will enable consumer researchers to examine FOMO in a broader set of contexts, test the relationship between FOMO and related constructs, and develop a nomological network around the construct.     

赌场豪华竞赛:产业两栖性制造的市场失败

赌场业是一种兼有服务业和金融业双重性质的产业.作为服务业,赌场的豪华程度以及与之相联系的服务产品质量的差异对于赌客是有意义的,在价格一律的条件下激励赌客由低档小赌场向高档大赌场流动.作为金融业,赌博价格是一个投资(赌博)回报率的概念,它无法作为反映赌场豪华程度和服务质量价差的价格杠杆作用.这导致了赌场业的有质差无价差的现象,进而赋予了豪华大赌场较之简陋小赌场的竞争优势,进而导致了在赌场建设上的豪华竞赛以及与此竞赛相联系的资源浪费和市场失败.文章研究和分析了由赌业的两栖性所导致和推动的赌场间豪华竞赛的经济动因和机理,进一步指出澳门赌业的发展,不能自由放任.     

Why should I believe this? Deciphering the qualities of a credible online customer review

Online customer reviews have been shown to have a powerful impact on the sales of a given product or service. However, the qualities of a ‘credible’ online customer review are still subject to debate. Existing research has highlighted the potential influence of a range of factors on the credibility of an online customer review, but relies heavily on quantitative methods and a ‘top down’ approach. In turn, this can reduce our understanding of the influence of these factors into merely discerning whether one pre-determined factor is more influential than another is. This paper adopted a ‘bottom up’ thematic analysis of individual qualitative interviews with a purposeful sample of consumers who regularly utilised online customer reviews. The findings uncovered a range of factors that influenced the credibility of an online customer review that were attached to a reader’s personal experience and to the content of a specific review, and inferred the existence of a reciprocal relationship between the constructs of review helpfulness and review credibility.     

An Empirical Study on Bud(g)etary Slack,Operational Efficiency, and Transfer Value

Budgetary slack directly impairs a firm’s budgetary management. Budgetary slack at a firm’s business unit level makes the firm level budget like a building on sand. However, it is difficult to detect the existence and to evaluate the extent of budgetary slack at a firm’s business unit level. Starting with the five-year historical data of a service delivery center in a U.S. Fortune 500 firm, this research develops a comprehensive approach for probing and assessing the budgetary slack in a firm’s business units. The approach leverages operational efficiencies and transfer values of business units of a firm’s internal transfer system. It also contributes to evaluating the rationale of the budget of a firm’s business unit in the budgetary approval process.     

Bond Market Structure in the Presence of Marked Point Processes

We investigate the term structure of zero coupon bonds when interest rates are driven by a general marked point process as well as by a Wiener process. Developing a theory that allows for measure–valued trading portfolios, we study existence and uniqueness of a martingale measure. We also study completeness and its relation to the uniqueness of a martingale measure. For the case of a finite jump spectrum we give a fairly general completeness result and for a Wiener–Poisson model we prove the existence of a time–independent set of basic bonds. We also give sufficient conditions for the existence of an affine term structure.     

Competition in Markets and Competition for Markets

This paper builds on a distinction that is sometimes made between competition in a market and competition for a market. Competition for a market refers to the struggle to create a new market, or to erect a new standard, and it is usually associated with the process of innovation that brings new displacing technologies to market. Competition in a market is the conventional view of competition, and concentrates on the actions of incumbents and imitative entrants in well-established markets. The paper reviews some of the issues that competition for markets raises for anti-trust policy makers, and then asks whether competition for a market is a perfect substitute for competition in a market.