从中小银行与中小企业依存关系看中小银企共赢

中小银行是一个相对的、发展的概念,不同国家或同一国家在不同时期对中小银行的界定都各有不同。本文中的中小银行是指在宏观调控能力、资产负债规模、信用担保体系、网络覆盖范围、机构整体机能以及服务手段、社会地位等方面都明显低于国有大银行和全国性股份制商业银行的区域性股份制商业银行、城市商业银行、城乡信用合作社等。     

欧美中小银行的发展及对中国城市商业银行改革的启示

本文通过对欧美中小银行,特别是美国社区银行(属中小银行)在银行体系中的作用、绩效、特色和发展趋势的分析,总结了欧美中小银行的发展经验与教训,并结合当前中国城市商业银行的改革现状,探讨了中国城市商业银行应从欧美社区银行发展中得到的主要启示。     

我国城市商业银行发展研究——基于英国房屋互助协会为代表的中小银行经验分析

英国房屋互助协会与我国城市商业银行发展历程、市场规模、功能定位、业务范围、经营模式非常相似,并且两者同属于中小商业银行范畴。本文通过阐述我国城市商业银行当前存在的问题,概述以英国房屋互助协会为代表的中小银行在英国金融发展中所扮演的角色和作用,分析我国城商行借鉴英国中小银行发展的可行性、必要性,最后对我国城市商业银行发展提出对策建议。     

中小银行的生存空间与突破

即将全面开放的市场环境无疑给中国的城市商业银行、农村商业银行与农村合作银行等中小银行带来巨大的压力。可幸的是,部分城市商业银行经过十余年的历练,已在日趋激烈的竞争市场上站稳了脚跟,形成了一定的比较优势和核心竞争能力,在农村信用社改革中新生的农村商业银行与农村合作银行则呈现出勃勃生机与无限活力。但是,规模较小、资本实力有限以及创新能力不强的中小银行能否顶得住全面开放的冲击?这类银行将如何进行经营创新,扩展竞争能力,赢得生存和发展空间?以“中小银行的生存空间与突破”为主题的中小银行论坛作为中国银行家论坛’2006的分论坛之一,邀请处于不同竞争地位的中小银行的高管,特别是那些从激烈竞争中脱颖而出的中小银行的高管们,共同探求求生存、谋发展的有效路径。     

中小银行发展现状、方向及对策建议

以城市商业银行、农村商业银行为代表的中小银行作为银行业重要组成部分和改革生力军,在支持地方经济发展方面取得了不错成绩。但随着经济步入“三期叠加”共振的阵痛期以及严监管政策的高压态势,中小银行所面临的风险有所增加。本文探讨了中小银行经营现状及问题,认为中小银行可从坚守定位、调整结构、防控风险和深化改革等方面积极转型,谋求自身的高质量发展,并针对防范化解中小银行风险提出了对策建议。     

中小城市商业银行的信用卡市场发展策略

在大银行纷纷圈地的同时，一批中小银行也在信用卡市场大潮中抓住机遇、悄然崛起。这些中小银行，尤其是城市商业银行，由于自身的特点，在信用卡业务的推广和发展上走出了一条和大商业银行迥然不同的模式和路子。     

简论城市商业银行跨区经营的风险管制

一、城市商业银行跨区经营现状 城市商业银行以服务于中小企业为主体,以此满足中小企业融资需求的银行。2007年,银监会允许并鼓励符合条件的城市商业银行可以进行跨区经营发展,中小银行由此冲破了省域和市域上的区域限制,增设网点,扩大了服务范围。伴随新的市场规模的扩张,     

我国中小银行成长性综合评价研究

通过构建商业银行成长性评价体系,利用突变级数法对14家中小银行2007～2010年的成长性进行评价,得出中小银行具有振荡向上的成长趋势,且股份制银行整体成长性优于城市商业银行,但对于影响成长性的各因素,银行间的表现不尽相同。这表明中小银行还需调整经营管理思路来保证成长的稳健和持续。     

存款利率市场化背景下中小银行存款定价策略选择——基于博弈论视角

2012年6月8日,央行宣布扩大存贷款利率浮动区间,存款利率首次允许上浮,这标志着存款利率市场化进程加快。在此背景下,以城市商业银行为代表的中小银行会怎样进行存款定价决策,怎样转变经营方式以求在激烈竞争的金融市场中取得发展,这些问题亟待研究和解决。本文运用博弈论的方法分析以Q银行为代表的中小银行的存款定价方法,并分析利率市场化对中小银行经营可能产生的影响,进而研究中小银行优化转变经营方式的路径。     

分论坛二:中小银行的发展与转型

中小银行经过这几年的快速发展,已经成为中国银行业不可忽视的力量,越来越引人注目。特别是三家城商行上市之后,越来越多的银行也朝着上市的目标奋进。不少城商行已经在跨区域经营上取得了突破性进展,正朝着区域性银行甚至全国性银行的目标迈进。城市商业银行当中服务中小企业贷款的很多模式甚至成为大银行学习的标杆。在此,围绕着中小银行的战略定位、中小银行的发展经营、中小银行的产品创新、中小银行的服务流程创新等诸多大家感兴趣的问题进行交流,为同行提供一个宽松的交流平台,对大家困惑的问题进行讨论。     

美英两国的政府绩效考评

绩效考评实践美国法律依据。美国政府绩效考评的法律依据是1993年美国第103届国会颁布的《政府绩效与结果法案》,该法案要求每个联邦机构必须报告为期5年的战略规划和每年的绩效情况。自20世纪90年代,美国国会相继通过一揽子设计联邦政府绩效管理的法案,主要涉及联邦政府三个关键领域:财务管理、信息技术与财政控制。在财务管理方面的立法,主要有《首席财务官法案》、《政府管理改革法案》     

The Amount and Timing of Goodwill Write-Offs and Revaluations: Evidence from U.S. and U.K. Firms

This paper investigates criticisms that U.S. GAAP had given firms too much discretion in determining the amount and timing of goodwill write-offs. Using 1,576 U.S. and 563 U.K. acquisitions, we find little evidence that U.S. firms managed the amount of goodwill write-off or that U.K. firms managed the amount of revaluations (write-ups of intangible assets). However, our results are consistent with U.S. firms delaying goodwill write-offs and U.K. firms timing revaluations strategically to avoid shareholder approval linked to certain financial ratios.     

Transfer Pricing Practices and Regulatory Actions in the U.S. and U.K.: A Cross-Country Comparison and Analysis

With the continued globalization of world markets, transfer pricing has become one of the dominant sources of controversy in international taxation. Cross-country differences in transfer pricing practices and regulations present challenges to taxing authorities and multinational enterprises (MEs). In the last two decades, tax authorities in the United States (U.S.) and other countries have brought major court cases against MEs accused of underpayment of taxes through transfer pricing practices. This paper discusses transfer pricing practices, regulatory agencies, penalties related to violations, and proper documentation required in the U.S. and one of its major trading partners, the United Kingdom (U.K.). The paper also examines the acceptable valuation methods allowed as a surrogate for arm's-length transactions as established by the country's regulatory agency. Finally, the paper discusses the similarities and differences between the major court cases related to transfer pricing in the two countries.     

美国“管理层讨论与分析”及对我国的借鉴

良好的公司治理结构是管理层诚实尽责披露信息的内在保证。对管理层己知的趋势和不确定性信息披露出现的问题，表面上是由于规则的漏洞，根源则在于公司治理不佳和诚信程度不高。……     

美国证监会和小企业—小企业筹资及相应联邦证券法规指南

解答小企业疑问的几条途径 SEC试图通过它(所制定)的规则和监管来满足小企业的要求。它也会通过电话、信件或者电子邮件来回答小企业的问题，提供非正式的指导。SEC提供了很多渠道，以方便小企业……     

Foreign holdings of U.S. Treasuries and U.S. Treasury yields

Foreign official holdings of U.S. Treasuries increased from $400 billion in January 1994 to about $3 trillion in June 2010. Most of this growth is accounted for by a handful of emerging market economies that have been running large current account surpluses. These countries are channeling their savings through the official sector, which is then acquiring foreign exchange reserves. Any shift in policy to reduce their current account surpluses or dampen the rate of reserves accumulation would likely slow the pace of foreign official purchases of U.S. Treasuries. Would such a slowing of foreign official purchases of Treasury notes and bonds affect long-term Treasury yields? Most likely yes, and the effects appear to be large. By our estimates, if foreign official inflows into U.S. Treasuries were to decrease in a given month by $100 billion, 5-year Treasury rates would rise by about 40–60 basis points in the short run. But once we allow foreign private investors to react to the yield change induced by the shock to foreign official inflows, the long-run effect is about 20 basis points.     

Contracts valuation assessment noise and cross-border listing of equities on U.S. and U.K. stock markets

This study develops and tests the hypothesis that firms in the home country have capital market incentives to cross-border list on foreign stock exchanges that have similar financial reporting with local generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). Non-U.S. firms' contracts and the underlying GAAP are based on the home-country culture and institutional climates. This connection with culture and institution makes the local GAAP's assessment of the contracts less spurious relative to foreign GAAP. Ball et al. [J. Account. Econ. 29 (2000) 1] note that contracting with stakeholders in the home markets is based on local GAAP's numbers, while cross-border listing provides settings in which the value relevance of local GAAP-based contracts is assessed based on foreign GAAP. Therefore, foreign investors' assessment of the contracts using foreign stock exchange GAAP or mindset of foreign GAAP is likely to result in an assessment noise, which is value irrelevant. The level of assessment noise depends on the differences between foreign and local GAAP. Because of the valuation implications of the assessment noise, we expect cross-border listing to diminish as the likelihood of assessment noise increases.As predicted, we find that assessment noise undermines cross-border listing on U.S. stock exchanges. Because U.S. and local GAAPs are based on different cultural and institutional environments, assessment noise arises if U.S. investors use the mindset of U.S. GAAP financial reports to assess local GAAP-based contracts of cross-border firms. The results are robust in the London Stock Exchange in which assessment noise is induced by interpreting local GAAP contracts as if they were based on U.K. GAAP. As expected, the influences of assessment noise on cross-border listings are more robust in the United States than in the United Kingdom. Our results suggest that harmonization of financial reporting is critical in attenuating the influences of assessment noise on global capital market developments.