上市银行高管人力资本存量与薪酬水平相关性研究

近年来,上市银行高管薪酬备受社会各界关注。通过对沪深两市上市银行2006年至2009年数据进行分析,结果显示:上市银行高管年龄与高管薪酬之间存在显著的正相关关系;高管任期和高管学历对上市银行高管薪酬不具有解释力;上市银行高管薪酬与业绩呈正相关关系,但相关性不显著;银行规模对高管薪酬具有显著的正向影响。可见,高管人力资本水平和公司绩效能够在一定程度上解释上市银行高管薪酬,但解释力度较弱。     

“限薪”后央企高管薪酬与企业业绩的相关性

2009年9月16日,国务院六部委联合下发了《关于进一步规范中央企业负责人薪酬管理的指导意见》(简称"限薪令"),以规范央企高管薪酬中存在的问题。基于此,本文实证检验了该法规对央企高管薪酬与企业业绩、相对业绩之间关系的影响。研究发现":限薪令"对高管薪酬有影响,我国央企高管薪酬与企业业绩呈正相关关系;在以行业为参照对象后,无法得到央企上市公司在设置高管薪酬时使用行业相对业绩的证据;同时,不同行业间的高管薪酬与企业业绩的相关性不同。另外,"限薪令"的效用具有短期性,不能从根本上解决高管薪酬激励问题。     

高管薪酬与公司业绩敏感性的影响因素——来自中国A股上市公司的经验证据

当前上市公司业绩与管理者薪酬之间相关系数偏低,敏感性不强,说明企业的薪酬激励政策并没有给管理层以足够的激励,因此可能存在影响这种关系的第三方因素。文章以2003年~2009年A股上市公司为样本,引入第三方因素对高管薪酬与企业业绩之间关系进行实证分析;研究发现,无论是高管总薪酬、平均薪酬还是高管持股比例均与上市公司会计业绩显著正相关,而这种正向的薪酬—业绩关系,会随着企业规模的增大、成长性的提升而减弱,随着企业风险水平和负债水平的提升而增强。而由于市场业绩可能受到更多的非理性因素影响导致其回归结果与会计业绩的结果并不一致。     

企业扩张、激励不足与管理层在职消费

管理层获取私人收益的动机是影响企业投资决策行为的重要因素。以我国上市公司高管薪酬制度改革为背景,考察了企业扩张行为对管理层在职消费的影响及其可能引发的后果。研究发现,企业扩张与管理层在职消费显著正相关,并且随着企业扩张程度的增大,管理层在职消费占其总收益的比重提高;进一步地,当管理层货币薪酬低于同行业-规模可比公司管理层薪酬水平中位数时,管理层通过企业扩张获得的在职消费越多,并且负向的同行薪酬差距越大,企业扩张与管理层在职消费的正向关系越显著。研究结果表明,管理层通过企业扩张增加了在职消费,改变了自身的报酬结构,在避免引起公众非议及薪酬管制的同时确保了自身收益的增加及持续增长,而薪酬激励不足引发的不公平感知及攀比心理进一步增强了管理层借企业扩张获取在职消费的动机。     

金融业高管薪酬与上市公司业绩的相关性分析

本文以我国金融行业上市公司高管个人薪酬为样本,采取Bootstrap重复采样的实证方法来检验金融业企业高管薪酬与企业业绩之间的关系,实证表明:金融业企业高管薪酬与企业业绩之间的正相关关系并不显著,而企业规模是解释金融行业高管薪酬的重要因素,这说明金融业企业高管薪酬契约的有效性有待加强。     

我国上市公司高管薪酬与公司业绩相关性分析

本文考察了中国上市公司高管薪酬与业绩之间的敏感性,另对影响高管薪酬的其他因素加以分析。研究发现：公司高管薪酬与公司上年度经营业绩和本年度经营业绩均显著正相关,但高管薪酬对上年度经营业绩的敏感性要小于对本年度的经营业绩,说明高管薪酬更多的是由公司当年的经营业绩所决定;另外,高管薪酬与公司规模之间也表现出显著的正相关关系,规模越大,其高管薪酬越高;最后,我们还发现高管薪酬与公司所有权性质之间关系并不显著。     

会计稳定性与高管薪酬业绩敏感性的关系——来自中国A股上市公司的经验证据

采用我国A股上市公司2009—2011年数据,对会计稳健性与高管薪酬业绩敏感性的关系进行实证检验,结果显示：会计业绩是决定高管薪酬高低的重要因素;会计稳健性对高管薪酬业绩敏感性的调节作用并不强,这与我国上市公司高管薪酬契约设计中没有考虑会计稳健性因素有关。     

会计稳健性与高管薪酬业绩敏感性的关系——来自中国A股上市公司的经验证据

采用我国A股上市公司2009—2011年数据,对会计稳健性与高管薪酬业绩敏感性的关系进行实证检验,结果显示：会计业绩是决定高管薪酬高低的重要因素;会计稳健性对高管薪酬业绩敏感性的调节作用并不强,这与我国上市公司高管薪酬契约设计中没有考虑会计稳健性因素有关。     

金融企业高管薪酬管理研究

次贷危机引发的国际金融危机对全球经济产生了巨大冲击,从而也引发了全球对于金融企业高管薪酬的广泛关注。本文选取1999-2011年上市公司金融企业作为研究样本,对金融企业高管薪酬的影响因素进行实证研究。结果发现：金融企业高管薪酬与企业业绩、企业规模显著正相关,与不良贷款率、独立董事比例、监事会人数负相关;高管薪酬与员工薪酬之间的内部收入差距（相对薪酬）与企业经营业绩正相关关系但不显著,与金融企业资产规模正相关性但不显著,与独立董事比例显著负相关。研究结论对有效实施我国上市公司金融企业高管薪酬管理提供了政策参考。     

高管团队内薪酬差距与公司未来绩效关系研究——以广东省上市公司为个案

本文通过对广东省上市公司高管团队内薪酬差距与公司未来绩效关系的实证研究发现：高管团队内薪酬差距与公司未来年度绩效存在显著正相关关系;总经理权力、公司规模与薪酬差距对公司未来绩效有显著的负向影响;董事长、总经理两职合一公司业绩相对更好,股权集中度与公司当期绩效有微正向关系。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Introduction of New Technology with a Sound Transition of the Input-Output Structure

We examine the general equilibrium repercussions associated with the introduction of new technologies, using the generalized Leontief system that allows technological substitutions. We show that an untested introduction of cost-increasing technologies in any industry may result in creating a non-productive technological structure that does not satisfy the Hawkins-Simon condition, following the autonomous dynamic adjustment process with structural transitions in the economic system. Therefore, we propose a practicable control scheme of introducing cost-increasing technologies that strictly avoids the creation of non-productive structures in all periods of structural transition, using the available information on the ex ante technological structure.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.