特殊普通合伙制会计师事务所合伙人及其与非合伙人之间民事责任的配置研究

文章基于各国普遍遵循的证券法律法规,对特殊普通合伙制会计师事务所内部最主要的利益相关者——执业合伙人与监管合伙人,项目合伙人与其管理的签字注册会计师和其他项目组成员,项目合伙人与咨询人员、专家,项目合伙人与合伙人会议、合伙事务管理委员会、合伙事务监督委员会、各职能机构合伙人之间的民事责任的配置问题进行研究。目的是为了建立起事务所内部合理的、责权利协调一致的民事责任配置机制,从而有效遏止合伙人的造假动机,从根本上提高审计报告的供给质量。     

事务所产权性质对审计费用的影响及检验

根据中国2007年至2011年全部A股上市公司的年报数据,从理论上分析了会计师事务所产权性质对审计费用的影响,并利用Simunic模型进行了实证检验,得出了特殊普通合伙会计师事务所比有限责任会计师事务所收取了更多审计费用的结论。研究同时发现,在事务所财产规模相同的情况下,特殊普通合伙会计师事务所比有限责任会计师事务所提供了更高质量的审计服务,并且随着其财产规模的增大,将收取更高的审计费用。     

加强文化建设，做大做强本土会计师事务所

文化建设对于本土会计师事务所做大做强具有重要意义，是有效执行合伙制度、减少审计风险、形成品牌竞争力、拥有高素质员工的保障，也影响着事务所的形象塑造和发展前景。事务所文化的形成受到多重影响。事务所文化建设可分为三个层次，一是合伙人本身及合伙人之间的文化，二是合伙人与员工及员工之间的文化，三是事务所的经营管理文化。国内事务所文化建设也离不开外部力量的推动。     

中国传统文化对会计师事务所合伙文化建设的影响

我国实施会计师事务所做大做强战略,必须十分重视事务所合伙文化建设。文章以中国传统文化作为研究的立足点,简要分析归纳了中国传统文化的基本特征及对会计师事务所合伙文化建设的有利和不利因素,寻求适合我国会计师事务所合伙文化建设的方法和途径。     

关于特殊普通合伙会计师事务所的若干思考

本文论述了会计师事务所采用有限责任制与普通合伙制的缺陷,深入分析了特殊普通合伙制事务所法律责任承担问题,对如何完善特殊普通合伙制事务所进行探讨,并对未来发展趋势进行展望。     

关于特殊普通合伙会计师事务所的若干思考

本文论述了会计师事务所采用有限责任制与普通合伙制的缺陷,深入分析了特殊普通合伙制事务所法律责任承担问题,对如何完善特殊普通合伙制事务所进行探讨,并对未来发展趋势进行展望。     

论我国有限合伙企业普通合伙人的信义义务

为有效调控有限合伙企业中代理人违背诚信原则做出的逆向选择与道德风险,各国法律均在不同程度上遵循诚实信用原则,架构了普通合伙人在经营管理有限合伙企业过程中所担负的信义义务.我国《合伙企业法》虽借鉴英美法规定了有限合伙制度,但未对有限合伙中普通合伙人的信义义务做出明确规定.为弥补这方面的立法缺陷,我国法律应明确规定普通合伙人的忠实义务与善管义务,并区别规定有限合伙企业与普通合伙企业中普通合伙人的信义义务.     

特殊普通合伙制会计师事务所民事赔偿保障制度的建立和完善

特殊普通合伙制是我国大中型会计师事务所普遍采用的组织形式,特殊普通合伙制会计师事务所要想在做大做强的道路上顺利实现跨越式发展,必须建立相应的民事赔偿保障制度。包括适当提高事务所的注册资本下限,提高实物资本的比重;建立和完善职业风险基金、职业保险制度;建立事务所资产取回、成员担保制度;建立对利润分配进行适度限制的制度等。     

有限责任合伙制会计师事务所民事责任若干疑难问题研究

有限责任合伙制是西方国家大会计师事务所普遍采用的组织形式,我国政府为了加快会计师事务所的做大做强,也在采取相应措施推动大中型会计师事务所采用有限责任合伙制组织形式。而系统研究和解决有限责任合伙制会计师事务所民事责任的一些重大问题,如对故意、重大过失、过失的界定,如何把损失赔偿额在各虚假陈述行为主体之间特别是合伙人之间进行分配,以及与此相关的配套措施的建立和完善,将有助于有限责任合伙制会计师事务所的做大做强,最终实现跨越式发展。     

我国会计师事务所最佳组织形式探讨

国外会计师事务所组织形式有、独资型、合伙型、会计公司型、有限责任合伙型四种。合理保护会计师行业的发展，是一种趋势、我国会计师事务组织形式的改革应以有限合伙制为最佳模式，因为它符合国际惯例，适合我国国情。     

Technology transfer and innovation performance: Evidence from Chinese firms

This paper explores the relationship between technology transfer activities and innovation performance with special reference to Chinese industrial firms. It is based on a recent nationwide survey covering 2334 Chinese industrial firms. The impact of technology transfer on their innovative performance was analyzed for all the responded firms and similar analyses also addressed the issue from perspectives of general industrial firms versus high-tech firms, and large firms versus small and medium firms. Several critical types of technology transfer activities were identified and both positive and negative impacts were discussed along with the Pearson correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis. The study revealed that the innovation activities in Chinese manufacturing firms could not be boosted substantially merely through the acquisition of key equipment and apparatus from abroad. The findings also suggested that Chinese firms should develop their technological absorptive capacity and transformative capacity, and foster technology transfer and communications among trading partners. Moreover, it would be crucial for Chinese firms to stress the nurturing of indigenous innovation capabilities so as to sustain their performance improvement.     

Termination clauses in partnerships

We show that when designing a partnership agreement partner firms may prefer not to specify how to allocate the commonly owned assets should there be an early termination of the contract. By not including such a clause, firms induce litigation before a Court with positive probability. Firms create this ex-post inefficiency in order to increase the levels of non-contractible investments, i.e. increase the ex-ante efficiency. The absence of an asset allocation clause works as a “discipline device” that mitigates the hold-up problem within the partnership. In our set-up, no other contract but that without an asset allocation clause can credibly create an ex-post inefficiency.     

Profit Share and Partner Choice in International Joint Ventures

This paper suggests a new approach to the determination of profit allocation between the partners in international joint ventures (IJVs). We also examine the issue of partnership choice. The foreign firm gives a large share of profits to its partner and in return receives a better tax treatment from the host government. Under linearity of costs and demand functions, it would choose the more efficient domestic firm as an IJV partner, and the domestic firms would happily accept the offer of partnership from the foreign firm. However, the host government, under certain situations, may persuade the foreign firm, by a suitable lump‐sum transfer, to form a partnership with the less efficient firm.     

审计行业监管有效性研究——基于证监会处罚公告后事务所策略选择的经验证据

随着近年来审计失败案件的频发,政府对审计行业监管的作用越来越受到关注.文章基于证监会行政处罚公告,对受罚事务所与上市公司客户进行配对,研究了处罚公告对受罚事务所与未受罚事务所声誉及审计质量的影响.研究发现,受罚事务所在处罚公告后进行了声誉重塑行为,审计质量得到改善;未受罚事务所在处罚公告后保持原有审计标准,公告前后审计质量无显著变化.而处罚公告后,受罚事务所的审计质量显著高于未受罚事务所,表明证监会的监管改善了行业的审计质量.文章为证监会行政处罚的有效性提供了更多的经验证据,并证实了声誉机制对注册会计师的约束作用;研究结果对证监会、中注协、财政部等监管部门具有借鉴意义,对上市公司与会计师事务所签订审计合约也有非常重要的参考作用.     

Residual claim and information acquisition in partnerships

This paper deals with a partnership facing an investment decision which is facilitated by costly but valuable information acquisition. When agents are identical in preference and endowment, it is shown that a partnership arrangement that makes one agent a residual claimant can sustain optimality, under which the residual claimant acquires information and assumes decision authority. Also, it is shown that different risk aversions and relative efficiency in information gathering determine who should be the residual claimant in an optimal partnership arrangement. Finally, an example of an optimal partnership arrangement is presented, where the residual claimant does not play any role except having a residual claim, hence a (partial) counterexample to Alchian and Demsetz's theory of classical firms.     

Matchmaking as multi-sided market for open innovation

An obvious task in open innovation is to find suitable partners for collaboration. In this paper we present results from three participatory case studies of identifying and matching technology firms for collaborative innovation projects. We observe that matchmaking is a more complex process than an (online) market transaction. The cases show how innovation intermediaries organise the matching process as external service-providers and what economic contribution they can have. The paper conceptualises matchmaking for collaborative innovation as economic resource allocation process in the shape of a multi-sided market which involves the innovation partners and intermediaries. The paper concludes with theoretical and practical implications that such a conceptual lens opens for exploratory technology analysis projects and the management of matching processes for innovation partnership formation.     

控制能力、代理成本与独立审计的公司治理效应——中国民营上市公司的经验证据

以近几年中国民营上市公司为样本,实证分析实际控制人控制能力、代理成本、会计师事务所选择及其治理效应,可以发现实际控制人控制能力越强的公司越倾向于选择曾经被监管机构赋予专项复核资格的会计师事务所。通过两阶段回归发现,市场对聘请此类会计师事务所作出了正面评价,而且此类会计师事务所对大股东占用上市公司资金具有监督和抑制作用。     

Government support and innovation for new energy firms in China

Government support plays an important role in the Chinese economy. New energy industries, which involve innovation-driven sources and environmental protection, are also supported by the government. This paper aims to study the effects of supply-side traditional government support on firms’ innovation and development. We propose a theoretical mechanism and study the innovation reaction of firms to government support in different situations. We further use propensity score matching to verify the results in the theoretical model and conduct a robustness analysis. Our main conclusions include the following. (1) In normal years, government support can promote only the innovation output of firms that have innovated; however, support cannot promote the innovation probability of firms that have not innovated. Government support can only enhance the intensive margin of innovation and cannot enhance the extensive margin of innovation with less competition. (2) In the situation of a bad economic environment and intense competition, firms’ innovation probability rises as government support increases. Therefore, the government should provide more R&D special subsidies and implement strict financial supervision to make support policies effective, especially in normal years.     

Forming and Dissolving Partnerships in Cooperative Game Situations

A group of players in a cooperative game are partners (e.g., as in the form of a union or a joint ownership) if the prospects for cooperation are restricted such that cooperation with players outside the partnership requires the accept of all the partners. The formation of such partnerships through binding agreements may change the game implying that players could have incentives to manipulate a game by forming or dissolving partnerships. The present paper seeks to explore the existence of allocation rules that are immune to this type of manipulation. An allocation rule that distributes the worth of the grand coalition among players is called partnership formation‐proof if it ensures that it is never jointly profitable for any group of players to form a partnership and partnership dissolution‐proof if no group can ever profit from dissolving a partnership. The paper provides results on the existence of such allocation rules for general classes of games as well as more specific results concerning well‐known allocation rules.