如何化解县域中小企业应收账款质押融资难

《物权法》的颁布实施,以及《应收账款质押登记办法》的出台和登记公示系统的建成运行,为应收账款担保融资和贷款机构业务创新提供了法律保障和运作平台。本文分析了县域中小企业应收账款及贷款需求特征以及县域企业应收账款质押融资难以开展的制约因素,进而提出了促进县域中小企业应收账款质押融资发展的建议。     

关于开展应收账款质押融资业务的几点思考

2007年9月30日,中国人民银行公布了《应收账款质押登记办法》,与《物权法》自2007年10月1日起同期施行。2007年10月8日,由中国人民银行开发的应收账款质押登记公示系统在上海正式上线,人民银行征信中心也颁布了《中国人民银行征信中心应收账款质押登记操作规则》,商业银行开展应收账款质押融资业务的外部法规框架已经基本形成。我行修订了相应的格式合同文本,进行了多级培训,开办应收账款质押融资业务的条件已经具备。关于开展应收账款质押融资业务,笔者作如下思考：     

应收账款质押融资业务情况调查

随着《物权法》的正式实施,我国加快了引入动产担保制度的实践,应收账款质押登记公示系统的同步上线运行．标志着应收账款将成为信贷融资的重要担保资源。本文介绍福建省应收账款质押融资业务开展情况及成效,分析当前开展应收账款质押融资业务的制约因素,并提出扩大应收账款质押融资业务的对策建议。     

应收账款质押融资在我国的发展研究

近年来,我国金融机构对应收账款质押融资进行了有益的探索,但由于相关法律的缺失,影响了应收账款质押融资业务的发展进程。2007年,《物权法》明确规定应收账款可以出质,应收账款质押融资获得了良好的外部环境支持,将会有效促进应收账款质押融资业务在我国的发展。     

关于青岛市应收账款质押融资业务的调查

<正>2007年10月,随着《物权法》和人民银行《应收账款质押登记办法》的正式颁布实施,不仅应收账款成为合法的贷款质押物,应收账款有了合法的质押登记公示的平台,而且应收账款的范畴从会计意义上的应收账款扩大到了公路桥梁收费权、出租产生的债权等,为企业融资渠道的拓宽起到积极作用。为了推动应收账款质押融资业务,人民银行青岛市中心支行选取了部分金融机构,采取实地调查与发放问卷相结合的方式,对近年来青岛市应收账款质押融资业务的发展情况进行了调研。现将调查情况报告如下:     

应收账款质押融资在我国的发展研究

近年来,我国金融机构对应收账款质押融资进行了有益的探索,但由于相关法律的缺失,影响了应收账款质押融资业务的发展进程.2007年,《物权法》明确规定应收账款可以出质,应收账款质押融资获得了良好的外部环境支持,将会有效促进应收账款质押融资业务在我国的发展.     

经济欠发达地区开展应收账款质押融资业务的难点及建议

为进一步缓解中小企业融资难状况，《中华人民共和国物权法》以法律的形式规定中小企业可通过应收账款进行质押融资，中国人民银行也配套出台《应收账款质押登记办法》，以规范应收账款质押登记，保护质押当事人和利害关系人的合法权益，两者同时于2007年10月1日起施行。但从实际运作情况来看，经济欠发达地区银行开展应收账款质押融资业务仍存在一定的难度。     

应收账款质押融资业务推广难点及建议

一、基本情况2007年10月1日开始实施的《物权法》拓宽了动产担保范围,规定应收账款可以质押,并明确人民银行信贷征信机构为应收账款担保登记机构,为银行办理应收账款质押融资业务提供了 法律保证和操作平台。但从欠发达地区来看,至2009年4月末,江苏省泗阳县仅工商银行办理了1笔金额为100万元的应收账款融资业务,其余各银行均未开办该业务,应收账款质押融资业务在基层发展推广较为缓慢。     

应收账款质押业务发展缓慢中小企业融资难题待解

2007年10月1日实施的《物权法》明确应收账款可以作为质押物进行贷款,这不仅拓展了商业银行的信贷渠道,也是解决中小企业贷款难的有效途径之一。应收账款质押登记公示系统显示自2007年10月1日开始,全国应收账款质押融资业务一共发生了146601笔,然而一些地区应收账款质押融资业务发展却十分缓慢。     

应收账款质押融资业务在中小城市推广难的问题探讨——以沧州市为例

《中华人民共和国物权法》以法律形式规定了应收账款可以设立质权,扩大了企业可以担保的财产范围,应收账款质押融资成为缓解中小企业贷款难的一项新举措。但从中小城市发展情况来看,应收账款质押融资仍处于起步阶段。业务发展过程中的风险的评估及可控性成为制约应收账款质押融资业务的关键因素,如何准确把握风险,促进业务发展值得关注。     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.     

Political corruption and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between political corruption and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that local corruption increases firm acquisitiveness but decreases firm targetiveness. The levels of corruption in acquirer areas relate positively to the bid premiums and negatively to the likelihood of deal completion. Corruption motivates acquiring firms to use excess cash for payment, which mitigates the negative effect of corruption on acquirer shareholder value. The evidence indicates that acquisitions help acquiring firms convert cash into hard-to-extract assets and relocate assets from the high to low corruption areas, thereby shielding their liquid assets from expropriation by local officials.     

Trust and cross-border mergers and acquisitions

A number of studies suggest that social trust matters for investment. Using different measures of trust from World Values Survey, we show that countries where people display higher levels of trust engage in more cross-border M&A activities. When they do, these acquirers pay lower premiums. To the extent that these acquirers also tend to engage in larger acquisitions as well, our findings suggest that a larger selection pool of potential targets and higher value targets enable these acquirers to negotiate for lower premiums. We do not find evidence of the significant effect for target country trust levels. Hence, trust may benefit those acquiring firms in cross-border transactions.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Corporate Innovations and Mergers and Acquisitions

Using a large and unique patent‐merger data set over the period 1984 to 2006, we show that companies with large patent portfolios and low R&D expenses are acquirers, while companies with high R&D expenses and slow growth in patent output are targets. Further, technological overlap between firm pairs has a positive effect on transaction incidence, and this effect is reduced for firm pairs that overlap in product markets. We also show that acquirers with prior technological linkage to their target firms produce more patents afterwards. We conclude that synergies obtained from combining innovation capabilities are important drivers of acquisitions.