管理层能力能提升全要素生产率吗?

提升企业全要素生产率对构建新发展格局、推动高质量发展具有重大的现实意义.文章以中国A股2010—2018年上市公司为研究样本,考察管理层能力与企业全要素生产率的关系,并检验了股权激励、产权性质、行业竞争对两者关系的影响.研究结论表明:管理层能力对企业全要素生产率具有促进作用,当企业进行股权激励、为国有企业、所处行业竞争更强时,管理层能力对企业全要素生产率的促进作用更显著.研究结果为如何提升企业全要素生产率提供了有益启示.     

国有股权参股如何影响民营企业信用评级

民营经济是推进中国式现代化的生力军,民营企业信用评级不高是亟待解决的问题。混合所有制改革是利用不同股权的融合放大国有资本功能进而促进经济发展的重要举措,以民营企业参与混合所有制改革视角进行研究发现：国有股权参股能显著提升民营企业信用评级。影响机制检验发现,国有股权参股通过缓解融资约束和降低经营风险,提升民营企业信用评级。进一步研究发现,在管理层代理成本、国有股权制衡度、行业竞争程度及经济政策不确定性更高时,国有股权参股对民营企业信用评级的提升作用更有效。研究表明混合所有制改革承载着巨大制度红利,有助于实现民营企业健康持续发展,对国有资本和民营企业具有“1+1>2”效应,对混改政策实施效应和民营企业是否引入国有股权有重要决策参考意义。     

国资授权经营改革、融资约束与全要素生产率

全要素生产率的稳定提升是实现经济高质量发展的关键内涵,国企高质量发展的关键在于提高其全要素生产率。本文以2009～2021年我国沪深A股国有上市公司为样本,运用多期DID方法探讨国有资本授权经营改革对国企全要素生产率产生的政策效应与内在机制。实证研究表明,国资授权经营改革能显著提升所出资国企的全要素生产率。机制分析表明,国资授权经营改革主要通过缓解国企面临的融资约束提升其全要素生产率。异质性分析表明,国资授权经营改革对国企全要素生产率的正向影响仅存在于地方国企和代理问题较为严重的国企中。本研究不仅丰富了企业全要素生产率影响因素及国资授权经营改革经济后果的相关文献,也为进一步深化国资国企改革、促进国有经济高质量发展提供了政策启示。     

中国商业银行全要素生产率的影响因素研究——基于DEA模型的Malmquist指数分析

本文基于1999～2006年中国15家商业银行的面板数据,运用非参数DEA模型的Malmquist生产率指数,测算了商业银行的全要素生产率,结果显示中国商业银行全要素生产率整体呈现下降趋势.在此基础上构建了影响我国商业银行全要素生产率的微观和宏观模型,检验了各影响因素对全要素生产率的影响方向和程度,实证结果表明资产市场份额、GDP增长率、全社会固定资产投资增长率对商业银行全要素生产率有显著正向作用,资产费用率、消费者价格指数和全部国有及规模以上非国有工业企业销售收入利润增长率对商业银行全要素生产率有显著负向作用,产权结构的多元化有利于商业银行全要素生产率的提高.     

国有股权参股与民营企业真实盈余管理

以2014～2020年A股民营上市公司为研究样本,分析国有股权参股对民营企业真实盈余管理的影响。研究发现:国有股权参股能够减少民营企业真实盈余管理行为;异质性检验表明,相较于较差的内外部治理环境,高质量的内外部治理环境中国有股权参股对民营企业真实盈余管理的作用更明显;机制检验发现,融资约束和代理成本在国有股权参股对民营企业真实盈余管理的影响中发挥了部分中介作用。本研究不仅进一步检验了民营企业混合所有制改革的科学性,同时也为民营企业积极参与混合所有制改革提供了数据支持。     

生产性服务业集聚对制造业企业全要素生产率提升研究

研究目标：考察城市生产性服务业空间集聚对微观制造业企业生产效率提升的影响。研究方法：采用OP方法测度了制造业企业生产率,采用面板模型和工具变量法进行了实证检验。研究发现：相对于专业化集聚,生产性服务业多样化集聚对城市制造业企业全要素生产率提升效果更明显;低端生产性服务业空间集聚对制造业企业生产率的提升作用更加显著;城市生产性服务业空间集聚对国有制造业企业效率提升的作用大于非国有企业;生产性服务业空间集聚对中小城市企业全要素生产率的提升作用效果不明显。研究创新：将空间集聚外溢效应的衰减指数纳入城市生产性服务业空间集聚指标设定之中,考察了不同城市规模和产业层级下生产性服务业空间集聚对微观企业生产效率的差异性影响。研究价值：为企业全要素生产率提升的供给侧改革提供了一个新的视角。     

私募股权、公开上市和生产效率

本文以公司在资本市场上公开上市为背景,以是否具有私募股权融资背景为标准,选取了384家上市公司为研究样本,使用索洛余值法、随机前沿分析模型等方法,实证分析私募股权投资对改善企业生产效率的作用。研究结果发现,无论是否有私募股权投资,企业上市后的全要素生产率均高于上市前;有私募股权投资的企业全要素生产率在上市前要低于无私募股权投资的企业,但是上市后则超过了无私募股权投资的企业。     

科技金融对区域绿色全要素生产率影响的实证研究--基于全局DEA数学统计方法

提升绿色全要素生产率是实现高质量发展目标的关键措施。论文利用全局DEA数学统计方法,重点实证分析了科技金融对区域绿色全要素生产率的影响。研究认为:科技金融对区域绿色全要素生产率的提升具有显著促进作用。东部地区科技金融对绿色全要素生产率的提升效应大于中部地区,且中部地区的科技金融对绿色全要素生产率的提升效应大于西部地区。     

国有股东能促进参股民营企业人力资本结构升级吗？

以我国沪深A股2011—2021年民营上市公司为对象，考察了国有股东对参股民营企业人力资本结构的影响及机制。研究发现：国有股东能够促进参股民营企业人力资本结构升级；机制与路径分析表明，提升社会地位、加强员工权益保护、增强研发意愿是国有股东改善参股企业人力资本结构的作用机制；国有股东通过挤出低学历及生产人员而优化参股民营企业的人力资本结构；这一影响具有异质性，低政府干预、要素市场发育程度能够正向调节国有参股股东的人力资本效应；经济后果检验发现，国有股东对人力资本结构的积极影响不仅在经营业绩上“做大蛋糕”，而且在要素收入分配中“分好蛋糕”而提升劳动收入份额。研究结论既丰富了混合所有制改革与人力资本升级方面的文献，又为民营企业利用国有资本优化人力资源配置提供借鉴。     

价值链视角下人工智能应用对全要素生产率的影响——基于中国A股上市公司的实证研究

利用2007～2019年中国A股上市公司的微观数据，借助上市公司年报构建度量企业人工智能应用的指标，并基于价值链视角实证研究人工智能应用对全要素生产率的影响效应与机制。研究表明：人工智能在企业中的整体应用显著提升了企业的全要素生产率，企业研发设计、生产制造、市场营销环节的智能化发展也带来了显著的全要素生产率提升效应；技术创新是人工智能应用促进全要生产率提升的重要机制；与研发设计、生产制造的智能化相比，市场营销的智能化发展更能通过技术创新促进全要素生产率的提升，提升企业全要素生产率。因此，需从创新、资金、人才、治理等方面完善推动全价值链智能化发展的政策支撑体系。     

Do credit squeezes influence firm survival? An empirical investigation of China

This paper analyses the effect of a “credit squeeze” policy that was set by the Chinese government in 2007, increasing the strictness for firm-level bank loans. We adopt the difference-in-difference (DID) model to compare the survival rate change before and after the policy was implemented. We further explore the mechanism behind how the “credit squeeze” policy reduced the probability of firms surviving the market from perspectives such as financial constraints and ownership structures. The “credit squeeze” policy significantly increased firms’ operating costs and lowered firms’ productivity. In addition, we find that the zombie firm phenomenon existing in state-owned enterprises has a large impact on our estimation. Our results provide practical policy implications regarding the compromise between systematic debt risk and firm survival.     

Corporate cash holdings and total factor productivity – A global analysis

Studies concerning total factor productivity (TFP) have investigated the effect of TFP on economic growth from a country-level perspective, which is a critical issue in the macroeconomics field. Few studies have examined how corporate financial decisions influence TFP from a firm-level perspective. Specifically, no extant studies have investigated how cash holdings affect firm productivity. This study utilizes data for firms in 65 countries during 1993–2017 to investigate the effect of cash holdings on TFP from a corporate perspective. The findings show that firms with higher cash holdings can enhance TFP. The results hold after considering endogenous problems, financial constraints, financial crises, corporate governance, institutional quality, and financial development as well as various robustness tests. Furthermore, we examine whether firms consistently invest their cash holdings into research and development (R&D) expenditures enhances firm productivity. The evidence indicates that higher cash holdings lead to steady increases in R&D expenditure, which improves firms’ TFP.     

Do tax reductions stimulate firm productivity? A quasi-natural experiment from China

Tax reductions for firms in the real economy are important reforms to address slowdowns in economic development in the complex current social and economic situation. To deeply explore the influence of tax reductions on firm development, this article considers firm total factor productivity as an indicator. A policy allowing accelerated depreciation of fixed assets implemented in 2014 and 2015 is taken as a policy shock to construct a gradual difference in difference (DID) model. Based on data from listed companies in China from 2010 to 2018, this article studies the influence of the policy on firm total factor productivity. The empirical results show that the policy significantly and sustainably improved the total factor productivity of the pilot firms. The policy improved productivity mainly by increasing corporate investment in fixed assets, stimulating R&D spending, and alleviating internal financing constraints. Further results reveal that the productivity effect of the policy is more prominent in non-state-owned enterprises and labor-intensive or growth-oriented enterprises. The research in this article helps deepen the understanding of the micro-foundations of the effects of tax reductions and provides a reference to leverage the micro-effects of such policies.     

家族影响、创新与企业绩效——基于广东省家族企业的实证研究

以家族企业中的家族影响为研究视角,通过对广东省127家家族企业进行实证检验,探讨了家族成员的社会资本、家族成员管理参与度和家族成员间和谐度这三个家族影响维度对家族企业绩效和创新的影响。研究结果显示,此三个家族影响维度与家族企业绩效存在正相关,创新在两者之间的关系中起着正向的调节作用。     

控制权安排、事务所定价策略和审计质量——来自Ａ股市场的证据

本文通过对2003 ～ 2009年A股上市公司审计费用的分析,讨论控制权安排和事务所定价策略对审计质量的影响.研究结果表明,中央政府控股和地方政府控股的国有上市公司的审计费用会显著低于民营上市公司;国内十大所对中央政府控股的上市公司会采取低价竞争策略.研究结果表明政府行为对事务所定价策略产生重要影响,为今后完善法律制度环境、推动事务所做大做强提供了经验支持.     

独立董事对家族高管薪酬治理效应分析

高管薪酬契约是现代公司治理结构中的重要组成部分,是所有者用于减轻代理成本的一种手段.通过选取2009-2010年家族类上市公司492家和国有上市公司521家,实证结论表明:家族类上市公司与国有上市公司相比,家族高管薪酬比国有企业高管薪酬水平平均要高,并且薪酬业绩敏感性低;独立董事作为保护外部中小股东利益的监督机制,与国有企业相比,家族企业的独立董事对高管(家族高管)薪酬治理作用更为有限;这一结论表明,独立董事监督作用的发挥还需一个合适的治理环境.     

国有股权参股与民营重污染企业绿色治理

由于生态环境投入的外部性和资本的逐利性,民营重污染企业的绿色治理是我国企业绿色治理的重点和难点.本文分析了国有股权参股对民营重污染企业绿色治理的影响机理,并以2008～2019年A股上市的民营重污染企业为研究样本进行了实证检验.研究发现,国有股权参股能够通过治理效应和资源效应促进民营重污染企业绿色治理;相对于污染风险较...     

Digital finance and misallocation of resources among firms: Evidence from China

The resources misallocation among firms is serious in China, our calculation shows it has resulted in the total factor productivity (hereafter, TFP) loss of over 200% and has been gradually increasing in recent years, based on the firm-level data from National Tax Survey database from 2007 to 2016. This paper further investigates empirically the impact of digital finance on resources misallocation, by measuring resources misallocation with firm’s capital deviation and labor deviation, as well as measuring digital finance with the number of searches for fintech keywords on Baidu's webpage. Results suggest that digital finance can significantly mitigate resources misallocation among firms to improve the aggregate TFP by redistributing resources from over-resourced firms to under-resourced firms, although it cannot improve the TFP within a representative firm. The findings remain robust after addressing the endogeneity and using alterative variables of digital finance and value of labor output elasticity. Moreover, digital finance can rectify the credit-market discrimination, where its mitigating effect on resources misallocation prefers to non-state-owned firms and small and medium-sized firms. However, traditional finance, as measured by the number of offline bank branches, can also optimize resources allocation, but this effect is gradually diminishing and it also fails to rectify the credit discrimination.     

Nature and determinants of productivity growth of foreign subsidiaries in Central and East European countries

The paper examines the determinants of productivity growth in foreign manufacturing subsidiaries in five Central and East European (CEE) countries by analysing patterns of control, nature of firms’ capabilities and firms’ market orientations. Building on the so-called ‘subsidiary development’ perspective, we show that productivity growth is determined jointly by corporate governance, production capability and market orientation variables. Within a dominantly production-oriented mandate, CEE subsidiaries have a relatively high level of autonomy in the control of their business functions. Majority foreign equity shareholding has a significant and positive impact on subsidiaries’ productivity growth. Our results show strong regional characteristics.     

How does a firm’s management of greenhouse gas emissions influence its economic performance? Analyzing effects through demand and productivity in Japanese manufacturing firms

This paper analyzes how a firm’s management of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions affects its economic performance. The theoretical model we derive from Cobb–Douglas production and inverse demand functions predict that in conducting GHG emissions management, a firm will enhance its economic performance because it promotes an increase in demand for its output and improves its productivity. The estimation results, using panel data on Japanese manufacturing firms during the period 2007–2008, support the view that a firm’s GHG emissions management enhances a firm’s economic performance through an increase in demand and improvement in productivity. However, the latter effect is conditional. Although a firm’s efforts to maintain lower GHG emissions improves productivity, efforts to reduce GHG emissions further does not always improve it, especially for energy-intensive firms. Because firms attempting to maintain lower GHG emissions are more likely to improve their productivity, there is a possibility that firms with high GHG emissions can also enhance economic performance by reducing their emissions in the long term, even if additional costs are incurred. In addition, better GHG emissions management increases the demand of environmentally conscious customers because a product’s life cycle GHG emissions in the upper stream of the supply chain influence those in the lower stream, and customers evaluate the suppliers’ GHG emissions management in terms of green supply-chain management.