基于OWA算子的供应商选择模型研究

目前,基于AHP法构建的供应商选择模型中,均未考虑实际决策时通常有多人参与,并且决策者会给出不同形式评价信息的情况。针对这一问题,将供应商选择视为一种不同形式偏好信息并存的群决策问题,结合AHP法,提出基于OWA算子的供应商选择模型。     

多源采购供应商选择问题的两阶段随机优化模型及其算法

构建了多源采购供应商选择问题的两阶段随机优化模型.在第一阶段,决策者根据各相关因素的不确定性确定供应商选择方案,而在第二阶段,当各参数退化为确定性数值时,决策者最终确定采购计划.模型目标为极小化两阶段的总期望成本.给出了模型求解的两种方法-枚举法和遗传算法.若干算例表明,本文给出的算法稳定性较强,能够满足实际问题求解的需要.     

基于ED-GRA和CPT的图书馆供应商选择的决策方法

为了解决高校图书馆图书供应商选择问题中的决策者认知复杂问题,反应决策者的心理与行为特征,本文提出一种基于认知复杂的多属性决策方法.首先,采用欧式距离(ED)和灰色关联分析法(GRA)确定专家权重和图书供应商评价指标体系的权重;然后,提出基于累积前景理论(CPT)的多属性决策方法,计算图书供应商的综合前景值.     

改进的模糊层次分析法及其在航材供应商选择中的应用

充分考虑到决策者的个人偏见和决策时的模糊性,对模糊层次分析法加以改进,在构造判断矩阵时采用群组fuzzy判断矩阵,并将其应用于航材供应商的选择之中,减少由于决策者的主观原因引起的判断误差,提高判断精度,为科学抉择提供了可靠方法.     

基于模糊多属性群决策的供应商选择方法研究

本文从多个决策者参与决策的角度出发,在模糊和不确定环境下,运用模糊多属性群决策模型来研究供应商的选择问题。     

供应商选择问题的模糊机会约束规划模型

论文以模糊机会约束规划的方法处理供应商选择问题（VSP）。在市场需求量为模糊变量,同时成本、质量、交付时间三个目标以一定的置信水平成立的前提下,提供了一种帮助决策者进行供应商供货量分配的方法,并给出模型的混合智能通用算法。     

新型涡桨支线飞机系统供应商选择流程研究

本文介绍了供应商选择的概念,通过研究航空领域供应商选择的情况。建立适合新型涡桨支线飞机的系统供应商选择流程。     

基于数据包络法的钢铁企业供应商选择模型研究

文章针对钢铁企业供应商选择的实际情况,按照成本型和效益型两大类指标,构建了选择指标体系;并对数据包络法进行了改进,建立了供应商选择模型,实现了对供应商科学、准确的选择.     

供应链协同视角下我国大型客机供应商选择评价指标设计

研究我国大型客机协同研制供应商选择评价的指标体系构建问题。系统总结了波音公司供应商管理的经验;结合我国实际情况,从过程管理和理论研究角度研究了大型客机协同研制供应商选择评价的影响因素;以此建立了涵盖六个方面的大型客机协同研制供应商选择评价指标体系。     

基于DEA方法的供应商选择评价研究

供应商的供应绩效对采购企业的影响越来越大,因此如何正确评价供应商从而进行有效选择成为企业降低成本、提高效率从而获得市场竞争力的关键所在。论文分析了数据包络分析在解决供应商选择评价问题上具有突出的优点,并建立了供应商选择评价指标体系,给出了各评价指标的具体计算方法。随后,基于企业的实际情况,应用数据包络分析对公司的供应商进行选择评价。     

Biased recommendations from biased and unbiased experts

When can you trust an expert to provide honest advice? We develop and test a recommendation game where an expert helps a decision maker choose among two actions that benefit the expert and an outside option that does not. For instance, a salesperson recommends one of two products to a customer who may instead purchase nothing. Subject behavior in a laboratory experiment is largely consistent with predictions from the cheap talk literature. For sufficient symmetry in payoffs, recommendations are persuasive in that they raise the chance that the decision maker takes one of the actions rather than the outside option. If the expert is known to have a payoff bias toward an action, such as a salesperson receiving a higher commission on one product, the decision maker partially discounts a recommendation for it and is more likely to take the outside option. If the bias is uncertain, then biased experts lie even more, whereas unbiased experts follow a political correctness strategy of pushing the opposite action so as to be more persuasive. Even when the expert is known to be unbiased, if the decision maker already favors an action the expert panders toward it, and the decision maker partially discounts the recommendation. The comparative static predictions hold with any degree of lying aversion up to pure cheap talk, and most subjects exhibit some limited lying aversion. The results highlight that the transparency of expert incentives can improve communication, but need not ensure unbiased advice.     

国际货运代理选择的模糊多属性决策折中比值法

经济全球化的趋势和我国对外贸易的发展,使国际货运代理越来越重要,选择合适的国际货运代理对企业从事国际贸易至关重要。文中将国际货运代理选择问题归结为一类典型的模糊多属性决策问题,进而提出相应的模糊多属性决策折中比值求解方法,既权衡了最优方案与正、负理想解之间的距离,又利用折中系数反映决策者的主观态度,使决策更具柔性,更贴近实际。文中还对一个具体国际货运代理选择问题进行了计算与分析研究。     

Stakeholder value analysis: a methodology for intergrating stakeholder values into corporate enviromental investment decisions

Increasingly, decision‐makers in industry are being faced with complex investment decisions created and made emotive by diverse stakeholder expectations. Investments with the potential to have an impact on a company's environmental performance are a prime example of this since they are driven by multidimensional impacts, many of which are difficult to quantify in scientific and monetary terms. This paper presents a stakeholder value analysis (SVA) model, which can be used to address such problems, using a multiple‐attribute decision methodology. This decision tool has been developed and validated through a series of industrial applications, one of which is outlined here. This application describes the use of the tool in a company context whereby stakeholders from within the company are canvassed for their priorities and views. The SVA tool is used not only to guide and support this process but also to analyse the data and consequently produce output decision metrics, which express the preferences of all relevant stakeholders and which can therefore be more confidently used to support the final decision. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

Inter-threshold resource planning for public higher educational systems

Efforts to design comprehensive systems of long-range resource planning for public colleges and universities in the United States are frustrated in the sense that most states follow a social demand approach to educational planning. Literally thousands of decision makers—including students, parents, formal administrators and faculty members-affect the overall behavior of the system. Nevertheless, more and more states are creating centralized higher educational coordinating agencies to conduct long-range planning and to recommend policies for the future development of the higher educational system. This paper describes research which has attempted to link together three decision thresholds in the resource planning process. These are (a) academic departments or colleges which are combined into (b) a total college or university, which is one part of (c) a state system of higher education containing several colleges and universities.     

How Does a Covenantal Approach to Developing Organizational Leadership Affect Innovation?

As organizations grow, they become more hierarchical and less adaptive; thus, innovation and intrapreneurship suffer. A covenantal approach to organizational behavior and leadership can facilitate organizational flexibility and adaptability to foster further innovation by engendering empowerment and deeper, more meaningful engagement among leadership and followers. A covenant is a morally informed agreement among two or more parties who commit to care for one another and protect one another's rights. Noncentralization, participative decision making, active dialog and big picture thinking are all encouraged by a covenantal approach, which in turn helps to foster innovation.     

The Determinants and Effects of Clients Following Audit Partners Who Switch Audit Firms

Abstract

We examine the determinants of clients’ decision to follow departing partners to new audit firms and the effect of this decision on the likelihood of financial restatements. Using Taiwanese audit partner turnover data from 1984 to 2010, we find that clients are more likely to follow departing partners when the partners have more clients, longer tenure, and when both lead and concurring partners leave simultaneously. By contrast, clients are more likely to stay with their incumbent audit firms when the firms are one of the Big Four or when only the concurring partners leave. The extended partner tenure due to clients following departing partners, however, does not enhance audit quality. In fact, clients that stay at the incumbent firm experience a significant decrease in the probability of financial restatements in the first year after the audit partners leave, but clients that follow do not.     

论企业的高低品牌双赢战略

文章论述了企业创造品牌的运作方式,指出企业应该根据自身情况和客观市场环境具体问题,运用高低品牌双赢战略,使企业在市场竞争中取得事半功倍的效果。     

Risk and prices in separable utility functions

Many decision problems involve more than one attribute. Separable multi-attribute utility functions are commonly used to model preferences in such situations. We consider the case in which one attribute can be identified as money. The price at which non-monetary attributes may be substituted by money, the relation of this price to a decision-maker's wealth, and the implications on attitudes toward risk are examined for additively and multiplicatively separable multi-attribute utility functions. In particular, it is shown that additive separability, price independent of wealth and monetary risk-aversion are mutually inconsistent.     

Green supplier selection: a new genetic/immune strategy with industrial application

With the onset of the ‘climate change movement’, organisations are striving to include environmental criteria into the supplier selection process. This article hybridises a Green Data Envelopment Analysis (GDEA)-based approach with a new Genetic/Immune Strategy for Data Envelopment Analysis (GIS-DEA). A GIS-DEA approach provides a different view to solving multi-criteria decision making problems using data envelopment analysis (DEA) by considering DEA as a multi-objective optimisation problem with efficiency as one objective and proximity of solution to decision makers’ preferences as the other objective. The hybrid approach called GIS-GDEA is applied here to a well-known automobile spare parts manufacturer in India and the results presented. User validation developed based on specific set of criteria suggests that the supplier selection process with GIS-GDEA is more practical than other approaches in a current industrial scenario with multiple decision makers.     

From plurality rule to proportional representation

I consider the decision of a parliament that might change the electoral system from the plurality rule to proportional representation for forthcoming elections. Parties are office-motivated. They care about winning and about the share of seats obtained. I examine two different scenarios of how parties in government share the spoils of office: equally or proportionally to their share of seats. If the government is formed by a single party and parties expect that each party will obtain the same share of votes in the next election, the electoral rule will never be changed. Therefore, for a change to occur, the government should be formed by a coalition. I find that a change is more likely to occur when there is a larger number of parties and also when the spoils of office are shared equally among the members in the governing coalition. These results are extended to analyze the decision to change from a less proportional rule to a more proportional one.