加工贸易对河北经济增长贡献的分析

本文首先陈述了河北省加工贸易的发展现状，然后运用加工贸易增值系数法、加工贸易对国民生产总值拉动度分析了加工贸易对河北省经济增长的贡献。认为河北省加工贸易对其经济增长有一定的促进作用。     

广西北部湾经济区承接香港加工贸易产业转移研究

随着经济全球化一体化的加深,我国东部经济发达地区加工贸易产业向西部经济欠发达地区转移,是东部发达地区加工贸易产业升级和调整的重要措施。加工贸易产业是香港的一个重要支柱产业,约占香港贸易量的一半,港商在珠三角地区的加工贸易企业超过4.5万家。作为劳动密集型产业,香港加工贸易产业向西部转移成为了必然。广西北部湾经济区发展要想打造成为中国的新一极,显然承接香港加工贸易产业转移成为广西北部湾经济区快速发展工业化和城镇化的捷径,是一种必然的趋势,同时也是实现跨越式发展的重大举措。广西北部湾经济区应该采取有力措施,为香港加工贸易产业的转移创造良好环境,使它成为广西北部湾经济区经济发展的主力军之一。     

广东加工贸易与经济增长关系分析

本文通过具体的数据,从短期静态和长期动态两方面针对广东加工贸易对经济增长的影响进行了分析,强有力地证明了加工贸易为广东经济增长、对外贸易、国际收支平衡、出口创汇等方面作出的巨大贡献。     

中国工业的创新之路——“中国制造”突围

<正>一、引言改革开放三十多年来,"中国制造"无论在国内、还是在国外都扮演着非常重要的角色。在国内,制造业对经济增长的贡献度越来越大,成为我国外向型经济增长的主要源泉。根据有关数据计算,以加工贸易为例,1991年,我国GDP增长9.2%,其中1.14%源自加工贸易拉动,在GDP增长中的份额也达到12.4%。1998至2008年,加工贸易对经济增长的贡献度年均达58.6%,对经济增长的拉动高达4.8%(以平均增长率8%计算)     

郴州市加工贸易转型升级对就业的影响研究

加工贸易对拉动就业和促进郴州经济增长等做出了重要贡献.近年来,随着人民生活成本和收入水平的提高,人力资源成本低廉等优势已不再明显,加工贸易发展也举步维艰.研究加工贸易转型升级对就业数量、质量、结构的影响,突破加工贸易转型升级面临的瓶颈,带动就业,推动加工贸易转型升级势在必行.     

集中到分散:我国加工贸易的产业转移——基于空间经济学视角

<正>改革开放以来,我国东南沿海地区率先承接发达国家和地区转移出来的劳动密集型产业。从20世纪90年代至今,加工贸易在推动外贸发展、促进区域经济繁荣、利用外资等方面发挥了举足轻重的作用。然而,2013年我国一般贸易增长平稳,加工贸易增长乏力,增速低于外贸总体增速,加工贸易出口额占     

江西省加工贸易与环境污染的实证分析

近年来,贸易与环境问题日益得到人们的重视,成为国际社会关注的焦点。文中通过实证分析江西省加工贸易对经济增长和环境污染的影响,试图说明江西省在承接沿海地区加工贸易转移时该如何实现环境与经济协调发展。     

浅析广西加工贸易发展存在的问题与对策

改革开放30多年来,尤其是近五年来广西的加工贸易促进了经济的发展,形成了一些地域特色,但也存在着总体规模不大、产品附加值小、地区间发展不平衡、主体和模式比较单一等问题。文章从存在的问题出发,提出广西加工贸易发展要加快产业承接,不断扩大加工规模;调整产业结构,提升产业发展质量;优化产业布局,提高资源配置效率;推进经营主体多元化的对策。     

广西对外贸易与经济增长的实证分析

文章从定量分析的角度分析了广西1978～2006年对外贸易与经济增长之间的关系,试图通过计量经济模型的结论解释广西经济高速增长中对外贸易的贡献率。结果显示,广西GDP的增长与进出口的增长存在明显的正相关关系,其中进口对广西经济增长所具有的拉动作用超过出口增长时经济的拉动作用。     

我国加工贸易脱贫之路

文章认为,加工贸易的快速增长促进了我国对外贸易迅速发展,国际经济地位迅速提高,但目前我国加工贸易仍处于国际产业价值链的低端,价值增值率和经济效益均处低下水平,处于"贫困化增长"状态,为此,应重新确定我国在国际分工中的地位,改变我国加工企业与外国品牌制造商的关系,延长国际产业链在中国的环节,调整加工贸易内部结构,促进加工贸易协调发展,抓住经济一体化的机遇,鼓励加工企业走出去,开展对外合作,并调整有关加工贸易的政策和监管制度,净化对外贸易环境,寻求我国加工贸易健康持续的发展道路。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

Multinomial distributions applied to random sampling of particulate materials

When sampling a batch consisting of particulate material, the distribution of a sample estimator can be characterized using knowledge about the sample drawing process. With Bernoulli sampling, the number of particles in the sample is binomially distributed. Because this is rarely realized in practice, we propose a sampling design in which the possible samples have a nearly equal mass. Expected values and variances of the sample estimator are calculated. It is shown that the sample estimator becomes identical to the Horvitz–Thompson estimator in the case of a large batch-to-sample mass ratio and a large sample mass. Simulations and experiments were performed to test the theory. Simulations confirm that the round-off error due to the discrete nature of particles is negligible for large sample sizes. Sampling experiments were carried out with a mixture of PolyPropylene (PP) and PolyTetraFluorEthylene (PTFE) spheres suspended in a viscous medium. The measured and theoretical variations are in good agreement.