浅析我国工程造价控制的有效管理

本文通过分析我国建设工程造价控制与管理的现状、存在问题,提出了合理确定和有效控制工程造价,加强工程造价咨询机构和工程造价队伍建设,加快建设工程造价管理体制改革以及建立完善的符合市场经济规律的工程造价管理体系等方面的见解.     

刍议有效进行工程造价管理

本文通过分析我国建设工程造价控制与管理的现状、存在问题,提出了合理确定和有效控制工程造价,加强工程造价咨询机构和工程造价队伍建设,加快建设工程造价管理体制改革以及建立完善的符合市场经济规律的工程造价管理体系等方面的见解。     

浅谈公路造价控制

在分析工程造价形成的机制和原理的基础上,研究合理确定公路工程造价的方法和有效控制公路工程造价的模式,并借鉴国外发达国家和地区在造价管理方面的先进经验,利用科学管理方法和先进管理手段建立完善的造价管理体系,为当前工程造价合理确定与科学管理提供现实指导,为决策及合理制定投资计划提供参考,为项目建设投资过程控制提供依据。     

浅谈公路工程造价控制管理

近几年,在我国国家宏观政策支持下,交通建设事业得到了突飞猛进的发展.虽然交通建设形势发展十分迅猛,但工程造价偏高的问题未得到有效整治,给工程造价的控制带来极大的困难.本文分析了我国公路工程建设前期、设计阶段和施工阶段的主要问题,提出了控制公路工程造价的有效方法.     

浅析水利工程造价管理

水利工程建设和建筑工程建设一样,造价控制与管理在整个工程建设中非常重要。目前存在着管理体制不健全、计价方法不科学、监督体系不完善等现象,对水利工程造价全过程控制与管理进行探讨,提出了加强造价管理体系建设、加强设计阶段和实施阶段的工程造价管理控制等策略,为水利工程造价管理提供参考。     

高等学校基建部门工程造价控制问题探讨

随着高等学校不断发展壮大,新校区建设成为学校基建工作的重点,基建管理部门肩负着校区建设的重任,工程造价控制问题显得尤为重要.本文从高等学校基建管理部门的角度,基于工程造价的构成,分析了控制造价的主要方面,提出应该重点从优化细化设计、优化现场管理体系、强化资金管理等方面进行造价控制,让有限的国有资金发挥最大效益.     

高等学校基建部门工程造价控制问题探讨

随着高等学校不断发展壮大,新校区建设成为学校基建工作的重点,基建管理部门肩负着校区建设的重任,工程造价控制问题显得尤为重要。本文从高等学校基建管理部门的角度,基于工程造价的构成,分析了控制造价的主要方面。提出应该重点从优化细化设计、优化现场管理体系、强化资金管理等方面进行造价控制,让有限的国有资金发挥最大效益。     

地铁工程造价的评估指标体系研究

地铁工程作为城市交通基础设施重要组成部分，在便捷交通出行，缓解交通压力方面有着深远影响，为推动地铁工程开发建设活动有序开展，应当从管理体系出发，进行造价指标、质量指标、工期指标的健全完善，旨在通过合理有效的方法举措，消除管理误区，实现地铁工程全方位高效化管控。本文从地铁规划和设计的源头入手，建立了地铁工程造价的评估指标体系，并对评估指标的影响因素进行了详细分析，为进一步核实工程方案的经济型和合理性奠定了基础。     

运用"即时通"网上流程规范工程造价行为准则

在建筑工程项目管理中,既能确保工期、质童,又能注重成本管理,撞制和把握合理的造价,以最小的成本换取最大的效益,是每个建设单位都比较关注关心的问题,降低工程造价重要的方法就是抓住影响工程造价的各个环节和主要因素,规范工程造价管理体系,采取互相制约互相监督的有效措施,控制建设过程中的各个环节.     

基于全流程的工程造价控制链分析

<正>一目前我国工程造价管理存在的主要问题近十多年来,随着我国建筑业的快速发展,我国工程造价领域正在经历"由政府指导定价走向市场形成造价""由传统的定额计价模式转变为清单计价模式"的变更,与此同时,我国工程计价管理也出现了一些亟待解决的问题。(一)工程造价管理的目的不明确表现在很多单位及造价管理人员认为造价管理的目的就是"省钱",简单地理解为:造价管理=编制预算(概、预、结算)。(二)造价管理主体和系统性工程造价管理体系     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

Multinomial distributions applied to random sampling of particulate materials

When sampling a batch consisting of particulate material, the distribution of a sample estimator can be characterized using knowledge about the sample drawing process. With Bernoulli sampling, the number of particles in the sample is binomially distributed. Because this is rarely realized in practice, we propose a sampling design in which the possible samples have a nearly equal mass. Expected values and variances of the sample estimator are calculated. It is shown that the sample estimator becomes identical to the Horvitz–Thompson estimator in the case of a large batch-to-sample mass ratio and a large sample mass. Simulations and experiments were performed to test the theory. Simulations confirm that the round-off error due to the discrete nature of particles is negligible for large sample sizes. Sampling experiments were carried out with a mixture of PolyPropylene (PP) and PolyTetraFluorEthylene (PTFE) spheres suspended in a viscous medium. The measured and theoretical variations are in good agreement.