三大财富及其关系研究

财富可以分为劳动财富、自然财富和人文财富三种。其中,劳动财富是人类劳动创造的;自然财富是大自然赋予人类的;人文财富是在人类生活中自然产生的,或者历史遗留下来的。三大财富之间不是孤立的,而是存在既统一又对立的关系。中国应当从过去仅仅关注劳动财富的单一求解向同时关注劳动财富、自然财富和人文财富三大财富的综合求解转变,而为实现这一转变,必须对我们的生产方式、生活方式、发展方式进行重新选择定位。同时,在区域协调发展上,中国应当改变过去那种忽略地区资源禀赋差异的做法,不是在各个地区采用相同发展模式,而是通过建立发展选择机制、市场交换机制、财富平衡机制,实现三大财富的区域统筹。     

共享发展理念、新型工业化与支出政策

推进新型工业化是落实共享发展理念的重要举措。研究新型工业化必须拓宽视野,全方位认识推进新型工业化产生的多重共享发展效应。共享发展理念包括全民共享、全面共享、共建共享、渐进式共享四层内涵。推进新型工业化产生了三重共享发展效应：一是推动了全民消费进步;二是稳住了消费物价;三是支撑了公共产品供给优化。推进新型工业化需要政府更好发挥引导作用。支出政策是政府引导新型工业化推进的主要手段之一。当前,推进新型工业化已进入新阶段。运用支出政策引导推进新型工业化可从如下三方面入手：一是加大投入支持工业产业基础高级化与产业链现代化;二是加大投入支持电子商务提质转型;三是加大投入支持人工智能技术更多引入公共产品供给。     

构筑西部新服装产业重地

西部将形成新服装产业集群 新型工业化道路在本质上就是技术进步重点的工业化,决定了技术进步在服装产业发展中的核心地位.技术进步体现在服装产业变化上就是:服装产业领域高新技术成功开发转化;高新技术改造服装产业;服装产业的服务化及服务产业化.这对整个产业提出要求,也为西部和东北地区具有科技实力的城市,在新型工业化的过程中提供了发展的机遇.服装产品的需求,在品牌化的前提下,向时尚化和功能化趋势发展,通过技术进步,提升产业链,生产出高附加值的服装产品.     

知识经济呼唤企业创新

所谓知识经济，是指再生产过程中主要依靠脑力劳动或新型劳动创造价值与财富的经济。这个定义是说，对知识经济要分两个时期进行分析：在工业经济占主导的时期，知识经济只是国民经济的一部分（成分），其生产分为两种情况，一是在体力与脑力劳动存在分工的情况下，脑力劳动者创造科技成果、进行设计，由体力劳动者转化为知识产品，目前许多高新技术产品属于这种情况；二是目前就有体力与脑力劳动相结合的新型劳动，这些劳动者创造的产品，都属于知识经济的范围。到知识经济占主导的时代，新型劳动者将是知识经济生产、传播、交换和利用的主…     

中国制造业“新型化”及其评价研究

环境约束和自主创新能力不强已成为中国制造业发展面临的主要瓶颈,未来中国制造业必须走"新型化"发展道路。本文首次从经济创造能力、科技创新能力、能源节约能力、环境保护能力和社会服务能力五个方面阐述制造业"新型化"内涵,并在五维内涵的基础上构建了包含经济指标、科技指标、能源指标、环境指标和社会服务指标在内的制造业"新型化"评价指标体系。本文对中国制造业"新型化"程度进行了评价,整体评价结果表明:2003—2012年,中国制造业"新型化"程度不断提高,制造业整体发展态势良好。区域评价结果显示:2012年,区域制造业"新型化"程度呈明显的阶梯化分布格局,东部地区的制造业"新型化"程度综合能力最高、东北和中部地区次之、西部地区最低。省域评价结果表明:2012年,各地区制造业"新型化"程度综合能力存在显著差异,东部地区江苏、广东、山东、浙江和上海的综合能力强,天津、北京和福建较强,海南和河北较弱:中部地区安徽、河南、湖南和湖北较强,江西较弱,山西弱;西部地区重庆和四川较强,陕西、广西和内蒙古较弱,甘肃、宁夏、青海、贵州、云南、新疆和西藏弱;东北地区辽宁和吉林较强,黑龙江较弱。     

义乌打造针织创新平台

2010年是针织业技术飞速发展的一年,不论是新型纤维和面料的研发,还是印花技术的创新,都进一步体现了针织产品的功能性和时尚感;企业也更多地选用可再生资源来增添针织产品特色,创造出更广阔的市场空间。优质展会历来是行业的晴雨表和风向标,即将于今年11月23—25日在浙江义乌国际博览中心举办的“第十二届中国（义乌）国际袜子、...     

“十四五”房地产发展新格局

未来5年中国房地产业有五大新投资机会:聚集城市内涵发展的城市更新;人口和产业流入的都市圈发展;高人口基数下的县级市;以整合资源为特征的新型地产;满足美好生活的完整和健康社区。三大政策要点贯彻"十四五"始终《"十四五"规划建议》的核心要义体现在三个"新"上——新发展阶段、新发展理念、新发展格局。新阶段是未来的高质量发展阶段,新发展理念指五大发展理念,创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享。新发展格局则是以国内大循环为主体,国内国外"双循环"相互促进发展的新格局。     

引领内衣时代潮流——访福建省晋江市深沪镇镇长张世雄

为推广各地纺织产业集群发展经验,引导中国纺织工业走新型工业化道路,受中国纺织工业协会委托,中国纺织企管协会和纺织信息周刊联合开展“纺织产业集群巡礼”活动。本刊记者走进深沪镇,专程采访了深沪镇镇长张世雄。记者:从最初的“一条短裤闯天下”,到今天“小商品,大市场,大产业”格局的形成,深沪的奇迹是怎样创造的?张镇长:深沪镇素有“峙海金狮”的美誉。河岸线长18公里,深沪湾自然、人文资源丰富。距今50-80万年前就有旧石器时代遗迹;宋朝时建有崇真殿;明朝留下的抗倭遗址及许多可歌可泣的英雄事迹;清朝时建有朝拜胜地的镇海宫,可以说…     

关于核产业金融发展的思考

<正>产业发展对资金的需求犹如人体对血液的要求,而金融在提供资金来源方面起到了决定性的作用。产业是基础平台,金融起到催化剂和倍增剂的作用,金融与产业互动能够创造新的价值,加速财富累积。从资本的角度做产业,产业的财富放大效应会迅速增加。金融与产业融合才能产生放大效应,产生大价值。发展产业金融的必要性近年来,中核集团经过一系列重组整合后,构建起了核动力、核电、核燃料、天然铀、核环保工程、核技术应用、非核民品、新能源等八大产业板块。面对新的发展机遇,中核集团应着力打造金融     

孙茵:以城市运营助力城镇化可持续发展

为了更好的适应市场需要与时代发展要求,天朗集团全面升级原有城系开发模式,开始全面构建投融资能力,开发建设能力以及产业综合运营能力等三大核心能力,同时提出了天朗产业园和文化集的开发模式,开拓出城市运营发展的全新模式。对此,本刊记者专访了天朗控股集团董事长孙茵女士。《中国房地产业》:根据新型城镇化带来的可能,天朗集团在战略上做出了怎样相应的调整?     

经营类型、经营周期和物质财富创造

现代社会企业的经营活动包含生产型经营活动、服务型经营活动、衍生型经营活动三大类，每一种经营活动的经营周期和创造物质财富的方式与速度并不相同。生产型经营活动从开始经营到财富创造需要1到10年不等的经营周期，服务型经营活动需要6个月到3年不等的经营周期，衍生型经营活动有可能在几分钟或几小时内使自己的财富增加。在当今社会中，发展中国家目前主要依靠生产型经营活动来创造财富，发达国家以服务型经营活动为主来创造财富，而美国、英国等老牌发达国家则主要通过衍生型经营活动获得财富。中国仍然处于生产型经营为主的发展阶段，美国金融危机告诉我们，真正增加物质财富的还是生产型经营活动。掌握生产型经营活动的规律性，促进生产型经营活动健康发展，应当是中国人在相当长一段时期共同努力的方向。     

Economic and agricultural development in West Asia and North Africa : The need for agricultural research

This paper analyses the role of agriculture in the economic development of West Asia and North Africa, with special reference to the interactions between oil wealth, population growth, agricultural development and the need for agricultural research. Since the 1960s agricultural supply lagged behind demand, which grew rapidly as a result of population increases and rising incomes. Following the oil recession of the 1980s it was felt that the development of the agricultural sector should be less dependent on other sectors, particularly oil. The possible roles of agriculture in the region's future economic development are outlined, with the implications for agricultural research. Special attention is given to the natural resource constraints affecting the region's agriculture (particularly water), and to the issues influencing the identification of research priorities.     

商业银行理财经理激励机制存在的问题及对策分析

理财经理的角色和地位在商业银行个人理财业务发展中越来越重要,如何对其进行有效地激励已经成为商业银行管理中面临的新问题。当前商业银行对理财经理的激励机制中存在激励方式单一,缺乏长期激励机制,绩效考核体系不合理以及职业发展体系不健全等问题,应该通过构建优秀的企业文化,完善非物质激励方式,强化长期激励机制,建立公正科学的考核评价体系,完善理财经理的激励机制,更好地促进商业银行个人理财业务长远健康发展。     

Do ICTs drive wealth inequality? Evidence from a dynamic panel analysis

Surprisingly, little is known about the cross-country effect of information and communication technology (ICT) on wealth inequality. At the same time, there is some tentative evidence suggesting that information and communication technology is positively correlated with income inequality. However, whether and how ICT affects wealth inequality is less explored, particularly because of the lack of reliable data on wealth inequality. This paper, therefore, fills this gap and contributes to this new literature by investigating the effect of ICT on wealth inequality in a sample of 45 developed and developing countries over the period 2000–2017. ICT is measured with six different indicators (including internet penetration, mobile penetration, ICT service exports, the ICT index, ICT quality, and ICT quantity), while wealth inequality is measured with three different indicators (comprising billionaire wealth to GDP, the Top 1% wealth share, and the Top 10% wealth share). The empirical analysis is based on the Generalised Method of Moments, and the results show that ICT increases wealth inequality. Furthermore, we show that democracy mitigates the increasing effect of ICT on wealth inequality. This result suggests that improving democracy in both developed and developing countries is an effective mechanism for mitigating the effects of ICT on wealth inequality. Therefore, we encourage efforts to implement democratic institutions that ensure respect for citizens' freedoms, greater democratic accountability, and executive constraints that allow for a more egalitarian distribution of wealth.     

房地产市场广义虚拟财富效应测度研究

中国居民的财富特征与发达国家居民的财富特征明显不同,这是由于我国房地产市场发展程度、金融市场自由化程度、住房自有率的高低、房地产市场的投机程度以及人们对待房地产财富的观念等方面的差异所导致。本文基于广义虚拟经济的视角,利用我国30个大中城市1998—2009年的季度数据,建立房地产财富效应测度模型,对广义虚拟经济条件下房地产财富效应进行了实证检验。计算结果表明:我国30个大中城市的广义虚拟房地产财富效应表现形式存在明显个体差异,大部分城市的房地产财富效应为负,30个城市的总体房地产财富效应也为负,且系数较小不显著。这表明我国近年来房价持续上涨对居民消费产生了一定的挤出效果和抑制作用,但从全国总体来看这种挤出和抑制作用并不明显。     

Status,Daten und Entwicklungen der globalen Energieversorgung

Global energy consumption is growing. The growth in energy consumption is now covered roughly equally by renewable energy resources and fossil energy resources. Nevertheless, crude oil, natural gas and coal continue to form the backbone of energy supplies. This means that the dependency of energy supplies on fossil energy resources will continue for the foreseeable future. In Germany as well, there is no end in sight of the country decreasing its high dependency on imports of fossil energy resources despite the high growth rate of renewables—and due in part to the decline in domestic production and the withdrawal from nuclear power generation. Crude oil, natural gas, hard coal and lignite with a share of around 80%, still make the largest contribution to the German and global primary energy consumption.All of the renewables together cover around 17% of global energy consumption. Despite the almost inexhaustible potential, making energy generation from renewable sources available at a large scale and commensurate with demand is still in its infancy. By way of contrast, very large reserves of fossil energy resources have already been developed for many years, and are being used in growing quantities. The global comparison of already produced and therefore consumed energy resources and the still existing reserves and resources, reveal that large non-depleted energy potential still exists in all regions around the world. Whilst the potential hardly appears to be touched in Austral-Asia, in the CIS and North America, only a small portion has been produced to date even in Europe. This wealth in resources is primarily attributable to the large deposits of coal found on all continents, which, unlike conventional crude oil and natural gas, are not restricted to a few special regions. Although the Middle East is an extremely important region for crude oil and natural gas, the minor coal reserves in the area mean that its overall potential is comparatively small.     

The effect of household wealth on the adoption of improved maize varieties in Zambia

Production and price risks that could render input use unprofitable sometimes prevent rural households from benefiting from input technological change. The household’s ability to cope with such risks and hence benefit from input technological change is often positively related to its wealth or stock of productive assets. Empirical evidence, however, suggests a non-linear relationship between wealth and adoption of new agricultural technologies so that within a rural community, households on the lower wealth continuum behave differently from those on the higher level. Using farm level data collected from 300 randomly selected households in three districts of Zambia in 2004/2005 crop season, this paper first stratifies households into poorly- and well-endowed households based on their access to productive assets and estimates separate double-hurdle models for the adoption of improved, high yielding maize (IHYM) varieties for each group. The results show that factors influencing the adoption and use intensity of IHYM varieties differ between the two groups. This draws attention to the need for recommending wealth group-specific interventions to increase the adoption and use intensity of such varieties and their subsequent impacts on food security and general livelihoods of the households. The explicit testing for the possibility that differences in household wealth affect the way in which other variables influence adoption decisions is the paper’s unique contribution to the adoption literature.     

我国主权财富基金的投资方向选择问题——基于国家利益原则的战略视角

我国主权财富基金的成立引起了全世界的关注,而事实上的投资实践并不成功。有关主权财富基金的投资一般仅仅被理解为化解巨额外汇储备风险,在世界范围内(特别是美国等发达国家)寻求具有稳妥收益的债券投资,而实际上美元贬值及国际金融危机等金融波动却造成巨额亏损。主权财富基金投资方向选择越来越成为重要的战略问题。本文从现阶段我国的国家利益原则出发,提出主权财富基金的投资方向主要是对外直接投资。通过对外直接投资为我国工业化发展提供稳定的基础资源(特别是能源)和技术供应,为国内企业走出去提供资金支持,从而获得国内产业升级和结构优化,实现国民经济的可持续发展和福利最大化。本文对直接投资的可行性进行了动态博弈分析,提出了主权财富基金参与对外直接投资的可行性由东道国对其收益与风险的衡量决定的观点。     

油气产量略有增长 未来发展面临严峻挑战--2019年俄罗斯油气工业综述

2019年,俄罗斯油气工业发展基本平稳,原油产量为5.60亿吨,比上年增长0.8%;原油一次加工量为2.85亿吨,比上年减少0.4%,出口量为2.68亿吨,比上年增加2.8%。天然气产量为7376亿立方米,比上年增加1.7%;天然气出口量为2199亿立方米,比上年减少0.3%;LNG产量和出口量分别达到2950万吨和2900万吨,较2018年分别增长47.4%和76.2%;天然气出口管道建设取得突破,中俄东线天然气管道和土耳其流天然气管道建成投产,实现出口供气。俄政府批准新版的《俄罗斯能源安全论》,明确了能源安全的目的、原则及重点方向与任务;批准车用天然气燃料市场发展规划,加快推动俄国内车用天然气燃料市场发展;通过《俄罗斯2035年能源发展战略》,明确了俄能源战略的5个关键目标。