完善我国银行表外业务核算的思路

加入WTO后,随着外资银行的进入,商业银行将从传统业务的竞争过渡到全方位、多品种、多形式的综合竞争,银行业的盈利重点开始向表外业务转移。这预示着今后银行业的竞争将围绕表外业务而展开,如何完善表外业务会计核算体系,成为我国目前面对的一个不可回避的现实。因此,借鉴西方银行的先进经验,建立起我国商业银行表外业务核算规范,已显得尤为重要。     

商业银行表外业务信息披露规范研究的国际比较

在经济发展飞速的时代,银行业发展一直是经济发展的重点.而表外业务的发展也在很大程度上影响银行业的发展.但是我国表外业务的发展一直比较滞后,尤其是在信息披露方面与国际规范有大的差异.本文分析了巴塞尔协议、国际会计准则以及美国财务会计准则对表外业务信息披露的规定,结合我国表外业务信息披露的发展情况,做出比较研究,提出我国在表外业务信息披露方面的不足之处,并希望得到改正与发展.     

我国商业银行表外业务的风险管理现状及措施

金融危机爆发以来,美国的多家银行相续倒闭,造成了数亿美元的损失。①此次金融危机也给我国商业银行带来了很大的影响:外资银行业绩的下滑和倒闭,造成我国商业银行海外直接投资的损失;出口萎缩、房地产市场波动加大,造成了我国商业银行表内外业务风险的加剧。有学者认为,银行表外业务是触发金融危机的重要因素之一。本次金融危机,给我国银行业发展表外业务敲响了警钟。随着我国银行业竞争的不断激烈,银行业市场的不断     

美国商业银行营销组合策略研究

一、美国银行营销组合策略之特征 1. 产品策略 (1)产品(业务)均衡化 从上世纪90年代以来,由于银行经营环境的变化和同业竞争加剧,美国银行业对经营领域进行了改革和战略性调整.在稳步发展传统业务的同时,积极开拓零售业务和表外业务,使美国银行业务发展不但呈现出多元化特征,而且呈现出均衡性特征.其均衡性主要表现在两个方面,即批发业务和零售业务的均衡化、表外业务和表内业务的均衡化.     

银行表外业务核算问题研究

随着金融体制改革的不断深入,我国金融业的竞争日益激烈,为求生存与发展,拓展表外业务乃是银行业务经营新的突破口和新的效益生长点。如何大力发展我国商业银行表外业务已是当前金融界重要的研究课题之一。作为银行基础工作的会计来说,任何一项银行业务都离不开银行会计工作,而且加强对表外业务的会计研究,对完善与银行业有关的具体会计准则,完成我国会计准则与国际惯例的协调也有着直接的作用。本文拟从会计角度,对表外业务核算与管理进行探讨。一、表外业务核算与管理中存在的问题１．对表外业务认识模糊,致使会计、统计口径不一,会计信息…     

加快我国商业银行表外业务的发展和创新的思考

目前我国商业银行在表外业务的经营上还存在着诸多问题。在国际银行纷纷将利润增长点转向表外业务的环境下,我国银行业必须及早、尽快调整业务经营结构和经营战略,加快表外业务的发展,加大表外业务创新的力度。根据我国实际状况,本文从近期、中期、远期三个层面对加快我国商业银行表外业务的发展和创新提出了一些设想。     

银行表外“黑洞”预警

大多数人对中国银行业的印象是保守,但从近两年银行表外业务的发展来看,其实不然。美银美林在今年上半年曾警示中国银行业表外业务和“表外之外的业务”潜藏的风险非常之大。在美国,表外业务按两类来划分：一类是承诺类,包括信贷承诺、信用卡未实现的额度等,     

美国商业银行营销组合策略研究

一、美国银行营销组合策略之特征1·产品策略(1)产品(业务)均衡化从上世纪90年代以来,由于银行经营环境的变化和同业竞争加剧,美国银行业对经营领域进行了改革和战略性调整。在稳步发展传统业务的同时,积极开拓零售业务和表外业务,使美国银行业务发展不但呈现出多元化特征,而且     

加快技展表外业务着力打造“表外农行”

农业银行的表外业务是指“不列入资产负债表，但占用经济资本或需农行承担风险的业务”或“在资产负债表内，属于信贷业务但不在信贷类科目核算的业务”。当前，各商业银行业务经营表外化已经成为不可逆转的趋势，业务竞争也由单一的表内业务竞争演变为表内、表外业务的全方位竞争。基层农行如何在打造“表外农行”的战略指引下，有效提升表外业务服务功能和价值回报，实现表外业务稳健和协调发展，已成为亟待解决的一个重要课题。     

银行业会计准则研究工作组2012年第一次会议在海口市召开

2012年3月31日,由中国银监会财会部主办、国家开发银行财会局承办的银行业会计准则研究工作组2012年第一次全体会议在海口成功举办。会议围绕国际会计准则改革最新进展,银行业实施XBRL通用分类标准,银行业理财业务、表外业务、     

New Evidence on the Determinants of Bank Risk

This paper uses equity returns for publicly traded US bank holding companies (BHCs) from 1997 to 2004 to identify the determinants of risk, measured by equity market volatility, and examine how they have evolved. The results indicate that balance sheet items such as commercial and industrial loans and consumer lending and income statement items such as other noninterest income drive the cross-sectional differences in BHC risk. Newly mandated regulatory data on the components of other noninterest income show that investment banking, servicing, securitization income, gains from loan sales, gains other asset sales, and other noninterest income are particularly volatile activities. This highlights the value of increased transparency as a means to improve market discipline and reduce the opacity of complex financial institutions. Finally, in the years after 2000, the locus of risk has shifted off of the balance sheet and onto the income statement as investors identify the new risks associated with evolving and expanding bank activities.     

Systemic Risk in the Chinese Shadow Banking System: A Sector-Level Perspective

We propose to measure the systemic risk in the shadow banking sector. Instead of testing how many institutions will fail due to the initial breakdown of one institution as extant network models do, we associate the systemic risk of one shadow banking sector with the total amount of unexpected losses it might generate both directly and indirectly. Our model focuses on balance sheet contagion and applies a loop algorithm to risk transfer. The result shows that trust companies were the main culprit of financial instability and commercial banks assumed the main risks over 2007–12 in the Chinese shadow banking system.     

政策连续性、非金融企业影子银行化与社会责任承担

基于2006-2017年非金融类A股上市公司数据,本文考察了非金融企业影子银行化对社会责任承担的影响,并进一步研究了政策连续性对非金融企业影子银行化与社会责任承担之间关系的影响。研究发现,非金融企业影子银行化会抑制社会责任承担行为,且这种效应在市场套利动机强、公司治理水平较低、外部融资能力弱的企业中更为明显。政策连续性程度提高会减弱非金融企业影子银行化与社会责任承担之间的负向关系。因此,本文提出抑制经济“脱实向虚”,增强政策稳定性和连续性,促进实体经济平稳发展的政策建议。     

An economic capital model integrating credit and interest rate risk in the banking book

Banks often measure credit and interest rate risk in the banking book separately and then add the risk measures to determine economic capital. This approach misses complex interactions between the two risk types. We develop a framework where these risks are analysed jointly. Since banking book positions are generally not marked to market, our model is based on book value accounting. Our simulations show that interactions matter, and that ignoring them leads to risk overstatement. The magnitude of the errors depends on the structure of the balance sheet and on the repricing characteristics of assets and liabilities.     

Back to the basics in banking? A micro-analysis of banking system stability

This paper analyzes the relationship between banks’ divergent strategies toward specialization and diversification of financial activities and their ability to withstand a banking sector crash. We first generate market-based measures of banks’ systemic risk exposures using extreme value analysis. Systemic banking risk is measured as the tail beta, which equals the probability of a sharp decline in a bank’s stock price conditional on a crash in a banking index. Subsequently, the impact of (the correlation between) interest income and the components of non-interest income on this risk measure is assessed. The heterogeneity in extreme bank risk is attributed to differences in the scope of non-traditional banking activities: non-interest generating activities increase banks’ tail beta. In addition, smaller banks and better-capitalized banks are better able to withstand extremely adverse conditions. These relationships are stronger during turbulent times compared to normal economic conditions. Overall, diversifying financial activities under one umbrella institution does not improve banking system stability, which may explain why financial conglomerates trade at a discount.     

Commercial bank net interest margins,default risk,interest-rate risk,and off-balance sheet banking

This paper tests the hypothesis that banks with more risky loans and higher interest-rate risk exposure would select loan and deposit rates to achieve higher net interest margins. Call Report data for different size classes of banks for 1989–1993 show that the net interest margins of commercial banks reflect both default and interest-rate risk premia. The net interest margins of money-center banks are affected by default risk, but not by interest rate risk, which is consistent with their greater concentration in short-term assets and off-balance sheet (OBS) hedging instruments. By contrast, (super-) regional banking firms are sensitive to interest-rate risk but not to default risk. The data show that OBS activities promote a more diversified, margins-generating asset base than deposit- or equity-financing, and that cross-sectional differences in interest-rate risk and liquidity risk are related to differences in OBS exposure.     

Financial markets development,business cycles,and bank risk in South America

In this paper, we examine whether banking crises or business cycles affect the influence of financial markets development on bank risk in a sample of 37 publicly listed commercial banks in seven South American countries over a 22-year period between 1991 and 2012. Banking crises in this region offer a natural setting in which the impact of financial markets development on bank risk is examined. We find that financial markets development improves banks’ capitalization ratio and reduces their exposure to non-traditional banking activities, suggesting that financial markets development on average reduces bank risk. In addition, banking crises and business cycles appear to moderate the impact of financial markets development on bank risk. In the aftermath of banking crises, banks appear to concentrate more on their core traditional banking activities.     

新企业会计准则体系的特征及其对银行业的影响

财政部于2006年初发布的新企业会计准则是对我国会计制度的重大改革,它将对我国银行业的财务状况及经营管理产生影响.就总体而言,新准则的实施有利于企业披露信息质量的提高.从银行业角度看,新准则使银行的资产负债分类方式发生改变,有助于银行进行风险管理;新准则引入公允价值,使银行金融工具的价值变化得以及时反映,同时增大了银行经营成果的波动;新准则理念先进,预示着管理模式的变迁,对银行业的经营理念提出新的挑战,要求银行管理者与从业人员加快转变经营理念,转变业务增长方式.新准则增加了银行进行资本管理的难度,并对从业人员的执业能力提出了更高要求.     

Banking industry volatility and banking crises

While studies using balance sheet information of banks and macroeconomic indicators to forecast banking crises are prolific, empirical research using market information of banks is relatively sparse. We investigate whether banking industry volatility, constructed with the disaggregated approach from Campbell et al. [Campbell, J.Y., Lettau, M., Malkiel, B.G., Xu, Y., 2001. Have individual stocks become more volatile? An empirical exploration of idiosyncratic risk? The Journal of Finance 56, 1–43] using exclusively publicly available market information of banks, is a good predictor of systemic banking crises in the analyses including data from 18 developed and 18 emerging markets. We find that banking industry volatility performs well in predicting systemic banking crises for developed markets but very poor for emerging markets, which suggest that the impact of market forces on the soundness of the banking system might be different for developed and emerging markets. We also find that those macroeconomic and banking risk management indicators have different impact on the probability of banking crises. Therefore, the traditional cross-country results of the studies on banking crises need to be interpreted cautiously.     

U.S. banking regulations and foreign banks' entry into the United States

This study provides a review of foreign banking activities in the U.S. over the past decade. Foreign banking entry into the United States has occurred through representative offices, branches, agencies, subsidiary banks, Edge Act offices, and investment companies. The total assets of foreign offices, branches, and subsidiaries in the U.S. increased 310 percent, while total assets of domestically owned commercial banks increased 99 percent. Foreign interests are not currently dominating U.S. banking activities. The shares of balance sheet accounts for foreign entrants are growing more rapidly than domestic institutions in six states, but not in New York and California. To eliminate any disadvantages U.S. institutions may face in competing with foreign banks, American state and federal banking laws need to be liberalized.