稳中求新，构建银行贵金属业务新图谱

<正>贵金属业务虽然是一个“小众”业务，但其整体风险仍然呈现“大众化”。尤其是贵金属业务在金融属性之外叠加了商品属性，因而其风险的来源和种类更加多元。银行加强贵金属业务风险管理成为贵金属业务高质量发展的当务之急。探究贵金属业务风险本源与特征贵金属业务呈现风险密集型特征，风险溯源成为对症施治的重中之重。在新的经济金融环境和监管政策下，由于内外部原因引发的贵金属业务风险越来越突出，在实物类、融货类和交易类业务中，积累了信用风险、市场风险、操作风险、合规风险、声誉风险、洗钱风险等11种风险，呈现风险密集型特征。     

商业银行前台操作风险管理思考

前台业务操作风险是商业银行经营中面临的一项重要风险，特别是在近期银行业大案要案频发的情况下，前台业务操作风险已成为银行风险的重要根源和管理难点。本文在对前台业务操作风险的类型和产生原因进行深入分析的基础上，提出了相应的前台业务操作风险防范对策。     

“双碳”背景下新能源投资业务审计评价体系构建

新能源业务快速发展的同时也逐渐暴露出一些问题，增加了相关风险，需要创新审计评价体系，提升内部审计质量，助力新能源业务高质量发展。本文通过对新能源投资业务主要风险及审计重点的识别，筛选并确定了新能源投资业务审计风险的影响因素，基于模糊层次分析法建立了新能源投资业务审计风险评价体系，为量化新能源投资业务的审计风险等级及具体程度提供了决策依据。     

银行保兑仓业务的法律风险及防范

近年来，中小企业因多种原因导致融资难的问题一直制约着企业的发展。如何帮助企业解决这一难题，商业银行也始终在积极的探索有效的方案，其中具有多方共赢的保兑仓业务融资方式应运而生，但新的金融业务可能产生新的法律风险。本文旨在通过对保兑仓业务发展状况的介绍和对其潜在风险的分析，从促进商业银行业务发展和防范风险的角度，对我国保兑仓业务的操作方案和风险控制进行了研究，提出了防范业务风险的具体措施。     

做好人民银行事后监督的对策与建议

对于中央银行基础业务风险，各地探索较多．对风险的分类也有不同的说法，可从人的角度来分，司从岗位的角度来分，可从职责的角度来分，可从业务流程的角度来分，一般地说，大多将业务风险分为人员风险、素质风险、道德风险、制度风险、管理风险、操作风险、技术风险、体制风险等。本文结合基层央行业务事后监督工作的实际，站在具体业务操作的角度看问题，     

信用卡的风险及其防范

信用卡的风险及其防范迟兰信用卡业务在银行业务中是一项高风险的业务。信用卡风险主要指发行和授理信用卡的机构在营运过程中，可能造成资金损失的危险程度。信用卡业务的高收益决定了它的高风险性。只有全面、客观地认识信用卡业务的风险，采取有效措施防范风险的发生，...     

浅论商业银行开展国际保理业务的法律风险

国际保理业务作为国外银行的一种成熟的业务，在中国有着巨大的市场潜力。在国内银行纷纷大力发展国际保理业务的今天，正视其面临的法律风险显得尤为重要。本分析了商业银行开展国际保理业务面临的主要法律风险，并提出了建立防范风险机制的建议。     

银行业务创新与风险防范

商业银行是市场竞争主体，承担风险而取得收益，考虑收益当然也就要考虑风险，收益与风险的配比是银行开发新业务的立足点。业务创新是个综合的过程，在业务创新的过程中，有效控制风险才能促进业务创新，保障新业务的健康发展。     

农发行商业性贷款潜在风险及防范措施

农业发展银行自开办商业性贷款业务以来，业务得到了迅速发展，一方面有力的支持了社会主义新农村建设，另一方面也促进其自身经营效益的不断提高。但在业务不断发展壮大过程中，潜在的风险因素也逐渐显现，本文依照风险防范为本的原则，从多角度分析了其潜在风险，对如何有效规避农发行商业性贷款风险进行了初步探讨。     

我国银行债券投资业务风险及防控研究

目前．债券投资业务已成为银行拓宽资金运用渠道和改善资产结构的主要工具，债券投资收益已成为银行收入的重要来源．但银行在债券投资业务的风险管理、内部控制等方面的问题逐步显露，其潜在风险应给予关注。本文总结了我国银行业债券投资现状，揭示了我国银行债券投资业务面临的主要风险，提出了防控我国银行业债券投资业务风险的对策建议。     

Evolutionary Approaches and the Construction of Technology-Driven Regulations

Innovation technologies have substantially changed commerce and society. A new financial industry in the form of financial technology (fintech) initiated the era of the digital economy. At the same time, inherent risks in technology-driven financial innovations, such as technical risks, information asymmetry, and even potential systemic risks, necessitate regulatory responses. However, insufficient regulatory techniques, outdated financial laws, and conservative regulatory concepts make it difficult for traditional regulations based on financial intermediaries to adapt to the current environment of decentralized financial transactions. Technology-driven regulations focused on data monitoring could be a remedy for the inefficiency and ineffectiveness of traditional financial regulations and enhance effective protection of financial consumers’ rights and interests. This new regulatory model aims to build a system that integrates equal access to information on blockchain transactions by both parties to it (i.e., the regulators and the financial institutions they regulate) for the purpose of oversight, intelligent real-time oversight, and an experimental sandbox for developing regulatory technology. This dynamic and flexible financial regulatory system could effectively address fintech risks.     

关于开放市场条件下防范系统性风险的研究

随着经济金融全球化程度的加深,评价和防范开放经济条件下一国系统性金融风险的重要性日益明显。文章根据系统性金融风险的表现形式,提出了一个三层次的风险评价指标体系,并通过熵值法确定各子系统风险因子之间的权重。实证分析结果显示,近年来我国金融业总体稳健程度得到有效提升,但未来仍需密切关注风险因素的动态变化,采取切实有效的措施夯实系统性金融风险管理体系建设。     

国债市场发展与金融风险防范

对于整个金融体系而言,国债市场发挥着核心金融市场的功能,表现为离流动性国债市场对提高金融稳定性、高效率的国债市场对于防范金融危机,部具有极其重要的作用。在此基础上,文章介绍了国偾管理中,以及国债市场运行中可能存在的风险,并就提高债券市场流动性,以及商业银行提高利率风险管理水平提出相关建议。     

An integrated macroprudential stress test of bank liquidity and solvency

We propose a new measure of systemic financial distress that incorporates idiosyncratic and systemic risks in the financial system network. Using this measure, we develop an integrated stress test of bank liquidity and solvency risks based on the dynamics of financial distress within the banking system network. We apply this stress test framework to the US banking system and identify systemic vulnerability of individual banks as well as the resilience of the system as a whole to an economic shock. The framework helps us identify and monitor systemic interdependencies between banks. The proposed stress testing framework is useful for practical macroprudential monitoring and is informative for policy making.     

Effectiveness of Macroprudential Policies in Developing Asia: An Empirical Analysis

Before the 2008 global financial crisis, bank monitoring focused primarily on risks to individual institutions, or what are generally referred to as prudential risks. Regulators thus failed to consider that a buildup of macroeconomic risks and vulnerabilities could pose systemic risk to the financial sector. The global credit crisis showed the inadequacy of purely prudential surveillance systems and the need for bank supervisors to better detect the buildup of macroeconomic risks before they can threaten the financial system. This article presents an empirical framework for analyzing how effectively macroprudential policies control credit growth, leverage growth, and housing price appreciation. Two significant findings emerge. Broadly, macroprudential policies can indeed promote financial stability in Asia. More specifically, different types of macroprudential policies are proved effective for different types of macroeconomic risks.     

金融风险的信息质量特征与我国金融会计制度改革

本文着眼于巴塞尔新资本协议第三次征求意见稿提出的金融风险监管和信息披露框架,以我国金融会计制度的国际化协调为切入点,分析了信用风险、市场风险和操作风险等金融风险的构成要素,指出现有监管信息系统和会计体系存在的问题.同时,本文还评价了我国新<金融企业会计制度>等规范对金融风险的披露和监管特征,分析了新制度对银行类上市公司所产生的影响,并提出了建立以风险计量会计披露为核心的监管体系的构想.本文最后对协同新巴塞尔协议的监管原则,建立完整的银行业信息披露框架,形成动态信息披露机制提出了一些建议.     

金融全球化进程中金融风险的防范与化解(英文)

在全球金融化的进程中,金融活动在全球范围内得到扩展和深化,同时每个金融主体也面临着不同程度的风险,很多因素都可能加强金融风险,其中包括人为因素和系统因素。而包括中国在内的发展中国家在抵御可能的风险方面能力较弱,所以我们更加需要采取正确并积极的方式来抵御金融风险。     

基于现金流量模型的高校财务风险评价体系

高校资金运营的监管已成为高校风险管理的核心,本文从现金流量的角度来研究高校财务风险问题。在界定高校财务风险内涵的基础上,将其划分为高校日常运营风险、投资风险及筹资风险。基于现金流量表的编制,本文构建了现金流量模型下的高校财务风险评价体系,并通过算例检验了体系的适用性。结果表明,该体系有助于评价高校财务风险状况、说明高校财务风险的具体成因,为防范与控制高校财务风险提供了一种有效的诊断工具。     

Things are different today: the challenge of global systemic risks

While most OECD countries have been rather successful in reducing risks to human lives, health, and the quality of the environment, the record for new global risks such as climate change, pandemics, financial breakdowns, and social inequality is much less convincing. This is the challenge of systemic risks. Since the global financial crisis, it has received rapidly growing attention. However, considerable conceptual confusion mars research on and practical responses to this challenge. We undertake an effort of conceptual clarification, starting with the paradigmatic example of the financial crisis. This leads to a view of global systems as involving an interplay between micro- and macrodynamics internal to the system, with the system simultaneously interacting with its environment. Such dynamics typically show periods of stability, punctuated by situations opening up several possible futures. Alternative global futures, like other prospects, constitute risks for an agent if she considers some of these futures as less desirable than others. Agents may have lexicographic preferences over futures they would like to avoid, so as to consider some futures as just undesirable, but others as catastrophic. If an agent expects some of the relevant futures at a bifurcation point of a global system to be catastrophic in this sense, they are faced with a systemic risk.     

金融全球化与金融风险

中国入世标志着中国经济已开始融入世界经济体系之中 ,而在经济全球化进程中伴随着金融全球化的大趋势 ,金融全球化对各国经济和金融体系既是机遇 ,也加大了风险 ,在金融全球化的环境下中国银行体系中存在的大量不良贷款和远不能满足巴塞尔协议要求的资本充足率 ,使中国银行业存在现实和隐含的金融风险。中国的商业银行和金融监管当局必须采取有力的对策来应对挑战