2008，拷问企业信誉

<正>在竞争环境,信誉展现企业最突出的优势在买方市场,信誉奠定企业最坚实的基础在信息社会,信誉造就企业最核心的资本在全球化时代,信誉赋予企业整合国际资源最强大的权利众所周知,信誉是企业的公信力,是企业在社会中所获得的美誉度和信任度,在员工、消费者、合作伙伴、股东等利益相关者中占据重要地位,是企业的无形资产。信誉是企业双方合作的前提,是保证契约实施的重要机制。事实表明,一个企业的信誉的价值在于,在顺境里,良好的信誉是企业资产增值的助推器,能为企业     

因子分析在评价环境污染中的应用

一、引言 改革开放以来,中国经济取得了世人为之瞩目的成就,伴随着改革开放的不断深入和工业化的迅速推进,中国城市化的进程开始加速.城市化一方面孕育了城市现代文明,促进了经济、文化和科技的发展,改变了人们的传统生活观念;另一方面由于发展的需要,从环境获取资源的数量越来越多,排放到环境中的气体、液体和固体废弃物也迅猛增加,既造成环境污染,又造成自然资源的破坏和再生能力的下降.     

一个虚伪世界的可怕

经典电影《楚门的世界》用黑色喜剧的方式,向我们展现了一个被控制的虚假的封闭世界。在这个世界里,主人公楚门从出生的那一刻起便成为了导演克里斯托弗手中的棋子:他的人生、他的世界、他的亲人、他的朋友都是假的,每个人对楚门说过、做过的一切都是表演,所有的     

浅谈人力资源会计计量与报告模式构建思路

人力资源是指能以货币计量的,可以控制的并能为企业带来经济效益的经济资源.从会计的产生和发展的历史看,会计的存在是由资源(包括人力资源)的有限性与人类需求无限性之间的矛盾所决定的,存在着一种内在的要求,高级技术或管理人员的招聘费用,应计列为本期费用,并与当期收入配比,结果必然影响资产负债表和损益表所反映的企业财务状况的经营成果.     

无机透明绝热涂料的研制

人类积极开发太阳能,以节约有限的资源.但太阳的强烈辐射所产生的热量也给人们的生活带来很多不便.在发达国家,冷气机组、空调设备和电风扇等降温设备所用的能量,占全年总能耗的20%以上;在中国,这些设备消耗的能量则高达41%左右,而且每年都有增加的趋势.造成这些能源过高的损耗,与建筑物采取的隔热保温措施有着很大的关系.     

珠江三角洲区域经济分析

一、珠三角和长三角范围的界定 学术界按照不同的标准对珠江三角洲(以下简称珠三角)和长江三角洲(以下简称长三角)有不同的划分.其中最重要的划分有广义的和狭义两种,广义的长三角包括江苏、浙江和上海两省一市的所有地区;狭义的长三角包括上海、苏南和浙北的15个城市.广义的珠三角包括广东省和香港、澳门两个特别行政区,狭义的珠三角包括广东境内的9座城市.     

期货交易所违规行为的剖析与防范

在现行的法律中,《期货交易所管理办法》是目前为止唯一的直接专门作用于期货交易、明确其职权责任、维护期货交易正常秩序的法律规范,体现了国家对期货交易所的监督监管.然而,从相关的条文中,我们不难看出,现有的法律法规在涉及期货交易所行为规范的时候,往往只偏重于对交易所自身组织结构和会员管理的规定.对于期货交易所的违规行为,特别是针对违规行为的具体表现方式的界定与惩治呈现真空状态.     

市场经济呼唤企业应聘者提高人文素质

高等学校是培养高级专门人才的摇篮,当今,我国高校究意应培养什么样的人才来迎接激烈的国际竞争和新技术革命的挑战?这是我们广大高等教育工作共同关心的问题.严格说来,当代的大学毕业生不仅应有丰富的专业知识,还必须在哲学、语言学、文学、艺术、历史、法律、伦理学和心理学等领域有较丰富的人文知识,有较高的文化素养,有正确的世界观和人生观,有高尚的思想情操和社会责任感.     

基于信息技术的ERP与学习型企业关系的探讨

一、引言 近年来,ERP系统以其科学的企业管理理论,先进的信息技术手段,以及众多国际著名企业成功应用示范效应,赢得企业界的热烈追求.ERP系统无论是在中国,还是在全世界都掀起了一场关于管理思想和管理技术的革命.ERP最初是从制造业领域发展起来的,侧重于对生产性企业的物料、库存的管理,但实际上ERP代表的是企业内部的各种资源,可以是有形的(如原材料、半成品等),也可以是无形的,如时间、资金等.它是借用新的管理模式来改造企业原有的管理模式,是一种先进的、行之有效的管理思想和方法,它解决的是资源计划问题.     

北环中心“中央群”现象惊出

以往，北京多以“商圈”来命名某个具有独特个性、相对成熟、稳定的商业区，如大家常说的四大商圈，即最新崛起的代表尊贵商务领域版图的建国门经济带、代表新经济公司活力无限的中关村、汇集金融势力的金融街以及汇集中国中小型成熟公司的亚奥板块。伴随着位于马甸附近的北环中心开盘，“中央群”概念也随之浮出水面。据北环中心负责人介绍，之所以称为“中央群”，是由北环中心所在区域特定的地理位置及北环中心本身的属性所决定的。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

Multinomial distributions applied to random sampling of particulate materials

When sampling a batch consisting of particulate material, the distribution of a sample estimator can be characterized using knowledge about the sample drawing process. With Bernoulli sampling, the number of particles in the sample is binomially distributed. Because this is rarely realized in practice, we propose a sampling design in which the possible samples have a nearly equal mass. Expected values and variances of the sample estimator are calculated. It is shown that the sample estimator becomes identical to the Horvitz–Thompson estimator in the case of a large batch-to-sample mass ratio and a large sample mass. Simulations and experiments were performed to test the theory. Simulations confirm that the round-off error due to the discrete nature of particles is negligible for large sample sizes. Sampling experiments were carried out with a mixture of PolyPropylene (PP) and PolyTetraFluorEthylene (PTFE) spheres suspended in a viscous medium. The measured and theoretical variations are in good agreement.