粤港澳大湾区建设背景下广州深化战略定位的思考——以南沙为例

今年的全国两会,"粤港澳大湾区"被写入政府工作报告,上升为国家战略。粤港澳大湾区成为继纽约弯区、旧金山弯区、东京弯区等一流湾区之后的世界第四大湾区。在地图上,把广州、香港、澳门画一个三角形,可以看到南沙刚好在三角形的中间,距离珠三角两岸和港澳"9+2"城市最近,是连接弯区城市群的交通枢纽,亦是大湾区核心中的核心。本文从南沙国家新区、自贸片区"双区叠加"的地域优势出发,结合粤港澳大湾区建设的历史契机,通过对广州在既有优势下深化战略定位问题研究,探讨广州如何利用南沙优势在国家全面开放新格局背景下发挥更关键的作用。     

粤港澳大湾区科技金融体系建设的资源导入研究——以外资参与为例

粤港澳大湾区作为世界第四大湾区,正以中国速度,成为世界科技金融中心。当前,粤港澳大湾区科技金融资源丰富,实现多层级科技金融资源的整合,是促进其发展的内在需求。外资作为湾区科技金融体系建设的重要资源,应科学导入、合理配置,在促进粤港澳大湾区科技金融体系建设中,发挥重要作用。纽约“金融湾区”、旧金山“科技湾区”和东京“产业湾区”都可以成为粤港澳大湾区科技金融体系建设的样板。与此同时,粤港澳大湾区要立足实际情况,在打造具有自身特色的科技金融体系中,实现科技金融的协同发展。     

数字普惠金融、政府补助与中小企业创新

在国家以创新驱动发展为战略导向，谋求经济高质量发展的背景下，研究数字普惠金融对中小企业创新作用效果及作用机制具有重要意义。本文以2014-2020年在中小板与创业板上市公司的数据与省级数字普惠金融指数为研究对象，实证分析数字普惠金融对中小企业创新的激励效用及政府补助在其中所起的中介作用。研究表明，数字普惠金融的发展可以增加中小企业对创新的投入，且相比较而言在高科技行业、非国有企业以及东中部地区促进效果更明显。机制分析表明，政府补助在数字普惠金融与中小企业创新之间发挥了中介作用，但只在国有企业、高科技企业中发挥中介作用，在非国有企业、非高科技企业中，政府补助的中介效应不显著。     

促进粤港澳大湾区经济发展的税收制度优化

税收是政府调控经济的重要杠杆,粤港澳大湾区的发展需要良好的税收环境。由于历史原因,粤港澳大湾区内部实行不同的税收制度,可能对湾区发展带来不利影响,如不同的税收管辖权,可能引发有害的税收竞争;不同的商品税制度,影响湾区内部生产要素流通;企业所得税和个人所得税税收负担不同,不利于市场主体公平竞争和人才的自由流动;税收征管制度不同,影响征管效率。为了更好地促进粤港澳大湾区经济发展,应正确认识和有效利用湾区内部不同税收制度存在的事实,进一步优化内地的商品税和所得税制度,加强湾区内部的征管合作,提高征管效率。     

加快粤港澳大湾区城市群建设的几点思考——基于深圳市

加快建设粤港澳大湾区城市群具有重要战略意义.建立粤港澳大湾区城市群也是希望能够深化与港澳台合作,推动珠三角城市群和跨省区重大合作平台的建设,深圳在湾区建设中的排头兵作用和重要性也将是毋庸置疑的.粤港澳大湾区城市群的提出对深圳无疑是重大的利好,但是同时面临着诸多的制约因素.     

广东外语外贸大学粤港澳大湾区研究院院长申明浩:粤港澳大湾区科创生态圈日益活跃

到粤港澳大湾区创业去,已渐成热潮.自2019年2月中共中央、国务院印发《粤港澳大湾区发展规划纲要》以来,粤港澳大湾区建设不断提速,创新要素加速聚集,为粤港澳青年创新创业打开了广阔的空间. 如今,生长在港澳,奋斗在大湾区,已经成为越来越多港澳青年的选择.统计数字显示,目前广东已建成50多个港澳青年创新创业平台,港澳青年在广东创业的团队近600个,很多港澳青年在这里实现了自己的创业梦.     

粤港澳大湾区背景下的会计专业人才培养模式改革研究

随着粤港澳大湾区建设国家战略深入推进,粤港澳会计专业服务发展迎来了新的发展机遇,同时对会计专业人才培养带来新的挑战.本文分析了当前大湾区尤其是广东地区会计专业人才培养现状及存在的问题,以及大湾区对会计人才培养提出的新要求.以广东高职会计专业人才培养为例,把深化粤港澳大湾区会计专业人才培养模式改革作为切入点,以市场需求为牵引,重新定位培养目标,重构会计专业理论课程体系和实践教学体系,积极推动粤港澳三地会计专业人才培养合作,力求为粤港澳大湾区会计服务行业发展和会计专业人才培养建言献策.     

粤港澳大湾区绿色金融合作模式探析

2017年6月14日召开的国务院常务会议决定,在浙江、江西、广东、贵州、新疆5省(区)选择部分地方,建设各有侧重、各具特色的绿色金融改革创新试验区。作为绿色金融试点省之一的广东,在建设粤港澳大湾区的过程中,如何推动该区域内的绿色金融合作,从而促进整个大湾区的协同发展,值得深入研究。本文首先分析了粤港澳大湾区与国外知名湾区的差距,然后分析了大湾区经济可持续发展中存在的问题,据此提出大湾区实施绿色金融合作的必要性。继而梳理大湾区绿色金融合作面临的主要问题,提出了绿色金融合作模式设计方案。     

数字经济背景下粤港澳大湾区企业所得税协调机制研究

随着数字时代到来,数字经济融合创新将成为粤港澳大湾区合作发展的新方向.近年来内地与港澳地区之间一直探索税收征管协调方式,为大湾区提供良好的税收营商环境.然而,在"一国两制三法域"国情下,基于数字经济流动性、高效性与虚拟性的特征,现行粤港澳大湾区企业所得税协调机制存在的地区税收政策差异、区域税收安排不足、信息获取手段缺乏等问题,不利于区域数字经济融合创新发展.因此,立足于大湾区实际发展特征,从地区税收政策、区域税收安排、涉税信息获取等方面提出完善企业所得税协调机制的建议,推动湾区数字经济发展向更深层次迈进.     

粤港澳大湾区绿色债券市场国际化及其发展路径研究

近年来我国绿色债券市场蓬勃发展,发行规模居全球前列,但由于我国绿色债券的相关标准还未与国际接轨、绿色债券第三方认证企业的国际话语权不足、债券市场联通性不足等原因,我国绿色债券市场的国际化程度较低。粤港澳大湾区作为我国国际化程度最高、经济和金融最发达的区域之一,具备推动绿色债券市场国际化的现实基础。粤港澳大湾区绿色债券市场的国际化能推动我国绿色债券市场的成熟发展,提升我国债券市场的国际话语权。加快粤港澳大湾区绿色债券市场的国际化进程,建议通过政府主导加市场引导的方式,建立大湾区的绿色债券合作机制,打造一个有效率、有规则、有广度、有深度的国际性绿色债券市场,从而吸引国际投资者和融资者聚集粤港澳大湾区,推进粤港澳大湾区绿色债券市场国际化。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…