浅谈工程造价的几个重要阶段控制

近年来,我国工程造价管理出现了一些新问题,如何采取有效措施,使工程造价管理尽快纳入规范化、系统化、法制化轨道,已是当务之急.本文结合造价管理的经验,从投资决策阶段、设计阶段、招标投标阶段和项目实施阶段到竣工结算阶段阐述了如何对工程造价进行有效控制.     

分析工程招投标阶段的工程造价控制

随着我国社会主义市场经济的不断发展、国家政策的不断完善,我国工程建设无论是速度还是规模上都取得了重大突破.同时,建筑工程招标工作已经走上了科学化、规范化以及法制化的道路.工程造价是工程建设的关键,是工程建设的动态管理过程,工程造价管理水平直接影响着工程建设质量.新时期新背景下,加强工程招投标阶段的工程造价管理研究有着重要的现实意义.本文旨在研究我国工程招投标阶段工程造价管理现状,针对出现的问题提出解决策略,为我国工程招投标阶段工程造价管理方面的进一步发展提供一些可行性思路.     

谈水利工程造价管理

文章简述了工程造价管理的定义及特点,分析了工程造价管理各阶段存在的问题,并提出了相应的控制措施.     

浅析基于建筑项目施工阶段的工程造价控制措施

针对建筑项目施工阶段工程造价管理存在的问题,分析了该阶段工程造价管理的影响因素,提出了施工阶段工程造价控制措施,减少建筑企业因对工程造价管理的不合理利用造成资源的浪费。     

论工程造价全过程控制

本文结合工程造价管理经验,从项目决策阶段、项目设计阶段、项目实施阶段阐述了如何对工程造价进行全过程控制.     

工程造价成本控制方法浅析

随着我国加入WTO,建筑业也加紧结行业内的改革,以适应世界经济发展的需要,提高我国建筑业抵抗外部影响的能力,其重中之重即是工程造价管理的全面改革.建设工程造价管理贯穿于工程建设全过程,从工程建设立项到工程项目决策每个环节都存在着造价管理.因此加强工程造价管理,合理确定和有效控制工程造价,提高投资效益是全过程管理工程项目的主要内容.本文针对影响工程造价比较大的设计阶段、招标投标阶段、施工阶段、竣工结算阶段的工程造价成本控制措施发表一点拙见供广大同行商榷.     

浅议改扩建项目工程造价控制的难点

改扩建项目工程牵扯专业多,隐蔽工程复杂,不可预见因素多,这些原因往往会造成项目前期可研阶段与施工图阶段工程造价出入较大,工程造价管理失控.本文通过对改扩建项目的工程特点分析,查找工程造价出入的原因,提出改进措施,加强改扩建项目的工程造价管理.     

建设工程项目施工阶段工程造价管理

从施工阶段管理的内容,施工阶段影响工程造价的因素,施工阶段工程造价控制的措施以及施工阶段施工组织设计的优化几个方面进了阐述,对建设工程项目施工阶段的工程造价管理进行有效的管理。     

建设单位工程造价管理探析

工程造价的控制是一项系统性工程,它需要对管理、技术、质量、施工等环节进行综合考虑.为了解决工程建设中的资金需求与供给的矛盾,就要求各个环节的专业人员对资金的投入进行把控.在本文中,首先对投资决策阶段的工程造价控制进行了论述,接着分析了施工阶段的工程造价控制,最后研究了竣工决算阶段的工程造价控制.     

基于全过程造价理论的工程造价控制研究

采用规范研究与案例研究相结合的研究方法,从建设项目全过程的不同阶段、不同侧面分析我国建设项目工程造价管理的现状和存在的问题,指出全过程造价管理的必要性,提出了全过程造价管理的观点,并探讨了全过程造价控制的方法和措施.结合案例分析提出了建设项目各阶段工程造价的控制要点及其各个阶段造价管理的注意事项.     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Introduction of New Technology with a Sound Transition of the Input-Output Structure

We examine the general equilibrium repercussions associated with the introduction of new technologies, using the generalized Leontief system that allows technological substitutions. We show that an untested introduction of cost-increasing technologies in any industry may result in creating a non-productive technological structure that does not satisfy the Hawkins-Simon condition, following the autonomous dynamic adjustment process with structural transitions in the economic system. Therefore, we propose a practicable control scheme of introducing cost-increasing technologies that strictly avoids the creation of non-productive structures in all periods of structural transition, using the available information on the ex ante technological structure.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.