西安市房地产业与相关产业的发展关系

主要以西安市房地产业及其相关产业的发展关系为研究对象,结合西安市2000～2005年的相关行业生产总值的增加值,运用灰色系统理论方法,得到西安市房地产业与相关产业的灰色关联系数,对西安市的房地产业与相关产业的关联度进行定量分析。对西安市房地产业与相关产业的关联度定量分析,对正确制定产业政策和战略也具有重要意义。     

A non-parametric test for industrial specialization

We introduce a non-parametric microdata based test for industrial specialization and apply it to a single urban area. Our test employs establishment densities for specific industries, a population counterfactual, and a new correction for multiple hypothesis testing to determine the statistical significance of specialization across both places and industries. Results highlight patterns of specialization that are extremely varied, with downtown places specializing in a number of service sector industries, while suburban places specialize in both manufacturing and service industries. Business service industries are subject to more specialization than non-business service industries while the manufacturing sector contains the lowest representation of industries with specialized places. Finally, we compare results for specialization with localization and show that both measures contribute to our understanding of industry and place specific agglomerative forces.     

LESSONS FROM THE FINANCIAL CRISIS: THE INTERNATIONAL DIMENSION

The current financial crisis has arisen as a result of entrepreneurial and business error rather than because of inappropriate incentives within the private sector. However, government failure has exacerbated the problem. The case for responding to government failure by greater international co-ordination of banking regulation is weak. The IMF is particularly ill-suited for this job.     

北京服务业的增长及其空间分布特征

服务业特别是生产性服务业的发展正日益成为支配城市经济的主要因素,并对城市经济布局和城市空间结构产生深刻的影响。本文首先回顾了北京市服务业发展变化历程,目前服务业在北京市地区生产总值的比重已超过70%,生产性服务业在服务业的比重也超过60%,北京市已逐步发展成为具有现代国际大都市经济形态的服务型城市。文章重点分析了北京都市区服务业及各行业空间分布特征:北京都市区服务业主要分布在城市中心区及周边地区,总体上呈"多中心集聚"分布;服务业各行业空间分布区县差异明显,地域分工已经形成;服务业各行业空间布局形态呈现多样化特征。     

Towards measuring allocative efficiency in selected industries of India

This paper examines trends in allocative efficiency over the period 1960–1961 to 1986–1987 in seven Indian industries, namely refining and manufacture of sugar; petroleum refining; manufacture of chemicals, fertilizers and pesticides locomotives and parts, locomotives, and cotton textiles. We discover that allocative inefficiency has been non zero in each industry for every year. Allocative inefficiency has not declined over time in those industries where prices are administered, whereas in industries where prices are not administered it has. Industries that are predominantly in the public sector are not necessarily characterized by greater allocative inefficiency than those that are predominantly in the private sector.     

从产业融合角度分析我国物流金融的发展

随着物流业与金融业的合作加强．共同发展，物流金融受到了更多的关注。物流企业与金融机构为了增强自身在行业的竞争力，已经把物流金融作为重要途径之一。作为产业形成的方式之一，更好地了解产业融合．能够帮助我们更好地了解物流金融业发展的原因及趋势。通过介绍产业融合的定义和动因来分析物流业与金融业融合的必要性与可行性。     

The effect of trade on productivity growth and the demand for skilled workers in Canada

We use an input–output model to examine the effect of trade integration on productivity growth and the demand for skilled workers in Canada for the period 1981–1997. We find that trade integration has a positive effect on both labour productivity and total factor productivity. Labour productivity and total factor productivity grew faster in export and import industries than in the total business sector over this period, and this productivity growth gap has widened over time. Canada is found to have a comparative advantage in capital- and natural-resource-intensive industries, although it has declined over time. We find that trade integration has little effect on the demand for skilled and unskilled workers in Canada.     

High tech,basic industry,and the future of the american economy

A growing number of economists, public policy analysts, and government officials have heralded a transformation said to be occurring in the American economy. The American-in-transformation thesis holds that new high-tech information-oriented industries are replacing basic industries as the primary source of America's economic stability and growth. This thesis, the authors point out, overstates the extent of the changes which are taking place. According to the best available projections, basic industries will continue to be an important sector of the American economy. Further, basic industries will serve as markets for high-tech products and services as they modernize their operations. Both sectors of the economy will be needed to sustain an integrated, two-track economy.     

A description of some factors affecting technological innovation in industry in the United Kingdom and some remedies to improve the climate

The change of innovation and its successful implementation at the industrial levels are important features of economic development and, therefore, are of great significance for the future of industries. This paper concentrates on the analysis of the past performance of industries in the U.K., which has shown a decline in technological innovation and international trade when compared to other industrial countries. The first section of the paper considers the channels for exploration of new technology with the aid of established companies, new companies and the public sector. The second half of the paper considers the factors affecting technological innovation such as economic conditions, size of market, sources of finance, patents and licensing. The paper concludes with several suggested recommendations for policy changes to improve directly or indirectly the incentives for technological innovation in the industries of the U.K.     

Business communities in the European confectionery sector: A U.K.-Finland comparison

This paper is based on the early stages of an international collaborative project investigating the structural changes of the confectionery sectors in Finland and the U.K. over the past two decades. An institutional perspective is used to extend conventional understandings of industries via the development of the sector concept. The network and community constructs are shown to be important devices for understanding the institutional character of a sector. Accordingly, the paper reveals the similarities and differences between the two national examples. An explanation is offered of the way domestic networks persist in both countries while contrasting community profiles are apparent.     

Industry trade between Canada and Mexico: Will a weakening peso help Mexican manufacturing in the long run?

Mexico has longed served as one of Canada's major trade partner, but the plunging peso has had drastic effects across North America. This study investigates the bilateral trade relationship between Canada and Mexico for 27 individual industries, from 1973 to 2006. Cointegration analysis shows that overall sensitivity to the real exchange rate is weak, but that the trade balances of certain manufacturing industries do indeed improve after a currency depreciation. The “J-curve” effect is present for certain electrical and mechanical industries, suggesting that the recent decline of the peso may currently be having a negative impact on Mexican trade—but that it might eventually be beneficial, particularly for the Machinery and Transport Equipment sector.     

When partnerships don't ‘match‐up’: an evaluation of labour–management partnerships in the automotive components and civil aviation industries

Following the agenda for partnership research set out recently in this journal, ‘exemplar’ case studies from the automotive and civil aviation industries are subject to the litmus (process) test of academic pluralists and the acid (outcomes) test of academic radicals. On both tests, the results have been disappointing, especially for trade unions and their members. However, while mutual gains from partnership agreements are not probable in a UK context, they are still possible, as comparative research in the civil aviation sector serves to illustrate.     

北京广告产业发展特点与关键

改革开放以来,北京广告业得到了快速发展,行业规模大、人才素质高、市场成熟度高,是我国广告市场传媒中心、创新研发中心、优质公司中心和高端人才中心。促进北京广告业发展,提高广告业在现代服务业中的比重和整体水平,是适应对外开放新形势、加速国内国际市场信息交流、提高资源配置效率、增强自主创新能力和民族品牌竞争力的迫切需要,是促进首都经济产业结构优化调整、加快转变经济发展方式和推进文化创意产业发展的有效途径,是加快北京世界城市建设的重要途径。     

Strategies for Developing an Environmentally Sustainable Supply Chain: Differences Between Manufacturing and Service Sectors

This research illuminates the debate on whether there are differences between the manufacturing and service sectors in the matter of developing a sustainable environmental supply chain. Over the past 5 years a survey has been conducted with 800 large European companies, of which half are in the manufacturing sector and half in the service sector. The hypotheses within the survey are related to strategies for developing an environmental supply chain. They were derived from a literature review and were tested by means of a chi‐square test. The survey questionnaire enabled the respondents to give some viewpoints about the hypotheses. In this way, strategies for developing the supply chain such as ISO 14001, the Eco‐Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS), Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), auditing, waste management systems, reverse logistics, environmental indicators, remanufacturing and reuse have been investigated. Results show interesting and unexpected differences between manufacturing and service sectors that can lead to further research, practical implications and even suggestions for the surveyed companies. For instance, the viewpoints of manufacturing and service industries differ over ISO 14001 and EMAS implementation in the supply chain. In addition, service industries approach the implementation of auditing, reverse logistics, reuse and remanufacturing in a way different from that of manufacturing. Other strategies are considered essential by both sectors. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

Trade Affected Workers in the Service Sector

A bstract . Using input output data for 1987 and 1990, this study identified those groups of service sector workers most vulnerable to trade-related employment displacements. Relative to other industry groups, workers (both black and white) in service industries which experienced an increase in (positive) net trade-related employment, were more likely to be male, elderly (over 65 years of age), less educated (high school graduates) and unskilled (laborers). In contrast, service industries which suffered a decline in (positive) net trade-related employment between 1987 and 1990, were relatively more skill-intensive (as measured by the share of college educated workers, scientists, engineers and managers in the labor force) , and more likely to employ women, married couples and individuals in the 25 to 35 age bracket. Union members on the other hand, were overrepresented in service industries which suffered net trade–related employment losses in 1987 and 1990. The latter industries, however, experienced an improvement over the period.     

A triple‐win scenario for horizontal collaboration in logistics: Determining enabling and key success factors

Horizontal collaborations emerged as a new strategic option in the logistics sector during the last decade. However, successful implementation of horizontal collaborations is far from a developed issue due to several barriers that exist or emerge when setting up such collaborative projects. This study aims at identifying the enabling factors supporting successful implementation of horizontal collaborations in the logistics sector, and in identifying key success factors that logistics service providers (LSPs) should consider. Results from a within‐ and cross‐case analysis of two horizontal collaboration projects in the contract logistics sector support the proposed theoretical framework, highlighting both enabling and key success factors of horizontal collaborations. The former refers to factors that are related to LSPs, customers, and industries, whereas the latter results in a triple‐win scenario characterised by LSP competences, trust, and environmental management orientation of successful horizontal collaboration projects.     

Beyond Self-Regulation: Towards A Critique of Self-Regulation As A Control Strategy For Hazardous Activities*

After highlighting some of the key issues and positions in the debate around appropriate preventive regulation, the paper presents a number of observations directed at the proponents of greater self-regulation. These observations confront directly a number of familiar, but often unchallenged, arguments for self-regulation. More centrally we address claims concerning, the extent to which the chemicals industries have a good and improving ‘safety’ record; and whether the sector consists of companies both motivated and capable in the context of effective crisis and disaster management. Lastly, the paper sets out some ‘new directions’ for the nature and role of regulation in the effective prevention of crises. Thus the paper indicates a number of regulatory developments which are distinct from any shift towards greater self-regulation, but which would result in more effective crisis and disaster prevention in the UK chemicals industries and, indeed, beyond that specific sector.     

国际会计准则动向与我国银行业执行新会计准则的思考

本文结合国际会计准则发展的新动向,对我国银行业实施新会计准则过程中的贷款减值计提、公允价值计量、金融工具分类、会计核算与系统改造、信息披露、监管协调与技术支持等方面存在的难点进行了分析,并提出了相应的对策建议。     

Comparing Public and Private Sector Employees’ Innovative Behaviour: Understanding the role of job and organizational characteristics,job types,and subsectors

Abstract

Innovation is argued to be of key importance in the public sector. Little is known about possible sector differences in innovative behaviour. The stereotype in literature is that public employees are less innovative. We analyse whether sector is associated with innovative behaviour and the influence of job/organizational characteristics. We test this by using a three-country representative survey in Scandinavia with 8,310 respondents. We control for subsectors/industries and job functions. We do not find that public employees are less innovative. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the importance of understanding the major differences in innovative behaviour between different subsectors/industries and job types.     

Epidemics,labour markets and unemployment: the impact of SARS on human resource management in the Hong Kong service sector

This article examines the links between epidemics and their economic consequences, specifically in terms of their impacts on labour markets and jobs. To exemplify the above, we examine the effects of SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) on the Hong Kong economy, its labour market and its level of employment and unemployment. The article hypothesizes that the greatest impact would be on human resource management (HRM) in the service industries and on particular sub-sectors, such as the hotel sector. It concludes that the dramatic demand and supply ‘shocks’ significantly affected both the demand for and the supply of labour in the sector, with discernible HRM consequences.