现行财务报告的改进

随着行业竞争风险的加剧以及高科技的发展,人们对会计信息的期望与要求不断提高,会计信息质量问题正日益为社会所关注。根据决策有用理论,会计系统的基本目的就是向信息使用者提供符合质量特征要求的会计信息,而“财务报告的目的是提供经济决策中有助于一系列使用者的关于企业财务状况、经营业绩和财务变动的资料”。应当认为,在国际会计准则委员会《关于编制和提供财务报表的框架》中,财务报表的目的与会计的基本目标是一致的。这样会计信息的质量通常也就是指财务报告的质量,本文拟从以适应现代会计信息质量的要求入手,讨论改进现行财务报告的对策。     

现行财务报告质量研究及改进刍议

根据决策有用理论,会计系统的基本目标就是向信息使用者提供符合质量特征要求的会计信息。财务报告作为会计信息的综合表达和载体之一,其基本目标是向信息使用者提供决策有用的会计信息。财务报告的质量高低也就取决于其所提供的会计信息的质量好坏。通常认为构成会计信息决策有用的两大特征是相关性和可靠性,本文拟从这两方面对现行财务报告的质量进行分析和评价,并提出相应的改进措施。 　　一、现行财务报告质量评价 　　(一 )相关性评价。相关性是指“与决策有关联,能够影响决策的能力”,即一种有用的信息,要能够帮助使用者对…     

我国财务报告的现状及完善对措的思考

财务报告的目的是提供有助于一系列使用者在经济决策中的关于企业财务状况、经营业绩和财务变动的信息”。应当认为,在国际会计准则委员会《关于编制和提供财务报表的框架》中,财务报表的目标与会计的基本目的是一致的。会计信息的质量通常也就是指财务报告的质量。本文拟从现行财务报告存在的问题入手,讨论改进的对策,以适应会计信息质量的要求。     

谈会计信息质量要求

会计信息质量要求是对企业财务报告中所提供会计信息质量的基本要求,是使财务报告中所提供会计信息对投资者等使用者决策有用应具备的基本特征。会计信息质量要求也称会计信息质量特征,这些质量特征要求会计人员在处理会计业务、提供会计信息时,遵循这些对会计信息的质量要求,以便更好地为企业各利益相关者的经济决策服务。     

上市公司财务报告改进——以雅戈尔股份有限公司为例

正随着市场经济迅速发展,会计信息使用者对企业的经营管理制度和财务决策制度提出了更高的要求,而目前我国上市公司的财务报告会计信息披露不完整、不及时、不可靠,缺乏对企业未来经济活动的预测,从而对信息使用者造成严重后果。探讨上市公司财务报告改进问题对企业经营管理、投资信贷融资等决策和国民经济正常运行具有重大意义。笔者通过分析雅戈尔集团股份有限公司财务报告存在的问题及对上市公司、投资者等会计信息使用者的影响,合理地评价和改进我国现行财务报告中存在问题,从而为上市公司财务报告的改进提供指导。     

规范中期财务报告中所得税处理之我见

中期财务报告可及时向会计信息使用者提供企业财务状况、经营成果和现金流量等方面的会计信息,同时也为预测企业的年度收益提供了重要的依据,从而有利于会计信息使用者做出决策。在中期财务报告中,企业所得税是会计信息使用者关注的问题之一。     

规范中期财务报告中所得税处理之我见

中期财务报告可及时向会计信息使用者提供企业财务状况、经营成果和现金流量等方面的会计信息,同时也为预测企业的年度收益提供了重要的依据,从而有利于会计信息使用者做出决策。在中期财务报告中,企业所得税是会计信息使用者关注的问题之一。     

探讨施工企业编报项目内部会计报表的必要性

企业准则体系以强调高质量会计信息的供给和需求为核心,要求财务报告在反映企业管理层受托责任履行情况的同时,应当向会计信息使用者提决策有用信息。本文从会计准则中会计信息的质量要求出发,分析影响会计信息质量存在的问题,提出解决办法。     

浅议会计信息质量存在的问题及其对策

会计信息质量要求是对企业财务报告中所提供的会计信息质量的基本要求,是使财务报告中所提供的会计信息对使用者决策有用所应具备的基本特征,包括可靠性、相关性、可理解性、可比性、实质重于形式、重要性、谨慎性和及时性等.他们之间是一个完整的整体,是会计信息质量的具体体现.     

会计信息失真的经济理论、成因及对策分析

财务报告的目的是向会计信息使用者提供有用的信息。会计信息的有用性通过会计信息所具有的质量特征加以体现出来。相关性和可靠性两个主要质量构成了决策有用性。会计信息丧失了相关性和可靠性,便会失去其有用性。文章就会计信息失真问题作一理论和成因分析,并提出一些治理对策。     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.