共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Jason Brennan 《Constitutional Political Economy》2007,18(4):287-299
Rawls’ theory of justice is paradoxical, for it requires a society to aim directly to maximize the basic goods received by
the least advantaged even if directly aiming is self-defeating. Rawls’ reasons for rejecting capitalist systems commit him
to holding that a society must not merely maximize the goods received by the least advantaged, but must do so via specific
institutions. By Rawls’ own premises, in the long run directly aiming to satisfy the difference principle is contrary to the
interests of the poor, though it is meant to aid them.
相似文献
Jason BrennanEmail: |
2.
The paper specifies a quantitative methodology for exploring development blocks. The concept of ‘development block’ was a
major contribution to the historical analysis of industrial transformation by the late Erik Dahmén, but development blocks
have mainly been analyzed by qualitative methods and indirect indicators and not statistically identified. In this paper,
development blocks are identified by means of a combination of co-integration analysis and Granger causality. Using these
techniques, we are able to identify two partially overlapping development blocks in the Swedish economy, formed around the
electricity generating sector: one with metal, metal goods, machinery and railways; and another with pulp and paper, chemicals,
and machinery.
相似文献
Astrid KanderEmail: |
3.
This paper uses a human capital earnings equation to quantify administrative corruption in the public sector. Regression analyses
are conducted based on information from surveys administered to public officials in Albania. After accounting for officials’
characteristics, e.g., schooling, experience, gender, type of agency, and public and private sectors’ features, we deduce
that the administrative corruption was on average 2.6× the officials’ current salary in Albania, which is equivalent to 16.7%
of the country’s GDP.
相似文献
Omer GokcekusEmail: |
4.
Burczak reformulates socialism to escape Hayek’s strictures against central planning. While Hayek supports a social safety
net as well as other liberal reforms, Burczak points out that these reforms fall outside Hayek’s theoretical framework. We
explain that this is because Hayek narrowed the classical economists’ conception of sympathetic agency to imitation and rule
following. By contrast, liberal reform proposals follow from the theoretical framework of Adam Smith and John Stuart Mill.
For Smith and Mill, sympathy is a richer concept in which people change places imaginatively with others. Sympathetic agency
allows a wide range of other regarding actions and political reforms.
相似文献
David M. Levy (Corresponding author)Email: |
5.
On the distribution of product price and quality 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Alex Coad 《Journal of Evolutionary Economics》2009,19(4):589-604
We investigate the structure of demand by focusing on the distribution of prices within narrowly-defined classes of goods.
We observe considerable heterogeneity—products that are functionally similar but presumably of different ‘quality’ may sell
at very different prices. We analyze distribution of prices for bottles of wine, used cars, houses in London and week-long
holidays in Majorca, and observe in each case that the the resulting distribution is more skewed than the lognormal but less
skewed than a Pareto distribution. We then present a theoretical model whereby products can distinguish themselves along multiple
hedonic dimensions of ‘performance’, with these product attributes being random variables subject to multiplicative interactions.
Variations of this model can reproduce a lognormal price distribution and a Pareto distribution as lower and upper bound benchmarks
(respectively).
相似文献
Alex CoadEmail: |
6.
Art Carden 《The Review of Austrian Economics》2009,22(1):1-19
Ludwig von Mises argued that capital goods were “conservative elements” that constrain future production decisions. Similarly,
social capital and institutions also constrain future production decisions. These insights are applied to the institutional
transformation of the post-Reconstruction American South. It is argued that the structure of social capital that developed
in the South was inappropriate to the formal institutions that emerged as a result of the Civil War and Reconstruction. The
tensions between institutions and social capital are examined in the context of racist lynching.
相似文献
Art CardenEmail: |
7.
This paper is organized as follows: first, we show that the reference to the notion of group selection is coherent with the
other parts of Hayek’s thought. Second, we develop the idea that recent works in terms of the emergence and evolution of social
norms corroborate in part Hayek’s theses in this domain. Finally, we put to the fore some drawbacks in Hayek’s approach and
propose means to solve them.
相似文献
Pierre GarrousteEmail: |
8.
Wolfgang Lechthaler 《Empirica》2009,36(3):331-350
By allowing firms to invest in their workers’ human capital, this paper extends the traditional analysis of firing costs with
respect to two points, both of them positive in terms of welfare. On the one hand, firing restrictions reduce turnover, thereby
enhancing incentives to provide training. On the other hand, training gives firms the opportunity to lower the costs of firing
restrictions since well-trained workers are less likely to be fired. In this way the negative effects of firing costs on firm
profitability and workers’ job-finding rates are reduced.
相似文献
Wolfgang LechthalerEmail: |
9.
We develop a simple model of sexual and domestic violence. By assumption, the potential victim’s threat to report if she is victimized is not credible, which implies that the only sequential equilibrium involves violence. However, a realistic social learning process converges to a non-sequential equilibrium without violence from all nearby states if the expected punishment for offenders whose victims report to the police is sufficiently high. A policy to increase the sentences for sexual and domestic violence convictions could therefore substantially reduce such violence in the long run, even if it is powerless to make women’s threats to report credible.
相似文献
Sue H. Mialon (Corresponding author)Email: |
10.
The recent period of intensive and extensive development of global economic integration, or globalization, has reached a crossroads.
The regime of the neoliberal Great Capitalist Restoration is not sustainable and fundamental governance changes must be made.
This paper adds perspective to the choices that must be made at this critical juncture of the global social economy by applying
the master concepts of Schumpeter’s Creative Destruction and Polanyi’s Protective Response.
相似文献
James Ronald StanfieldEmail: |
11.
We examine the division of labor within households and marital matching patterns in the USA using both the Current Population
Survey (CPS) and the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY). We use Becker’s theory of marriage markets by estimating
household production functions and using the estimates to test for positive or negative assortive matching. We also construct
match matrices, which are used to judge how well our model fits Becker’s theory. We find positive assortative matching on
all traits in young marriages and couples without children, and negative assortment along some traits in marriages with children.
This suggests that children induce specialization whereas couples without children exploit household public goods.
相似文献
Paul SicilianEmail: |
12.
In constitutional political economy, the citizens’ constitutional interests determine the social contract that is binding
for the post-constitutional market game. However, following traditional preference subjectivism, it is left open what the
constitutional interests are. Using the example of risk attitudes, we argue that this approach is too parsimonious with regard
to the behavioral foundations to support a calculus of consent. In face of innovative activities with pecuniary and technological
externalities in the post-constitutional phase, the citizens’ constitutional interests vary with their risk preferences. To
determine what kind of social contract is generally agreeable, specific assumptions about risk preferences are needed.
相似文献
Ulrich WittEmail: |
13.
Antonio Saravia 《Constitutional Political Economy》2008,19(2):129-147
The fall of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) in July 2000 marked a milestone in Mexico’s political history. Throughout
its 71 years of incumbency, the PRI had incarnated the set of social, political and economic institutions of the country to
the extent of becoming synonymous with governance and stability. Using a simple model in which institutional change is the
result of the strategic interaction between citizens, an incumbent ruler and a potential new ruler or entrant, we provide
a systematic interpretation of this experience emphasizing the role of evolutionary factors such as history, uncertainty,
learning and experimentation.
相似文献
Antonio SaraviaEmail: |
14.
Paul Knepper 《The Review of Austrian Economics》2007,20(1):25-41
Karl R. Popper proposed that the method of explanation in economics, or situational logic, should become the general model
for analyses across the social sciences. This article makes good Popper's proposal by extending situational logic to a social
problem outside the traditional scope of economics: crime. Specifically, the discussion reviews models developed by economist
Gary S. Becker and criminologist Ronald V. Clarke. Becker's ‘economic approach’ to crime incorporates essential features of
situational logic. Clarke's ‘situational crime prevention’ offers an even better demonstration; it explicitly incorporates
the ideas of piecemeal social engineering and unintended social repercussions. Popper took situational logic from Menger and
the Austrians, making this emerging area of criminology an extension of Austrian economics.
相似文献
Paul KnepperEmail: |
15.
The paper studies the dynamics of firm size in a repeated Cournot game with unknown demand function. We model the firm as
a type of artificial neural network. Each period it must learn to map environmental signals to both a demand parameter and
its rival’s output choice. However, this learning game is in the background, as we focus on the endogenous adjustment of network
size. We investigate the long-run evolution of firm/network size as a function of profits, rival’s size, and the type of adjustment
rules used.
相似文献
Jason BarrEmail: |
16.
This study examines the impact of a stamp tax rate increase on market behavior, using data from two stock exchanges in China. We find that when the tax rate increases from 0.3 to 0.5% (which implies that the transaction cost increases by about 1/3) trading volume decreases by 1/3. This implies an elasticity of turnover with respect to a stamp tax of −50% and an elasticity of turnover with respect to transaction cost of −100%. The markets’ volatility significantly increases after the increase in the tax rate. Furthermore, the change in the volatility structure indicates that the markets become less efficient in the sense that shocks are less quickly assimilated in the markets.
相似文献
Badi H. Baltagi (Corresponding author)Email: |
Dong LiEmail: |
Qi LiEmail: |
17.
The paper constructs an asymmetric information model to investigate the efficiency and equity cases for government mandated benefits. A mandate can improve workers’ insurance, and may also redistribute in favour of more ‘deserving’ workers. The risk is that it may also reduce output. The more diverse are free market contracts—separating the various worker types—the more likely it is that such output effects will on balance serve to reduce welfare. It is shown that adverse effects can be reduced by restricting mandates to larger firms. An alternative to a mandate is direct government provision. We demonstrate that direct government provision has the advantage over mandates of preserving separations.
相似文献
John T. AddisonEmail: Phone: +1-803-7774608Fax: +1-803-7776876 |
18.
Mina Baliamoune-Lutz 《International Advances in Economic Research》2008,14(4):422-432
We explore the short-run dynamics and long-run relationship between income and financial development in Algeria, Egypt, and
Morocco. We use co-integration and VECM models and four indicators of financial development. The empirical results indicate
that there is a long-run relationship between income and each financial development indicator, except credit to the private
sector in Algeria. On the other hand, Granger-causality test results indicate that the evidence on the direction of causality
is mixed.
相似文献
Mina Baliamoune-LutzEmail: |
19.
Domenico D’Amico 《Constitutional Political Economy》2007,18(4):301-318
Buchanan’s reflections on monetary issues have been mostly neglected, despite their great interest both per se and for a deeper
understanding of his general constitutional endeavour. We will thus propose a comprehensive assessment of Buchanan’s writings
on this topic, focusing in particular on the different political models that have been developed to argue in favour of constitutional
constraints on the governmental power to create money and on the implications that one can draw from our author’s monetary
papers for the structure and the objectives of his constitutional discourse more generally.
相似文献
Domenico D’AmicoEmail: |
20.
Gregor Zwirn 《The Review of Austrian Economics》2009,22(1):81-107
This paper focuses on Ludwig von Mises’s attempt to establish an epistemological/methodological foundation for the social
sciences (praxeology). I reconstruct Mises’s writings by disentangling the distinct realms of ontology and epistemology in
his arguments. Although Mises’s line of reasoning is squarely based on the distinction between ontology and epistemology,
he nonetheless tends to mix ontological and epistemological viewpoints in his argumentation, thereby clouding the issue involved.
I believe this is one reason why the writings of Mises appear to be so difficult and engendered different as well as competing
readings amongst Austrian economists. Furthermore, this analysis also allows us to assess whether or not Mises offers a sound
theory of knowledge. I conclude that praxeology displays internal tensions and explain the reasons for these tensions.
相似文献
Gregor ZwirnEmail: |