对改善农牧区支付结算服务环境的思考——以西藏山南为例

近几年来,中国人民银行山南地区中心支行始终将切实加强山南农牧区金融基础设施建设,改善辖内农牧区支付结算服务环境,提高农牧区金融服务水平和质量做为中支工作的重中之重来抓,经过不懈的努力,2010年山南农牧区支付结算服务环境得到显著改善,农牧民使用银行卡、预范银行卡犯罪意识明显增强,但是由于经济较为落后,农牧民文化程度不高等原因导致当地人民银行在推广非现金支付工具,改善山南农牧区支付结算服务环境方面仍还存在一些问题.本文将就如何进一步促进山南辖内农牧区支付结算服务环境的改善提出建议.     

对改善内蒙古农村牧区支付环境的思考

内蒙古地域辽阔、农牧民人口居住分散、改善农村牧区支付服务环境成本高,困难多。但近几年来在自治区政府及相关部门的大力支持配合下,全区农牧区支付结算环境大为改善,但也存在着金融组织体系资源配置不足,支付功能弱化等问题。本文在全面总结分析全区农牧区支付结算工作的基础上,提出了进一步加强支付结算环境建设的相关建议。     

农牧区支付结算环境调查与思考：以科右中旗为例

近年来,我国支付体系建设取得了重要进展,有力地促进了经济社会的快速发展,但由于我国城乡区域经济发展不平衡等方面原因,农村牧区支付结算环境建设仍面临着更大的挑战,尤其在边远牧区,支付结算业务发展仍处于落后状态。人民银行兴安盟中心支行结合辖区实际情况,针对农村牧区特征比较典型的科尔沁右翼中旗（以下简称科右中旗）就如何改善农牧区支付结算环境进行了专题调研,以期全面反映农牧区支付结算环境现状,为进一步加强和改进支付结算环境提出切实可行建议。     

对建立和完善海西地区农牧区支付结算体系的思考

农牧区支付结算是农牧区金融服务的重要组成部分,建立和完善农牧区支付结算体系,对促进城乡间支付结算平衡发展,提升县域金融服务水平,推进新农村新牧区建设具有极其重要的意义。     

对黄南州支付结算工具使用情况的调查

本文通过对黄南州支付结算工具使用情况的调查，以现金与非现金支付工具为主要研究对象，分析了影响当前支付结算工具推广与使用的因素及症结，并提出加强信用环境建设、改善农牧区支付结算渠道的方案。     

边远地区农村牧区支付结算服务环境存在制约因素与相关建议

(一)制约边远地区农村牧区支付服务环境发展的各种因素1.边远地区支付结算基础建设滞后因素,影响了边远地区的支付体系的发展。中央支持"三农""三牧"政策的倾斜,尤其对边远地区优惠政策力度的加大,惠农惠牧政策资金及补贴项目的增加,对加快边远地区社会经济发展创造了十分有利条件。但由于边远地区农牧区的自然条件恶劣、基础设施落后、农牧民居住分散,造成了边远地区农牧区金融机构网点少,支付服务环境严重滞后,边远地区金融机构支付结算基础建设明显跟     

推进农村牧区支付环境可持续发展策略研究——以赤峰市为例

党中央、国务院提出的建设社会主义新农村、统筹城乡发展战略方针,作为支付系统的建设者、组织者,把推动加强农牧区支付服务基础设施建设、改善农村牧区支付结算服务作为一项重要工作来抓。目前农村支付结算渠道日渐畅通。但随着城乡经济的发展和环境的变化,使得农村支付结算服务供给与农牧民需求之间的矛盾、改善农村地区支付结算服务环境被高度关注。     

农牧区非现金支付工具使用情况分析——青海海南州个案

随着社会经济的发展,支付结算领域发生了重大变化,非现金支付结算工具得到广泛运用。但在经济欠发达地区特别是农牧区,受使用成本、信用环境、法律保障和公民素质等因素影响,非现金支付工具的使用推广存在诸多困难和问题。     

农牧区推广账户影像系统探析

长期以来,农牧区受自然条件恶劣、交通不便、路途遥远等条件的限制,账户普及率和支付结算业务发展较慢.为有效改变当前这种现状,本文对农牧区推广账户远程核准影像系统进行了可行性分析和研究.     

农村信用社资金结算体系存在的问题及建议

农村信用社已成为支持农牧区金融服务和农村经济发展的主要金融机构,为地区经济发展提供了强有力的资金支持。然而随着经济的发展,农牧民生活水平的提高,农牧民希望农村信用社提供更先进、方便、快捷的结算要求也越来越迫切。但农村信用社支付体系建设步伐迟缓,支付结算方式偏重于传统现金结算,信用卡、银行卡等非现金结算应用覆盖率较小,支付结算手段及方式的局限性不仅造成大量低成本存款的流失,同时也直接影响了对农村牧区经济发展的进一步支持。     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.     

Political corruption and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between political corruption and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that local corruption increases firm acquisitiveness but decreases firm targetiveness. The levels of corruption in acquirer areas relate positively to the bid premiums and negatively to the likelihood of deal completion. Corruption motivates acquiring firms to use excess cash for payment, which mitigates the negative effect of corruption on acquirer shareholder value. The evidence indicates that acquisitions help acquiring firms convert cash into hard-to-extract assets and relocate assets from the high to low corruption areas, thereby shielding their liquid assets from expropriation by local officials.     

Trust and cross-border mergers and acquisitions

A number of studies suggest that social trust matters for investment. Using different measures of trust from World Values Survey, we show that countries where people display higher levels of trust engage in more cross-border M&A activities. When they do, these acquirers pay lower premiums. To the extent that these acquirers also tend to engage in larger acquisitions as well, our findings suggest that a larger selection pool of potential targets and higher value targets enable these acquirers to negotiate for lower premiums. We do not find evidence of the significant effect for target country trust levels. Hence, trust may benefit those acquiring firms in cross-border transactions.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Corporate Innovations and Mergers and Acquisitions

Using a large and unique patent‐merger data set over the period 1984 to 2006, we show that companies with large patent portfolios and low R&D expenses are acquirers, while companies with high R&D expenses and slow growth in patent output are targets. Further, technological overlap between firm pairs has a positive effect on transaction incidence, and this effect is reduced for firm pairs that overlap in product markets. We also show that acquirers with prior technological linkage to their target firms produce more patents afterwards. We conclude that synergies obtained from combining innovation capabilities are important drivers of acquisitions.