我国城乡居民收入差距分析

改革开放以来,随着我国社会主义市场经济体制的逐步构建和我国国民经济的持续快速发展,我国城乡居民收入总量迅速增加。在收入来源多元化、生活质量现代化的同时,使人忧心的是:城乡差别却愈来愈大。在经济增长过程中,城乡之间、地区之间出现一定的发展差距是很正常的,但如果这种差距过大,就不可避免地会影响整个经济发展速度,并带来政治、社会等方面的问题。城乡收入差距已经成为全社会关注的一个热点和难点。     

浅谈农村土地制度改革与农村经济发展

随着社会的进步,我国的经济得到飞速的发展,城市化建设的进程也在不断的提升。但目前我国城乡之间的差距还非常的大,农村的经济发展相对较为落后,与城市之间形成了非常严重的两极分化。因此,在面对这种状况,我国需要缩小城乡之间的差距,对农村进行土地制度的改革,提高农村的经济发展,促进我国的整体经济提升。本文着重对农村土地制度改革与农村的经济发展提出了分析与建议。     

山西省城乡差距扩大的表现、原因及调整对策

在经济增长过程中,城乡之间存在一定的差距是正常的,也正是差距的存在才促进了城乡之间要素的流动和城乡的共同发展。但如果这种差距过大,就会成为发展的障碍,带来政治、社会、经济等多方面的问题。山西省城乡差距呈不断扩大的趋势,2003年城乡居民收入比高达3．1：1,突破3：1的临界点,已引起政府和社会各界的高度关注。     

改革开放以来中国地区差距变动的实证分析

改革开放以来，中国奉行“让一部分地区先富起来”、“先富带动后富”的蜚均衡发展战略，在促使全国经济进入起飞阶段的同时，也造成了东、中、西三大地带间经济差距的扩大。本文从绝对差距、相对差距、总合差距的角主工对1978－1998年间三大地带经济差距的变动地是行考察，发现以上三种差距均趋于扩大。对此，作者认为，在经济发展的起飞阶段，地区差距的扩大是正常现象，我国由非均衡转向均衡发展的时机尚不成熟。     

中国城乡金融二元结构强度分析

金融是现代经济的核心,金融发展滞后必将影响经济发展.本文认为,我国城乡之间经济发展存在巨大差异的重要原因之一就是我国城乡之间金融发展存在巨大差距,呈现典型的"二元结构",并表现在城乡存贷款、金融资产规模、金融相关率、金融市场发展等多个方面.     

城乡金融非均衡性及其对城乡居民收入差距的影响研究

本文在描述我国城乡金融非均衡性发展的基础上,通过向量自回归模型对我国城乡金融非均衡性发展如何影响城乡居民收入差距进行了实证研究,模型将金融非均衡性发展分为金融规模非均衡和金融效率非均衡两个指标,并以财政支农支出和城镇化率为控制变量,以泰尔指数作为衡量城乡居民收入差距的因变量。VAR模型的研究结果表明,城乡金融非均衡性发展与城乡居民收入差距存在一种长期均衡的关系。     

城乡收入差距与教育机会不平等相关性分析

随着我国社会经济的快速发展,我国的城乡收入差距也开始出现扩大化的趋势。本文从受教育机会不平等的角度出发,对城乡之间的教育资源和收入差距之间的关系进行了分析,指出教育机会的不平等已经成为导致城乡收入差距扩大的重要因素,并对改善这种机会和收入之间的恶性循环提出了政策上的建议。     

城乡收入差距与教育机会不平等相关性分析

随着我国社会经济的快速发展,我国的城乡收入差距也开始出现扩大化的趋势.本文从受教育机会不平等的角度出发,对城乡之间的教育资源和收入差距之间的关系进行了分析,指出教育机会的不平等已经成为导致城乡收入差距扩大的重要因素,并对改善这种机会和收入之间的恶性循环提出了政策上的建议.     

改善城乡利益关系 深化农村经济改革

隐藏在当前农村经济大量具体问题的背后具有机制性作用和深层次问题，是城乡之间的经济利益关系矛盾。鉴此，作者提出，改革食品购销制度，改变城乡之间的经济利益关系，已经是农村经济体制改革继续深化的迫切要求。作者认为，只有食品供求关系中城乡利益矛盾得到缓解，我们才能真正拿到解开整个城乡利益矛盾的钥匙，也才可能进一步解除宏观体制对农村经济的束缚，使农村经济增长得到可靠的活力，使农村经济乃至整个国民经济的发展，得到长期稳定的基础。     

农村贫困人口分布空间分化成因及对策探析

虽然我国经济整体高速增长,人均收入水平大幅提高,但我国农村贫困人口分布存在着明显的区域差异及空间分化现象。产生这种现象的原因主要是由产业非均衡发展、收入差距以及政府公共政策偏移等所造成的。缓解农村贫困人口分布的空间分化是构建和谐社会的需要,为此,政府扶贫政策需要进一步关注的重点是提高区域瞄准的准确性,促进农业开发和非农就业,提高农村和西部地区的基础设施投资,降低财政差距,促进公平的公共服务供给。     

国土资源科技进步与可持续发展

本文探讨了国土资源科技进步与可持续发展的关系 ,科技进步实现我国现阶段可持续发展的途径 ,对可持续发展的未来进行了展望 ,并提出了若干结论和建议。     

国土资源与可持续发展

今天 ,我向大家介绍一下我国国土资源的有关情况 ,并与大家一起学习中央关于国土资源管理的重要指示精神。我的介绍分为三个部分 :一是对国土资源重要地位和作用的认识 ;二是对国土资源面临严峻形势的分析 ;三是保护和合理利用国土资源的对策。一、国土资源的重要地位和作用自然资源包括土地资源、矿产资源、海洋资源、水资源、森林资源、草原资源、生物资源、气候资源、能源资源及自然景观旅游资源等十多种。社会生产离不开资源 ,无论生产创造的财富属于哪一个门类 ,其起始点都必定是自然资源。任何一个国家 ,其经济发展的规模、速度以及稳…     

保障抗震救灾粮油质量安全的实践与体会

<正>"5·12"特大地震,给四川省粮食系统造成了重大人员伤亡和巨额经济损失,全省21个市州、148个县(市、区)、618个企业遭受了不同程度的破坏和损失,造成的直接和间接经济损失达到140亿     

江苏省地质环境管理改革发展的目标与路径

江苏省现阶段的主要地质环境问题是由自然因素和人为因素造成和引发的。多年来,江苏省地质环境管理取得了很大成绩,但也存在不少问题。新时期加强地质环境管理要根据江苏省的实际,不断深化认识,健全法制,明确责任,突出重点,拓宽地质环境管理思路;要从政府、企业和社会三方面着手,构建保障社会科学发展的地质环境管理新机制,全面推进地质环境管理改革,为江苏省现代化建设"两个率先"的宏伟目标服务。     

Similarities and dissimilarities between the EU agricultural and rural development model and Romanian agriculture. Challenges and perspectives

The main aims of this study are to highlight the differences and the similarities between the European model of agricultural and rural development, and the state of play in the Romanian agricultural sector. Statistically speaking, the agricultural sector's indicators of the past two decades place Romania outside the family picture of the EU countries, with very slight resemblances, and very strong discrepancies between their economic, technical, and institutional characteristics. At present, competition-wise, farming and farmers in Romania are still strongly disfavoured in relation to their competitors in the old EU Member States. In Romania, the economic and institutional mechanisms have most often been devised to the disadvantage of agricultural production, by claiming that subsistence farming would be the sustainable way, and by channelling the added value to other sectors. An option to continue the agricultural policies of the past decades and to abandon the national support lent to agriculture would be particularly risky through its unpredictable and incalculable social and economic effects.     

Land use planning and health and well-being

This paper is concerned with the relationship between the planning of settlements and health. It gives a brief introduction to the issues before summarising the evidence in relation to a range of topics, concluding with some more speculative thoughts on likely future findings.Modern planning was invented in response to inhumane living conditions in 19th century cities. But in the last century the connection was lost. Only now, with concerns over climate change and obesity, is there beginning to be the realisation that the physical environment is an important determinant of health.The paper uses a particular model of this relationship based on eco-system and health determinants theories to structure the review of evidence. The review covers: lifestyle choices in relation to physical activity and diet, mental well-being and community, the local economy and income, health inequalities and strategic land use transport planning, pollution and urban form, and finally impacts on global ecology.There is now a growing consensus that while personal factors are critical in determining health, the urban environment exacerbates or mitigates health and well-being outcomes.The level of active travel (walking and cycling) and outdoor recreational activity is strongly affected by accessibility to local facilities. Access to green, natural environments, and to local social networks, are factors in mental well-being. The wider sub-regional pattern of housing, economic development, land use and transport is a determinant of social exclusion and therefore health inequalities. It also affects health-damaging pollution, adaptability in the face of climate change and the level of carbon dioxide emissions.We have literally been building unhealthy conditions into many of our towns and cities. But comparisons with the best cities in Europe indicate that it is possible to reverse the less desirable trends. Success depends, however, on more radical policies of local authority control over land and finance than any political party has yet advocated. It also requires collaboration between the full range of powerful public and private organizations that influence the built environment.Future research is likely to further strengthen these conclusions. It will become much more obvious that planning for health and well-being is not only the NHS, but about creating a health-promoting physical, social and economic environment.     

Mix and sequencing of economywide and agricultural reforms: Chile and New Zealand

Once committed to economywide and sectoral reforms – stabilization, structural adjustment, and trade liberalization – and companion reforms of institutions, how does government best proceed? With what reforms in response to initial conditions, and in what mix, sequence, strength, and speed? This study examines what factors were most critical to success during transition in two early reformers. The economies of Chile and New Zealand have undergone seismic reforms, starting in the mid-1970s and 1980s, respectively. Comparative analysis of their reforms look at the prior conditions that induced drastic action and the policy choices made in each country. Though similar in many respects, differences in initial economic conditions and implementation led to dissimilar, even contrary results. For Chile, the outcome was a vigorous, recharged economy and agricultural sector; for New Zealand, the economy and the sector are lagging still. How policy choice and implementation, as well as simultaneity of reforms, affected the outcomes is the major thrust of the study. The preeminence of trade and macroeconomic policies over sectoral interventions, and in particular the strategic nature of the real exchange rate in allowing agriculture to compete domestically and internationally highlight the discussion.