网络入侵检测技术漫谈

入侵检测技术是近十几年发展起来的1种主动计算机网络安全防范技术,是为保证计算机系统的安全而设计与配置的1种能够及时发现并报告系统中未授权或异常现象的技术。入侵检测系统通过监视运行系统的状态与活动,检测计算机网络中违反安全策略的行为,及时产生入侵告警,为分析入侵行为提供有效的支持。文章从网络入侵检测概念入手,重点对入侵检测系统的种类和入侵检测方法进行分析与阐述,其中对目前主流的入侵检测系统做了总结,最后对入侵检测系统的发展方向做了展望。     

基于决策融合的多卫星通信系统态势分析技术

为了解决高轨宽带、高轨移动、低轨星座卫星通信系统融合使用时，运行态势不全面、不精确等问题，设计了基于决策融合的多卫星通信系统态势分析技术。首先，借鉴数字孪生理论，建立板卡级、设备级、节点级、网络级、应用级5个层级体系化数字空间模型。其次，提取数据特征，得到高质量数据样本。最后，通过决策融合分析方法，对数据样本运用多种算法进行初步分析，再将不同算法的分析结果进行融合得出最终结果。结果表明，基于决策融合分析，能够对真实多卫星通信系统的不同指标主题得出较好的分析结果。因此，决策融合得到的分析结果可以帮助卫星通信系统运维人员更好地优化多卫星通信系统的运行状态。     

智慧云供配系统在提高LNG运输效率中的应用

在近年来液化天然气(LNG)行业市场发展需求、成本控制需求、产业结构调整需求大幅增长的背景下,提高LNG运输效率具有十分重要的意义。LNG智慧云供配系统一方面从点状分布式布局入手,按照地域和产业进行布局,通过层次分析法进行供应决策;另一方面从数据实时处理入手,对数据库、触发器及存储过程的种类进行选择,对LNG运输过程中产生的数据进行结构优化。根据测算结果,通过智慧云供配系统进行科学的LNG点状分布式布局和数据实时处理,可以形成竞争优势,具有广阔的市场前景。     

未来包装信息安全的新屏障——基于人工免疫的入侵检测系统分析

介绍免疫系统与入侵检测系统的基本概念,及其基本结构、框架、分类、工作机制和算法,针对免疫系统与入侵检测系统进行了分析比较,指出了基于人工免疫的入侵检测系统在借鉴了生物免疫系统复杂的信息处理机制后,成为一种积极、有效的网络安全手段,能够有效弥补防火墙的缺点,也能够有效提升包装业信息安全的应用层次。     

“领导驾驶舱”实时决策领方向

正"领导驾驶舱"是基于多系统数据融合打造出的企业智能管理监控平台。该平台将大数据转换为管理者易于接受的场景和视图,使管理者能直观、便捷、形象地掌握供电企业整体运营状况,科学、实时、高效地控制和决策。近年来,随着供电企业的快速发展和信息化水平的持续提升,各专业管理部门均建设和使用了相应的信息系统,并在使用过程中产生了海量数据。然而,这些专业数据彼此割裂,系统无法融合,价值未能充分利用。管理     

舰艇装备维修保养管理动态研究

舰艇武器装备维护和使用情况,探讨分布式C/S结构的舰艇武器管理维护系统。该系统可以对舰艇装备进行日常跟踪,通过挖掘数据来分析设备使用情况,同时为装备管理提供决策,指导管理人员对舰艇装备进行保养管理。动态管理系统可以根据舰艇基地和任务状态对武器装备进行维护管理。     

延迟光照算法对Hadoop集群渲染系统的改进与实现

针对集群渲染系统在三维场景文件输出过程中,海量数据处理以及存储的问题,利用Hadoop框架对现有系统进行分布式模型改造,以基于延迟光照算法的处理方式,对分布式存储和计算的业务逻辑结构部署,实现改进Hadoop集群渲染系统对任务的处理策略,提供高容错、可靠的存储和海量计算数据的方式。通过实验证明改进的Hadoop集群渲染系统可以提高系统利用率和任务处理能力。     

基于Spring Cloud的分布式医疗数据平台建设

为解决互联网时代医疗大数据的可靠存储问题,探索异构数据的有效处理方案,加强医疗数据检索能力。提出一种基于Spring Cloud的分布式医疗数据平台建设方案,该方案通过Spring Cloud技术构建分布式架构,选取MongoDB非关系型数据库作为分布式存储,同时对数据进行标准化、分词等操作,从而实现一个异构数据可存储、系统高可用、规模易扩展、检索高效率的医疗数据平台。     

2002年度互联网安全状况

2003年初,根据在30多个国家/地区部署了1000多个入侵检测系统和防火墙的400多家公司的抽样分析数据,赛门铁克公司公布了《2002年Internet安全威胁报告》,总结了实际计算机攻击活动的主要趋势。为了帮助读者了解信息安全威胁的发展机制及其影响,本刊对此报告进行了摘要刊登。     

北方分布式联产供能系统方案的技术经济分析

介绍了一种适合北方地区气候寒冷、冬长夏短特点的园区分布式联产供能系统方案，该方案采用了先进燃气轮机发电技术、余热驱动的热泵技术和分布式联产供能系统的集成技术，并采用了新型热泵技术和冷暖负荷的调配措施，以发挥系统的最大效能。对该方案示范工程进行的技术经济分析结果表明：园区分布式联产供能系统具有很高的能源利用率，与传统分产系统相比，全年节能率超过30％。     

一种供水管道泄漏检测及定位的新方法

针对目前供水管道泄漏检测及定位系统准确性和灵敏度较低的现状,通过采集供水管道泄漏时的多种特征信号,采用最优加权融合算法,将多传感器信息进行综合处理,扩展了时间和空间上的检测范围,提高了泄漏检测系统的灵敏度和可靠性。利用供水实验系统进行了模拟实验,实验结果验证了信息融合检漏方法比单一检漏方法具有明显的优越性。     

FUZZY ACTIVITY BASED COSTING: A METHODOLOGY FOR HANDLING UNCERTAINTY IN ACTIVITY BASED COSTING SYSTEMS

Activity based costing (ABC) systems are often developed using estimated input data. A methodology based on fuzzy set theory has been developed to handle estimation imprecision and uncertainty in ABC systems. This methodology creates a new type of ABC system; a fuzzy activity based costing (FABC) system. This paper introduces the concepts behind FABC, discusses the FABC system development process, and presents a FABC system that was developed for a mid-sized pharmaceutical company. Compared to ABC analysis, the developed FABC system provides additional and more valuable decision making information to the company.     

项目后评估方法与项目后评估制度

根据国务院关于投资体制的决定,论述了建立项目后评价制度的必要性;阐述项目后评价的理论与方法;电力项目投资大、周期长、不确定因素多、风险大,不仅要加强项目的前评价,而且要重视项目的后评价。     

The political economy of satellite business

Satellite communications systems are the outcome of the fusion of big governments, high technology and big business, whose needs they meet. As a major growth sector they are becoming extremely important in economic terms. But satellite communications raise wider issues of the relationships between rich and poor countries and within rich countries. They will crucially influence the location of economic activity and the future prospects for countries in terms of access to information, decision making and income. The article discusses these questions and suggests how Europe might improve its position. It also argues that participation in public policy on satellite communications should be opened to a wider range of parties.     

基于ARM-Linux的防火墙设计

设计并实现了以ARM11内核S3C6410处理器和2片DM9000网卡控制器为平台的主动防火墙硬件平台,设计了DM9000的Linux驱动,以Linux操作系统的Netfilter防火墙框架为基础加入入侵检测模块和响应模块,形成一个以规则策略集为中心的集检测、防护和响应为一体的主动防御系统.     

数据仓库技术的产生及发展

数据仓库技术 ( DW)是近年来出现并迅速发展的一项技术。本文主要从数据仓库的定义 ,基本特性 ,数据组织方式等几个方面简要阐述了数据仓库在综合决策支持系统中的应用。     

AI governance in the public sector: Three tales from the frontiers of automated decision-making in democratic settings

The rush to understand new socio-economic contexts created by the wide adoption of AI is justified by its far-ranging consequences, spanning almost every walk of life. Yet, the public sector's predicament is a tragic double bind: its obligations to protect citizens from potential algorithmic harms are at odds with the temptation to increase its own efficiency - or in other words - to govern algorithms, while governing by algorithms. Whether such dual role is even possible, has been a matter of debate, the challenge stemming from algorithms' intrinsic properties, that make them distinct from other digital solutions, long embraced by the governments, create externalities that rule-based programming lacks. As the pressures to deploy automated decision making systems in the public sector become prevalent, this paper aims to examine how the use of AI in the public sector in relation to existing data governance regimes and national regulatory practices can be intensifying existing power asymmetries. To this end, investigating the legal and policy instruments associated with the use of AI for strenghtening the immigration process control system in Canada; “optimising” the employment services” in Poland, and personalising the digital service experience in Finland, the paper advocates for the need of a common framework to evaluate the potential impact of the use of AI in the public sector. In this regard, it discusses the specific effects of automated decision support systems on public services and the growing expectations for governments to play a more prevalent role in the digital society and to ensure that the potential of technology is harnessed, while negative effects are controlled and possibly avoided. This is of particular importance in light of the current COVID-19 emergency crisis where AI and the underpinning regulatory framework of data ecosystems, have become crucial policy issues as more and more innovations are based on large scale data collections from digital devices, and the real-time accessibility of information and services, contact and relationships between institutions and citizens could strengthen – or undermine - trust in governance systems and democracy.     

Exploring Portfolio Decision‐Making Processes*

Portfolio management is the set of activities that allows a firm to select, develop, and commercialize a pipeline of new products aligned with the firm's strategy that will enable it to continue to grow profitably over the long term. To appropriately manage the firm's new product portfolio, decisions must be made about which projects to fund, to what levels, at what point in time. Previous research has investigated portfolio management decisions as individually discrete decisions. Significant streams of research have investigated both project selection and project termination decisions. This research project shows, however, that portfolio decision making may be better understood if it is considered as an integrated system of processes that considers these decisions simultaneously, along with other decisions such as those to continue a project with reduced funding. Using in‐depth data from four diverse case studies, we use a grounded theory approach to develop a general model of how firms make new product portfolio decisions. According to the findings from these cases, effective portfolio decision‐making processes produce a portfolio mindset, focus effort on the right projects, and allow agile decision making across the portfolio's set of projects. Effective portfolio decision making is the result of the interaction between three types of decision‐making processes that managers use in making decisions: evidence‐, power‐, and opinion‐based. Being able to use each of these types of processes to make decisions depends upon having the data inputs that they require. Three domain‐based decision input‐generating processes (i.e., cross‐functional collaboration, practices of critical thinking, and practices of market immersion) are associated with making evidence‐based portfolio decisions. In addition, organizational politics produces the inputs that are associated with power‐based portfolio decision making, while managerial intuition is associated with opinion‐based portfolio decision making. Firm cultural factors, including trust, collective ambition, and leadership style, are associated with how these evidence‐, power‐ and opinion‐based processes are combined into an overall portfolio decision making process, and whether the firm's processes are more rational and objectively made, or more politically and intuitively made. The article presents propositions for how the decision‐making processes interact in their associations with decision‐making effectiveness.