基于煤与瓦斯突出事故的现状分析及对策研究

针对历年来全国范围内煤与瓦斯突出事故发生的相应数据统计资料作为研究基础,对我国近年以来煤与瓦斯突出事故相应的矿井分布特征、事故发生特征以及导致事故的原因等各方面进行全面系统化的分析,根据煤矿行业分布情况、产业监督管理、经济与技术发展战略、企业经营管理等各个方面提出了可以有效防止煤与瓦斯突出事故发生的系列对策。     

煤与瓦斯突出的防治措施

结合我国煤矿煤与瓦斯突出的基本情况和国内外目前所用的防治措施来总结出目前我国煤与瓦斯防治的体系,阐述了煤与瓦斯突出的现状及危害、机理及规律,归纳出有效控制煤与瓦斯突出事故多发的对策建议。     

我国煤矿煤与瓦斯突出现状及防治对策

我国是世界上煤与瓦斯突出灾害最为严重的国家,对煤与瓦斯突出灾害进行防范成为当前煤矿工作中十分艰巨的任务。本文结合我国煤与瓦斯的相关数据及案例对出现这些事故的原因进行了分析,提出了煤与瓦斯突出防治工作的几点对策。     

煤与瓦斯突出倾向性的数值模拟

本文利用离散元方法对煤与瓦斯突出动力现象进行了数值模拟,分析了煤与瓦斯突出之前的煤体应力场的变化,为防治其突出事故提供理论支持。     

涟源小型煤矿煤与瓦斯突出防治技术探究

本文根据涟源市小型煤矿的矿井瓦斯特点,分析了煤与瓦斯突出事故频发的原因,通过对煤与瓦斯突出规律的分析和探讨,介绍了部分防突技术措施,并提出了一些实际问题和改进建议。     

国家安监总局：低瓦斯煤矿也要安装瓦斯监测系统

从2006年起。低瓦斯煤矿也要安装瓦斯监测监控系统．这是国家安全生产监督管理总局的明确要求。全国5200多处高瓦斯煤矿矿井、煤与瓦斯突出矿井已全部装备了瓦斯监测监控系统，为监控瓦斯、减少事故起到了重要作用。但低瓦斯矿井发生重特大事故也屡见不鲜。     

矿井抽放瓦斯的意义及瓦斯事故的防治措施

我国煤矿的瓦斯压力大、瓦斯含量高、煤质松软、透气性低,开采过程中瓦斯释放速度快,易发生煤与瓦斯突出现象并诱发瓦斯爆炸,严重影响井下煤矿工人的生命安全。本文主要介绍了煤矿井下瓦斯气体的释放特征、抽采瓦斯的意义和井下瓦斯事故的防范措施。     

高瓦斯矿井煤层巷道快速掘进方法

长期以来．高瓦斯矿井煤层巷道掘进受瓦斯影响很大．是制约煤层巷道快速掘进、影响生产衔接和安全的主要㈨素。因此,必须采取有效的瓦斯治理方法和生产组织形式．降低煤层瓦斯含量和瓦斯压力．杜绝煤与瓦斯突出事故,减少和消除瓦斯对生产的影响．保障矿井安全。     

瓦斯抽采管网监测一体化技术研究与应用

瓦斯抽采是解决煤矿瓦斯突出事故的根本之道,建立和使用瓦斯抽采管网的计量监测系统,是客观评价瓦斯抽采效果及是否达标的重要依据.平煤股份公司十二矿位于平顶山矿区东部,是煤与瓦斯突出矿井.近年来,十二矿深入实践科学发展观,大力推进管理和技术创新,全方位综合治理瓦斯,通过安装KJ370瓦斯抽放管网监控系统,连续监测管道瓦斯的浓度、流量、压力、温度及一氧化碳浓度等参数,实现了煤矿井下瓦斯抽采连续在线监测,优化了瓦斯抽采方案,大幅提高了矿井的瓦斯抽采、利用效率,实现了安全生产.     

煤与瓦斯突出防治技术及存在问题分析

对煤与瓦斯突出的机理进行了研究,并对煤与瓦斯突出的规律和预兆做出了分析,同时还指出了预测突出的方法和有效的防突措施及存在问题分析与对策,为防治矿井的煤与瓦斯突出提供借鉴经验。     

推进人力资源的系统开发

当前,推进人力资源开发,对于经济社会发展具有重要意义。从系统观点看,从我国经济社会发展的实际出发。需要着眼于人力资源开发的全过程,关注人力资源开发的全方面,增强人力资源开发的系统性。为此,需要在提升主体性过程中推进人力资源开发,在改进管理模型中推进人力资源开发,在教育培训中推进人力资源开发,在文化建设中推进人力资源开发,在人才使用中推进人力资源开发,在市场化的进程中推进人力资源开发,在提升社会资本的过程中推进人力资源开发,在完善机制过程中推进人力资源开发。     

Advancing a new index for measuring household vulnerability to food insecurity

This paper develops a Vulnerability to Food Insecurity Index (VFII). Currently, there is no standard indicator of vulnerability analysis in food security research, and this paper responds to this challenge. The primary objective in this paper is to demonstrate how to develop a potential indicator and establish its validity through comparison with other traditional food security indicators, such as per capita calorie consumption (PCC), food consumption score (FCS) and the coping strategy index (CPI). Structurally, Vulnerability to Food Insecurity Index is a multidimensional index of the probability of covariate shock occurring (exposure), the accumulative experience of food insecurity (sensitivity) and coping ability of households (adaptive capacity). The paper applies the index to households in southern Nigeria, using the World Bank’s generalised household panel dataset. The results show 61% of households in the study to be highly vulnerable to food insecurity, 12% mildly vulnerable and 27% not vulnerable. Traditional and single indicators, such as FCS and PCC are not good indicators of vulnerability to food insecurity whereas CPI is a better indicator of vulnerability to food insecurity compared to FCS and PCC. The VFII developed in this paper includes components of FCS, PCC, and CPI and regarding ranking, the VFII was found to be reliable. Most importantly, the analysis using the VFII reveals how dietary diversity or calorie consumption indicators can exclude some households who are vulnerable to food insecurity. The paper concluded that accurately target long-term support to vulnerable households, policymakers who seek to address the underlying causes of food insecurity cannot rely on single indicators, and for this type of goal, the VFII makes a useful contribution.     

井间示踪剂技术在油田开发中的应用

介绍了油田开发中几种常用的井间示踪剂技术原理、特点及在油田的应用效果和发展趋势,阐述了井间示踪剂技术的多种用途。通过示踪剂技术可以分析油田的水驱规律,了解断层的封闭状况,验证油水井的连通情况,计算注水井在平面上各个方向的渗流速度以及油井的水淹方向,确定区块的剩余油分布等,对于进一步认识油藏的非均质性、注入水沿裂缝窜流的规律、注水方案调整以及调剖堵剂用量的确定起到了积极的指导作用,为油田的油水井调整、工艺技术措施和综合治理提供了可靠的科学依据。     

国有大型企业集团的自主性改革--来自泸天化(集团)有限责任公司的实践

泸天化(集团)有限责任公司结合自身大型国有企业的特点,从生存和持续、稳定、协调发展的战略高度出发,充分把握企业经济效益较好的有利时机,科学分析,超前策划,采取“迈小步,不停步,集小步为大步”的方法和“积极稳妥,务求实效”的策略,不断更新观念,勇于探索,大胆实践,充分把握和用活现行政策、法规,不失时机地推进企业以产权为核心的自主性改革。通过实施系列企业“瘦身”计划和资源的优化配置,实现员工身份转换和员工持股计划,完成以投资主体多元化为重点的公司制改造,彻底转换企业经营机制和管理体制,进而提高企业核心竞争力和综合实力,为国有大型企业集团加快改革和发展探索了一条稳定而积极的路子。     

Texas 9-1-1: Emergency telecommunications and the genesis of surveillance infrastructure

Infrastructures of surveillance—everyday, taken-for-granted, institutionalized and technically mediated practices which identify, observe, and analyze individual actions—permeate society. These infrastructures mediate the production of social knowledge and action toward individuals. This article examines the genesis of one such infrastructure, namely the coordinated practices of identifying and locating mobile phone users during emergency (9-1-1) calls. Implementing this infrastructure has entailed creating and coordinating systems to locate wireless phones, to deliver the emergency calls to the appropriate service agency, and to deliver appropriate services to the emergency event. This implementation has occurred within historically specific regulatory, political, cultural, technological, and economic contexts and has specific implications for general surveillance practice. Focusing primarily on the state of Texas, this article examines the development of systems which store and deliver individuals’ geographic location. It argues that, despite privacy laws tightly restricting the use of information generated in the 9-1-1 process, and despite the special purpose to which the 9-1-1 system is dedicated, the wireless 9-1-1 initiative has created the infrastructure for a general purpose locational surveillance infrastructure capable both of surveilling broad patterns of activities and of responding to particular individuals. Moreover, the infrastructure is more available to police agencies and to well-established and well-funded corporate entities than to grass roots organizations. This trend is driven by the need to coordinate a national emergency response system within a fractured telecommunication industry, by the desire of marketers to understand and address their customers’ habits of mobility, and by an increasing willingness of police agencies to include widespread surveillance under the rubric of “emergency services.” Policy responses such as greater ability to opt out of the surveillance system, public oversight of emergency operations, and greater public access to the infrastructure itself might mitigate the most harmful potential social effects of this infrastructure, while distributing its benefits in a more democratic and egalitarian way.     

Race,ethnicity, and telecommunications policy issues of access and representation: Centering communities of color and their concerns

This paper examines how and why activist groups representing marginalized communities of color are increasingly engaging in communications technology policy issues, particularly in relation to issues of digital access and representation. It explores three distinct but related case studies to disentangle the issues and concerns of a range of communities of color, and the challenges and opportunities for their advocates in navigating the highly technical communications technology policy arena: the first case study, which centers on the NAACP's original opposition to net neutrality, reveals the primacy of issues surrounding the “digital divide” to populations of color, and the difficulties of engaging in technical conversations surrounding Internet governance when issues of access persist. Meanwhile, the second case reviews the campaign by Free Press to promote set-top box liberalization as an issue of representation and diversity to both policymakers and citizens. The final case, which examines the work of the Tribal International Carrier to build an alternative internet service network for Native populations, highlights the precarity which organizations must strategically navigate in order to mitigate the influence of both the state and large corporations over Internet policy issues in order to both serve and represent their constituents. In all, this paper presents and extends upon a novel approach to communications policy research, foregrounding the need to integrate critical race frameworks and, relatedly, to center the breadth, depth, and lived experiences of communities of color, which can therein facilitate more inclusive digital media and communication environments and policy structures.     

Market appeal in an emerging economy: Supermarkets and poor consumers in Vietnam

With the arrival and development of supermarkets, Vietnam is currently experiencing significant changes to its food system and more particularly the distribution system. The objective of this paper is to analyse the risks and benefits of this development to poor urban consumers in Vietnam. The analysis is based on surveys of food purchasing practices conducted in Hanoi from 2004 to 2006. It shows that poor consumers depend on a diversified network of formal and informal outlets to ensure food accessibility, credit opportunities and low prices. Poor consumers purchase very little from supermarkets due to material constraints (price, transport, etc.), although they have a high opinion of supermarkets and in particular the quality of the products sold. In order to be favourable to poor consumers, food distribution policies should aim to maintain the balance of the different forms of outlets and enforce public quality standards to guarantee the right of all to safe food.     

The quality of food risk management in Europe: Perspectives and priorities

In this paper, we address the issue of food risk management as practised in Western Europe. We begin by considering how food risks are managed, and then go on to consider how well they are managed. There are multiple answers to the ‘how well’ question, which are related to the varied perspectives of the different key stakeholders – from the food risk managers and producers, to the general public and the media. Consequently, there is no clear answer to the question of quality. What our review does identify is two priorities relevant to our understanding of effective food risk management: first, a need for further research to determine the source and nature of the different evaluative perspectives, and second, a need for the key stakeholders to appreciate and understand the alternative perspectives in order to enhance the effectiveness of the food risk management process.     

高利贷的危害与政策回应

金融危机导致国内大批中小企业资金链断裂,不少企业为了维持生存,解决一时资金周转困难,而不得不借高利贷以解燃眉之急。但是,高利贷犹如套在中小企业脖子上的“绞刑绳”,原本许多经营正常的企业因为借高利贷而被迫关闭破产。因此,在金融危机的背景下,我们必须加强监管,严厉打击高利贷行为,鼓励企业抱团自救。向国家商业银行贷款,以度过困难阶段。     

论虚拟仿真技术与群体支持系统在工程管理中联合应用

工程施工计划是一项复杂的工作，不断增长的复杂因素决定了工程管理人员需要采取新的、从未被用过、检测过的工程施工方法。缺乏便于工程策划人员进行评估和确认施工计划是否合理的工具，会在工程施工阶段造成许多重复性工作，造成成本浪费。虚拟现实技术为解决上述问题提供了一个很好的方法，会生成虚拟环境，允许项目决策人员在施工之前合理优化和选择施工方案，资源优化，降低成本，从而获得更好的投资效益。利用群体支持系统建立与工程施工计划相呼应的模型，工程数据作为其处理问题与人机交互的依据，辅助人员决策，进行项目的预算和分析，提高工程项目的价值管理。