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食品安全犯罪的发生,严重威胁着人民群众的生命安全和经济社会的稳定。刑法作为维护社会秩序的最后一道屏障,应当在保护食品安全领域充当重要的角色。本文通过食品安全的概念、刑法保护的现状等介绍,指出我国食品安全刑法保护的两个立法缺陷:法条罪名设置过于单薄和资格刑缺失。通过深入分析我国食品安全犯罪的刑法保护机制,提出相应的立法完善建议:将食品安全犯罪纳入“危害公共安全罪”中、扩充食品安全犯罪罪名和增设食品安全犯罪的资格刑。 相似文献
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我国刑法对公司犯罪只规定了罚金刑一种刑罚方法,这种单一的刑罚配置不能对公司犯罪起到惩罚和教育作用。我国可以借鉴美国公司犯罪刑罚体系的做法,通过完善罚金刑,增设多种附加刑的方式,对我国公司犯罪刑罚种类作出修改和完善。 相似文献
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近期,在"两会"上有代表提倡国家应当坚定对腐败犯罪"零容忍"的态度,试图通过死刑实现腐败犯罪的预防目的。然而死刑的保留不仅不符合腐败犯罪的罪质,并且还违背时代的发展潮流。因此,应当废除腐败犯罪中的"死刑"。要达到预防与惩罚的最佳效果必须在废除腐败犯罪中死刑的基础上,降低入罪门槛,增加资格刑与罚金刑,完善整个刑罚体系的协调性与统一性。 相似文献
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自97年新刑法增设私分国有资产罪之罪名以来,各地针对该罪名的查处却并不多见。而私分国资的现象在社会上普遍存在及其给国家利益所造成的损失相信也是众所周知的事情。学术届乃至法学界对该罪名的探讨和研究有很多,但人大和两高院对此具体的司法解释几乎没有,实际的判例也是五花八门、各不相同。因犯罪形 相似文献
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不增设剥夺从事特定职业资格刑种的思考 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
当前,理论界有不少学者提出立法建议———增设剥夺从事特定职业资格刑种。但从法律责任体系的科学化与我国独特的犯罪概念等角度分析,这个立法建议不合理。通过衔接行政处罚与刑事处罚,可以解决未增设剥夺从事特定职业资格刑种所带来的我国资格刑功能缺位等问题。 相似文献
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"罪刑相适应"是我国刑法的基本原则之一,《刑法》第六十一条规定:"对于犯罪分子决定刑罚时,应当根据犯罪的事实、犯罪的性质、情节和对社会的危害程度,依照本法有关规定判处。"可见,刑罚的轻重应当与行为触犯的罪名和犯罪行为具体情节对社会的危害程度相适应。 相似文献
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经济犯罪是一种严重扰乱市场秩序的违法行为。与自然人犯罪相比较而言,单位犯罪大多是一种有组织、有指挥的犯罪,在对抗侦查及逃避打击的能力方面,远远高于自然人,这就使得在经济犯罪的追诉中,对犯罪单位采取强制措施更为必要。对犯罪单位采取强制措施,在理论上符合刑事强制措施的对象特定性、强制性、保障性三大特征;在实践中应分两个主体分别设置相应的强制措施体系:其一,犯罪单位诉讼代表人,可采取拘传人身性强制措施;其二,对犯罪单位,可采取包括缴纳保证金、监视经营管理、支付禁止、关闭机构等等财产性强制措施。 相似文献
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由于我国刑法201条存在着立法语言和技术的不周延性,致使很多偷税行为,如果按犯罪论处,则于法无据,也违背罪刑法定原则;如果不按犯罪论处将有损法律的尊严和公平正义,并造成国家税收的大量流失,建议对其修改完善。在司法实践中,应纳税额的计算是一个关键的问题,对此问题刑法学界和司法实务界的多种观点都不完善,值得商榷。 相似文献
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Alexander Tabarrok 《Atlantic Economic Journal》1997,25(3):274-288
Standard economic models of criminal behavior analyze the criminal's decision in a partial equilibrium context. The standard model does not recognize that the probability of being punished is a function of the total amount of crime that occurs. As the total amount of crime increases, police resources become strained, courts become congested, and prisons become overcrowded. As a result, proportionately fewer criminals are apprehended, convicted, and imprisoned. The feedback effects from one criminal's decision to participate in crime to another criminal's decision can be highly significant. In one parameterization of the model developed here, the individual commits twice as many crimes for a given parameter shift than is implied by the standard model. The model also sheds light on other areas where criminal actions are interdependent such as riots, crime waves, and revolutions. 相似文献
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随着社会发展,我国传统的遗弃罪规定不能有效规制现实中频发的各种遗弃现象,本文在考察我国刑法关于遗弃罪的规则本身的基础上,借鉴外国的立法例,重新解释遗弃罪的构成要件,以此加强对遗弃行为的刑法规制,并对遗弃罪的规范形态做出了框架性建构,以期实现我国遗弃罪规定的现代化、合理化。 相似文献
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This study examines the relationships between the employability and criminality of white and black male teenagers. A disequilibrium model of employment and crime is formulated and estimated as a simultaneous probit equation system. Our results show that black teenagers who are employed engage in fewer criminal activities. Thus, it appears that blacks view employment and crime as alternative income-generating activities. On the other hand, the criminal behavior of white male teenagers is unaffected by their employment status. The evidence that we provide indicates that whites tend to use employment as a cover for crime or to moonlight in crime. The differences in the behaviors of whites and blacks can be explained, in part, by different legitimate opportunity structures for whites and blacks. One of the more important policy implications is that job opportunities targeted to high risk, black teenage populations will have the additional beneficial effect of reducing crime rates. 相似文献
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Richard B. Freeman 《The Review of Black Political Economy》1987,16(1-2):99-107
This article reports on a study which attempts to estimate the extent to which current and previous criminal activity reduces the employment of inner city black male youths from high poverty neighborhoods. The study finds a significant trade-off between employment and crime, with crime associated with a 10 to 12 percent reduction in employment of these youths. The policy implication is that increased criminal deterrence, as well as other programs, has a role to play in efforts to resolve the employment crisis for disadvantaged youths. 相似文献
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对于诉讼诈骗行为应当如何定性的问题,学界争议颇多,无罪说、敲诈勒索说、诈骗罪说各有其支持者。把诉讼诈骗纳入到诈骗罪的处罚范畴内无疑是在目前法律体系下解决诉讼诈骗的最好途径,但是由于诉讼诈骗的特殊性,完全按照诈骗罪进行判定又存在一系列问题,鉴于此应该在刑法中规定诉讼诈骗罪,从而使对诉讼诈骗的定性走出两难的境地。 相似文献
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金融诈骗是市场经济发展进程中出现的一类新型犯罪,在修订后的刑法中被单列一节。深入研究这类犯罪的构成特征,对于实践中正确区分罪与非罪、此罪与彼罪的界限具有重要意义。限于当时的客观实际,刑事立法上存在一定的缺陷,为了适应当前打击金融诈骗犯罪的需要,应作进一步的完 相似文献
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Kwabena Gyimah Brempong 《The Review of Black Political Economy》1986,15(1):27-43
Empirical models of the supply of criminal offenses in the United States have shown a positive relationship between the proportion
of the population that is non-white (RACE) and crime rates. Though non-whites in the United States possess more “criminal
capital” than the average person, such studies do not take into consideration this excess criminal capital. Since RACE and
the omitted excess criminal capital are correlated, it will pick up the influence of the excess criminal capital. Using cross-sectional
data from Florida’s municipalities, we show that after adjusting for excess criminal capital, RACE has no significant relationship
with crime. 相似文献