五水偏硅酸钠毒性效应研究

目的:探讨五水偏硅酸钠的毒性效应。方法:采用急性经口、皮肤刺激/腐蚀、眼刺激/腐蚀、皮肤变态反应等方法对五水偏硅酸钠的毒性效应进行评价。结果:4640 mg/kg bw剂量组的雌、雄性动物全部死亡,2150mg/kg·bw剂量组的雌、雄性动物均死亡4只;1000 mg/kg·bw剂量组雄动物死亡3只.其余动物未见死亡,LDa及95%可信区间为雄性动物1030 mg/kg·bw(665 mg/kg^1750 mg/kg)、雌性动物1071 mg/kg·bw(1260 mg/kg^2330 mg/kg),分级为低毒级、第4类;受试物组24 h和48 h的致敏率均为20.0%,致敏强度为II级,具有轻度皮肤致敏性;染毒1 h后观察发现家兔染毒侧皮肤出现了腐蚀和轻度水肿情况,具有皮肤腐蚀性;眼染毒后前4天的最高加权总积分均值为110,且第7天的加权总积分均值大于80.具有极重度刺激性,分级为8级。结论:五水偏硅酸钠具有一定的毒性,在使用过程中,应切实做好防范工作,保障健康安全。     

应用皮肤光毒性实验仪进行化妆品皮肤光毒性试验的研究

[目的]探讨应用皮肤光毒性实验仪进行化妆品皮肤光毒性试验的试验条件和阳性对照物8-MOP的合适试验浓度。[方法]观测皮肤光毒性实验仪的UVA光强度与开机时间的关系,并根据测得的光强度平均值计算得出光毒性试验所需的照射时间;用不同浓度的8-MOP进行试验,排除8-MOP的原发性刺激作用,选择适宜的应用浓度进行皮肤光毒性试验;对两个防晒粉底按所选仪器条件进行试验。[结果]照射开始后2-100m in,UVA光强度稳定在4.3-4.4 mW/cm^2,平均值为4.4 mW/cm^2,故试验时的照射时间为38m in;用皮肤光毒性实验仪进行光毒性试验,0.05%8-MOP能引起豚鼠皮肤明显光毒性反应并且不引起原发性刺激反应;相同试验条件下未见两种防晒粉底引起豚鼠皮肤显著光毒性反应。[结论]用皮肤光毒性实验仪进行化妆品皮肤光毒性试验可行、有效。     

戊二醛急性毒性研究

[目的]为了研究人体和环境的潜在危害。[方法]对25%戊二醛样本进行了急性经口毒性试验（大鼠、小鼠）、急性经皮毒性试验、急性吸入毒性试验和鱼急性毒性实验研究。[结果]戊二醛小鼠经口LD50为248 mg/kg体重,大鼠经口LD50为239 mg/kg体重,经皮LD50≥2000mg/kg体重,急性吸入毒性4h-LC50为768mg/m3,鱼急性毒性96h-LC50为13.5mg/L。[结论]戊二醛对人体的吸入危害风险和环境生态危害风险值得重视。     

戊二醛繁殖毒性试验研究

[目的]在完成了戊二醛大鼠急性毒性、遗传毒性、亚慢性毒性试验和致畸试验的基础上，进行大鼠一代繁殖试验，以研究长期接触戊二醛对亲代动物生殖能力及其子代动物生长发育情况的影响。[方法]参考G B 15193.15-2003进行高、中、低3个剂量大鼠一代繁殖试验。[结果]与空白对照组相比，高、中、低3个剂量组出生活仔率较低，存在一定的剂量-效应关系；高剂量组的出生活仔率显著性低于对照组(P<0.05)；未发现戊二醛对大鼠受孕率、妊娠率、出生存活率和哺乳存活率有明显影响。[结论]戊二醛可能对大鼠妊娠过程有影响，而不影响交配受孕和胎儿生长。     

来自不同地区的医学生掌握艾滋病知识的情况调查

[目的]了解不同地区医学生关于艾滋病知识的掌握情况,为开展艾滋病的健康教育提供科学依据。[方法]采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取广东药学院公共卫生学院和药科学院二、三、四年级的278名本科生,采用匿名独立答卷进行调查。[结果]学生普遍对艾滋病相关知识掌握较好,平均得分（11.54±1.98）（总分为14分）,来自不同地区的学生得分差异无统计学意义（F=2.320 P=0.100）;对艾滋病的三大传播途径的答对率均在89.2%以上,但对艾滋病的非传播途径答对率在54.4%～93.1%范围内;对艾滋病一般知识平均得分为3.80±0.93（总分为5分）,得分最高的是来自城市的学生为4.03±0.84,来自城镇、农村学生得分分别为3.84±0.81与3.62±1.03,三者差异有统计学意义（F=4.47 P=0.012）。[结论]医学生对艾滋病的基本知识掌握较好,但对于日常的接触是否传播仍存在着模糊的认识,而来自城市的医学生对艾滋病一般知识的认识和来自农村的差异有统计学意义。     

警惕甲醛对人体的侵害

一、甲醛对人体的危害 甲醛是无色气体,易溶于水,具有强烈的刺激气味,通常35%至40%的甲醛溶液称之为"福尔马林",用来浸泡病理切片及动物和人体器官标本,具有防腐作用.甲醛的毒性表现在对人的皮肤和呼吸器官黏膜的强烈刺激作用,对人体的中枢神经系统,尤其是视觉器官有强烈作用.甲醛能引起刺激性皮炎,尤其对婴幼儿,即使是较少的甲醛也能引起过敏性皮炎或皮肤过敏.吸人60至120毫克/立方米浓度的甲醛5至10分钟后,可使人体支气管和肺部严重损害;误服10至20毫升甲醛溶液,就可导致死亡.甲醛的危害还表现在它能凝固蛋白质.甲醛能和蛋白质的氨基结合,使蛋白质变性,扰乱细胞的正常代谢,对细胞具有极大的破坏作用,可使人致癌.     

高效液相色谱法测定畜禽组织中的三聚氰胺

[目的]建立了用高效液相色谱法测定畜禽组织中三聚氰胺的方法。[方法]采用C18（150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm）色谱柱,乙腈：0.01 mol/L辛烷磺酸钠溶液（10：90,V：V）作为流动相,检测波长240nm。[结果]方法定量限为2 mg/kg,在2.0-200.0μg/mL浓度范围,线性关系良好,r=0.9998;方法回收率为72.9%-84.5%,RSD小于5%。[结论]本法操作简便,测定结果准确,适用于畜禽组织中三聚氰胺的检测。     

高职学生自主学习能力现状调查及对策

[目的]了解高职学生的自主学习能力现状,采取相应的对策,以提高高职学生的自主学习能力。[方法]采用林毅、姜安丽编的《护理专业大学护生自主学习能力测评量表》对450名高职学生进行问卷调查分析。[结果]自主学习总分平均为(89.77±11.77)分;总得分率64.12%。得分最高的维度是拓宽信息渠道的能力;得分最低的维度是学习监控能力。[结论]高职学生的自主学习能力处于中等水平,改变传统教育模式,提高学生自控能力,激发学生兴趣,改善集体学习氛围,合理有效的利用时间,可以提高学生自主学习能力。     

2002-2012年世界卫生组织发布的疫情信息分析

[目的]了解历年来全球疫情信息,为制定口岸防控策略提供依据。[方法]对2002-2012年世界卫生组织所公布的疫情信息进行收集、整理和分析。[结果]所报道的传染病共涉及45个病种,分布在6大洲,203个国家和地区;呼吸道传染病的信息条数最多,消化道传染病病例数最多,出血热类传染病病死率最高;消化道传染病、虫媒传染病、其他传染病和未确诊疾病均在非洲最多。[结论]世界卫生组织网站公布的疫情信息对于传染病预警有重要意义;针对非洲等地区的重点航班、重点航线加强检疫非常必要;呼吸道传染病是国境卫生检疫防控的重点疾病;对入境人员中有消化道症状的人员仍应开展经典的消化道传染病筛查,对病毒性出血热类疾病也应提高警惕。     

医院职工工伤事故研究分析

[目的]分析2010-2022年(2022年截止8月)某医院职工工伤的流行特征,为医院职工职业安全卫生管理提供科学依据。[方法]采用描述流行病学方法调查该医院工伤发生情况和分布规律。[结果]13年间医院总共发生工伤事故67起,年均工伤事故发生率131.35/10万。工伤事故中男性占10.4%、女性占89.6%,平均年龄(32.9±8.6)岁;伤害时间以3月(13.43%)、1月(11.94%)、6月(11.94%)略高,周一(22.39%)、周二(16.42%)较高;伤害主要累及下肢、足及踝,骨折是最常见的伤害类型;车辆伤害占比最高;伤害原因以交通事故为主,其次为安全意识不强、注意力不集中;工伤造成的误工天数合计14455d,直接经济损失总计225.6万元。[结论]交通事故和个体因素是该医院工伤事故发生的主要原因,医院安全生产监督部门应加大安全教育力度,强化重点岗位操作技能培训,切实减少工伤事故的发生。     

Public Financial Expenditure——A Reflection of the Livelihood Improvement

In recent years.China's public finance put social construction high on the agenda and attaches more importance on livelihood insurance and improvement.The 2003-2007 public financial expenditure reflects a fact that the government isputting more emphasis on livelihood andissues concerning the people.     

Voices from the MPC and CPPCC

"Crucial for economic growth.energy utilization has its role in all economic sectors and every aspect of people's daily life.Now we are in dire need of a new profession,namely energy manager.We not only need to have passion and responsibility,but also a scientific approach to conserve energy and cut emissions.APpropriate legislation should be in place.and a special profession should be introduced to ensure the implementation of these laws and regulations."     

Slowdown Trade Surplus Growth

According to Ma Kai＇s economic planning report submitted to the NPC session on March 5th,（Ma Kai is the Minister in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission）,the government has listed the slowdown in trade surplus growth and the steady expansion of external investment as major tasks for 2008.     

Ouyang Riping： A Hero Besides Entrepreneur

A bout fifty years ago. a baby＇s cry broke the sky of quietness, in a small and beautiful town of Hunan province, which surroundcd by green hills and clear water. Though his .birth brought his family great happiness and hope just as any new life, nobody knew that the little boy would get great achievement when he grow up. even start his business oversea, and earn international honor. Let＇s share with you the entrepreneur Ouyang Riping＇s story, which may insights thcsc people who want to succeed and complete oneself in favorite condition or adversity rather leave things to so-called fate.     

Belarus, A Chinese Fort in Europe

＂In recent years, we＇ve found increasing interest from Chinese investors in the Belarus economy. Please let China know, Belarus is always ready to be a true friend to China. We have built a fort in Europe for China,＂ the President of Belarus, Alexander Lukashenko told Zhou Xiaochuan, President of the Bank of China, during his visit to the capital of Minsk, on January 8th, he expressed his high praise and firm confidence in the development of Sino-Belarusian relations.     

What＇s Behind Spring Festival？

Similar to what the Christmas Day means for the westerners,the Spring Festival is the most important celebration for Chinese people.This big event according to Chinese traditional lunar calendar relaxes and pleases the whole country as the happiest gathering time of the year.National-wide crusade for going back home,too-difficult-to-get train tickets,generous family-going-out shopping,Miaohui laundering,New Year Eve reunion dinner,visiting friends and relatives,watching annual TV gala......each piece of clue reminds us of the smell of Chinese Spring Festival.     

KEY WDRDS for Foreign Investment in China

FDI(Foreign Direct Investment),a component of a country's national financlal accounts,is investment of foreign assets into domestic structures,equipment,and organizations.It does not include foreign investment into the stock markets,concession and subcontract.FDI iS thought to be more useful to a country than investments in the equity of its companies because equity investments are potentially "hot money"which can leave at the first sign of trouble,whereas FDI is durable and generally useful whether things go well or badly.     

Brown＇s Blossom in Britain-China

The overall strategic relationship between U.K. and China is ＂better than ever＂, China- Britain relations have maintained good momentum, with increased high-level exchanges and the reinforcement of strategic mutual trust, with more room for growth in the future.     

Challenge and Opportunity Go Hand in Hand——What Global Economic Agitation Brings to the China's Economy?

Domino effects of the global finance agitation As the origin of the subprime crisis,US financial institutions lost USS45 billion last year,accounted for over half of the total US,EU & Japan loss.Since January 15th,Chtigroup released its financial statement of the 4th quarter,showing a net deficit of USS9.83 billion,which marked the hisoric high of its quarterly deficit.     

Consumption, New Protagonist in 2007 GDP

Not long ago, the National Bureau of Statistics released its 2007 Macro Economy Index. Social consumption retail sales reached RMB 8.9 billion, increased by 16.8 percent over the previous year, or 3.1 percentage points higher; the whole investment in social fixed assets was valued RMB 13.7 billion, a year-on-year increase of 24.8 percent, that is 0.9 percentage points higher; and trade surplus amounted to RMB 24.7 billion, rising by 47.7 percent compared with the same period last year, 26.3 percentage points falling over the increasing speed last year. According to preliminary estimates, GDP for the year was RMB 24.67 trillion, up by 11.4 percent from the previous year,