China’s foreign trade policy

China’s maxim of trusting in its own strength may well be the vital clue to an understanding of its foreign trade policy. In the fifties two-thirds of the Chinese foreign trade was conducted with Comecon states, above all the Soviet Union. After the break with the Kremlin Peking decided on a widely diversified, multilateral policy for its foreign trade. “To make foreign things serve China” became the motto.     

浅析我国外贸企业的风险管理问题

随着我国加入世贸组织,越来越多的企业参与到国际贸易中。加入世贸组织不仅给我国的外贸企业带来了机遇,而且也带来了挑战。随着贸易机会的不断增加,各种贸易风险也会接踵而至。因此我国的外贸企业在把握机遇的同时,应该加强对企业的风险管理,防范国际贸易风险。     

中国外贸的发展和变革

我国已经成为世界贸易大国,但还不是贸易强国。大而不强既有客观因素,也有主观原因。客观上我国经济发展水平还比较低,主观上与我国外贸法律法规不完善、体制机制不健全、外贸政策不配套和经营模式比较落后等有关。当前,我国外贸正处在大发展、大变革、大调整时期,既面临难得的发展机遇,也面临严峻的内外挑战,要以巩固贸易大国地位、推动贸易强国进程为主要目标,以调结构、促协调、提质量为重点,加快外贸发展方式转变,优化外贸国际市场布局和国内区域布局,推进外贸生产基地、贸易平台和国际营销网络建设。     

技术创新对中国外贸发展方式转变影响的实证研究

在分析1990年以来中国外贸发展方式转变状况的基础上,用协整检验和脉冲响应函数实证分析技术创新对外贸发展方式转变的影响。结果表明:技术创新是影响中国外贸发展方式转变的最主要因素,技术创新变量每增加1个百分点,外贸发展方式转变水平最大将提高1.91个单位;R&D投入强度对外贸发展方式转变过程中出现的波动性解释程度最大,达到56.33%,远大于其它因素的解释程度。因此,转变中国外贸发展方式,必须加快技术创新步伐,尤其要加大R&D投入。     

日本贸易发展变化及新政策下贸易发展趋势

战后日本经济的快速发展离不开日本贸易的发展,战后日本把"贸易立国"作为"不变国策"。然而2012年末安倍再次担任首相,并于2013年制定了安倍经济政策,其政策的实施在短期内对日本经济起到了复苏的效果,但对日本贸易并未起到拉动作用,2013年日本贸易额下降,贸易逆差继续加大。今后日本贸易的发展将通过扩大对外开放、增大技术创新投入、加快区域合作等方式实现。     

我国对外贸易依存度过高的原因及对策

自加入WTO以来,我国经济与世界经济接轨进程加快,外贸迅猛发展,外贸依存度也随之快速上升,给我国经济带来多方面的影响。通过对我国外贸依存度过高的原因进行分析,应降低高新技术、关键设备的对外依赖度,营造公平贸易环境,实现出口市场多元化,扩大内需,以改善外贸依存度。     

金融危机对美国对外贸易、贸易收支和经济增长的影响

金融危机通过对美国进口的抑制作用和对美国出口的刺激作用,改变美国的对外贸易规模和结构。金融危机对美国对外贸易的影响将首先传导到美国的贸易收支账户,收缩美国的贸易逆差。美国贸易逆差的收缩将传导到美国的国民收入账户,在一定程度上支撑美国的经济增长。所以,美国正在通过对外贸易输出金融危机。     

Potential FDI causing large distortions in domestic production

When a foreign firm enters a domestic market, either via exports or through foreign direct investment (FDI), one factor determining the most favourable entrance mode is the profitability of the market, which may not be directly observed by the foreign firm. If the domestic trade protection policy is within a certain range that causes the foreign entrant's decision to swing between the two entry modes, the final choice will depend on the foreign firm's belief about the profitability. In such a situation, a domestic incumbent firm wishing to prevent FDI will heavily distort its production downward to convince the foreign competitor that the market is not profitable. When making trade policy, such strategic behaviour on the part of the domestic firm should be taken into account.     

European aid for China’s economy?

The fact that increasing importance is being attached to foreign trade under the new Chinese leadership must not be mistaken for automatic expansion of the importation of foreign goods. Foreign trade will, as before, have only a complementary function in the economic development of China. For the time being there is no chance of doing really big business with China.

     

中印构建自由贸易区的经济效应分析

中印构建自由贸易区会产生贸易集聚效应、规模经济效应、资源优化配置效应、相互直接投资效应和区域经济发展效应等正经济效应;同时也存在一些负经济效应,如,中国将面临一定的税收损失、印度产品会对中国市场造成一定的冲击以及印度在吸引外商直接投资上会与中国展开竞争等。但总体上中印构建自由贸易区对两国来讲是利大于弊的。     

浙江省加工贸易的发展现状与对策研究

加工贸易是我国对外贸易的重要组成部分和利用外资的重要方式,是推动我国对外经济贸易持续、快速发展的主要动力。加工贸易的发展促进了产业结构的调整,对扩大就业、稳定社会做出了显著的贡献。本文对浙江省加工贸易发展的现状及存在的问题进行分析,并提出进一步发展浙江省加工贸易的政策措施。     

The Olympics' Impacts on China's Foreign Trade

The Beijing Olympics will have a lasting effect on China, especially on its politics and diplomacy, but the Olympics will only have limited and indirect influence on its foreign trade in my view. The rapid increase of China's foreign trade has remained a strong trend and could not be easily changed or accelerated by other factors including the Olympics. Meanwhile, China doesn't expect the Olympics to be a propeller for its foreign trade. With the fast development of past years.China has become one of the most important global trading nations that can be easily told from the perspective of its share of international trade flows.     

中国进出口贸易对经济增长方式转变的影响分析

文章基于中国1980-2010年GDP和进出口的相关数据对中国进出口贸易和经济运行的轨迹进行分析,测算了外贸依存度、贡献率和拉动度三个指标。运用协整理论和格兰杰因果关系检验方法对中国进出口贸易与经济增长的关系进行实证分析。结果表明中国经济增长与出口之间是正相关的关系,出口增长对经济增长具有明显的促进作用:出口每增长1%,中国GDP将增长约0.714%;同时,经济增长与进口之间也是正相关的关系,弹性为0.0286,进口每增长1%,中国GDP将增长约0.0286%。因此,可以看出中国进出口贸易的增长都促进经济的增长。     

Implications of the introduction of the Euro for the Mediterranean countries

The Mediterranean peripheral countries cannot afford to be passive viewers of the fundamental changes that are taking place in Europe after the introduction of the Euro. The new developments pose formidable challenges and opportunities. It will be argued that no single group of developing countries will be more affected by these changes than the Mediterranean countries given their geographical proximity to the region and their long historical record of extensive and large economic interactions (trade, finance, and migration). This article examines the implications of the introduction of the single currency in Europe on Mediterranean central bank reserves and foreign external liabilities, trade and capital flow, and exchange rate policies. It is shown that since most Mediterranean trade is with the EU, Mediterranean central banks will be necessitated to hold major portions of their foreign exchange reserves in Euros. Also, a Mediterranean currency peg to the Euro, or to a basket of currencies where the Euro is allocated, will be important in reducing financial and trade transaction costs. It will also be hypothesized that Mediterranean foreign debts will eventually have to be converted to Euros. Finally, parallels between this region and the U.S–Caribbean region will be drawn to reinforce the argument that trade and capital dependence will eventually lead to a pegging of the Mediterranean currencies to the Euro. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

外贸体制改革初探——中朝比较分析

市场经济体制从本质上来说就是一种规范经济。自改革开放以来,中国的经济面貌发生了很大变化,我国外贸体制的最终目标是要与社会主义市场经济相适应,本文通过比较分析了中国、朝鲜外贸体制的改革,以期对外贸体制进一步发展有所启发。     

浅谈绿色壁垒及中国的对策

绿色壁垒在很大程度上影响了我国的对外贸易。从短期看,绿色贸易壁垒提高出口产品的成本,将会削弱产品的竞争力,影响企业出口经营效益。从长期看,则有利于提高产品的竞争力,有利于生产国和消费国的环境保护。我国要尽快建立外贸环境技术标准信息系统,加快制定和完善中国各类商品生产和销售中有关环境保护的技术标准和法律规范,增加对绿色产业投入,推行清洁生产,加强环保教育,坚决抵制贸易保护主义,建立自身绿色壁垒,促使对外贸易的环境管理和国际环保法规的惯例接轨。     

论外贸企业的虚拟经营

随着信息技术的发展,生产者与消费者通过网络直接交易成为可能,商品在国际市场上的流动更加畅通。传统专业外贸企业作为“贸易中介”的作用相对弱化,引发了外贸企业组织结构的深刻变革。外贸企业的虚拟经营,形成了新的工贸关系。外贸企业依靠研发和品牌由过去生产企业商品的推销者,转变为国际市场的主导者。     

Changes in China''s Trade Policy?

We will steadily develop foreign trade.The main issues are to exploit new markets,adjust the trade structure and promote trade balance,Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao delivered a government work report at the opening meeting of the annual full session of the National     

江苏对外贸易与经济增长的实证研究

随着“一带一路”倡议的实施,对外贸易已成为影响经济增长的关键因素。江苏是全国经济发达省份,对外贸易增量迅速。本文以江苏为例,选取1992—2018年江苏相关数据,进行研究。结果表明:江苏进口和出口是经济增长的格兰杰原因,出口会促进经济增长,而进口会对经济增长产生一定的抑制作用。根据实证分析的结果,对如何促进江苏对外贸易发展与经济高质量发展提出建议。     

CAFTA的制度约束与中新双边自由贸易区建设研究

中国—东盟自由贸易区(CAFTA)建设中存在一定的制度约束。近期内东盟内部成员国与中国外贸具有趋同性。东盟成员新加坡的双边自由贸易区建设,对于中国在执行CAFTA的同时积极关注域外双边自由贸易区的合作路径提供了可能。借鉴新加坡的双边自由贸易区建设机制,加快与韩国、日本及印度等不同发展程度国家的贸易磋商与谈判,建立CAFTA域外双边自由贸易区将是中国外贸可持续发展的有效模式。