股权分置改革对上市公司治理优化的影响研究

股权分置的制度缺陷导致了上市公司治理缺乏共同的利益基础,扭曲了资本市场发挥作用的机理。股权分置改革有利于上市公司逐步形成共同的治理基础。从股权分置改革对上市公司治理优化的影响关系框架可以看出,指出股权分置改革通过上市公司股东行为、董事会作用及经营者激励约束机制等内部治理因素和资本市场定价机制、控制权市场并购重组机制及监督约束机制等外部治理因素影响着上市公司整体治理的优化,从而使后股权分置时代促进上市公司治理优化。     

我国上市公司治理结构存在的问题及其完善的对策

当前,在我国上市公司治理结构中存在的问题主要是上市公司监事会如同虚设,股权结构不合理,股东大会流于形式,董事会与经理管理层的关联性过强等。完善我国上市公司治理结构,应加强上市公司监事会的法律职责并强化其权利,调整公司产权结构;有效规范公司董事会的运作,增加独立董事的人数;赋予经理管理成员独立的地位,从而提高上市公司市场竞争力,使上市公司在激烈的市场竞争中得以生存与发展。     

An Analysis of the Chinese State-owned Listed Company＇s Governance Structure

公司治理结构作为现代上市公司企业制度的核心,在促进中国上市公司发展方面发挥着重要的作用。当前,中国国有上市公司治理结构存在一定的问题,严重阻碍了上市公司的发展。中国国有上市公司要优化股权结构,规范公司的运作,增强董事会的独立性、有效性和强化董事会外部监督作用,建立有效的激励和监督约束机制。     

中国国有上市公司治理结构的探析

公司治理结构作为现代上市公司企业制度的核心,在促进中国上市公司发展方面发挥着重要的作用。当前,中国国有上市公司治理结构存在一定的问题,严重阻碍了上市公司的发展。中国国有上市公司要优化股权结构,规范公司的运作,增强董事会的独立性、有效性和强化董事会外部监督作用,建立有效的激励和监督约束机制。     

资本市场与上市公司问题研究

随着中国现代企业制度的推广,公司治理逐渐成为企业获得资本市场核心竞争力的决定作用。目前,我国资本市场并不发达,上市公司资本结构资产负债率过低,过度偏好股权融资,企业长期负债的比率较低。有效优化上市公司资本结构,应改进相关的股权结构,提高董事会的运作效率,实行股权的激励,改善国家宏观融资环境与建立上市公司现金分红约束制度,完善公司外部的治理效率,以加强上市公司治理,促进中国资本市场的健康发展。     

我国上市公司治理结构与公司绩效研究

随着经济全球化和现代企业制度的不断改革,公司治理结构越来越成为理论界和实务界关注的热点。公司治理结构问题的核心在于保证科学、合理的公司决策,实现并提高公司绩效。上市公司整体业绩好坏与良好的公司治理结构紧密相关,要进一步实现和提高公司绩效,就必须进一步完善和优化上市公司治理结构。根据目前我国上市公司治理结构现状及其对公司绩效的影响,提出建议:适度减持国有股比例,优化股权结构;积极优化董事会治理结构,提高董事会治理效率;优化经理层激励机制,提高经理层经营管理能力。     

我国中小板上市公司董事会治理现状探析

近年来,我国中小板上市公司违规事件屡禁不止,一个重要原因是上市公司董事会治理效率差强人意。目前影响中小板上市公司董事会治理成效的因素主要有:股权高度集中;实际控制人与管理当局高度重合;董事会成员勤勉、自律欠缺;审计委员会的作用未能有效发挥等。只有在理解和解决这些问题之后,中小板上市公司才能建立有效的董事会治理系统。     

上市公司经营者的约束机制研究

转轨时期我国上市公司经营者监督约束方面存在诸多问题,要强化对经营者行为的监督约束机制,并发挥公司董事会、监事会、独立董事、中介机构、经理市场、资本市场以及企业内外其他方面的监督约束职能。上市公司只有激励约束机制真正到位,企业的发展才能有希望。     

私募股权参与公司治理的研究

本文通过阐述私募股权参与公司治理的内在机制,分析了私募股权投资通过合理的股权结构、有效的激励和约束机制和专业的董事会运作等手段对公司治理产生积极的影响,从而增加公司价值,达到治理套利的目的,同时表明了这样的模式对上市公司的借鉴意义。     

我国民营上市公司治理研究——基于79家民营上市公司经营绩效的实证分析

本文以公司治理理论为基础,选取了我国净资产收益率为负的79家民营上市公司进行实证分析,从民营上市公司股权结构、董事会制度以及管理激励机制三个方面,研究掣肘民营上市公司治理水平提高的原因,结果显示,我国民营上市公司的经营效率低下主要是由于股权集中度过高、董事会规模不合理、激励制度不健全造成的。并对我国民营上市公司的治理提出了一些建议。     

安徽省上市公司董事会治理与公司绩效关系的实证研究

以安徽省上市公司为研究样本,对董事会治理与公司绩效的关系进行实证分析,结果表明:适当的董事会规模、董事薪酬与董事持股比例对公司绩效有积极作用;独立董事比例、董事会领导权结构与董事变更对公司绩效影响不显著;过多的董事会会议不利于公司绩效的提高。     

企业集团董事会绩效综合评估体系的构建

董事会是公司治理的核心,能够对董事会的绩效进行有效的评估是有效公司治理的重要标志。随着公司治理的边界由单个企业扩展到企业集团,对企业集团公司治理的研究越来重要,鉴于国内外对企业集团公司治理的研究不是很多,对集团公司董事会绩效进行评估的研究几乎是空白。因此,有必要结合集团公司的特点和平衡记分卡这一优良绩效评估工具,建立集团公司董事会绩效评估体系。     

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act Will Change the Governance of Non Profit Organizations

As a public director of a NASDAQ stock exchange listed public corporation, I have seen how quickly the reforms in corporate governance imposed by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act have changed procedures and policies in public corporations. In areas such as transparency of financial records and other financial matters including compensation of top executives and conflict of interest policies affecting both corporate boards of directors and employees of the corporation the reforms of this new federal law have quickly changed corporate practices in many corporations. Many persons who have studied this new law believe that these changes will benefit the public, shareholders, employees, and other stakeholders in the modern corporation by increasing the reputation of these organizations for integrity and transparency. Stock exchanges such as NASDAQ and the New York Stock Exchange now require all listed companies to have (after a transition time) a majority of independent directors on their boards of directors. Only independent directors may serve on the audit, nominating and compensation committees of boards in most cases. Some exceptions are made to these rules for foreign and domestic issues of companies where a majority of the voting power is held by one person. According to Morrison & Foster LLP, Corporate Board Advisory March , 2004, NASDAQ requires that the board of directors of a listed company determine that an independent director does not have a relationship that would “interfere with the exercise of independent judgment” in carrying out the responsibilities of a director. Donald Grunewald served as President of Mercy College from 1972 to 1984. He has served as a member of the board of trustees of several colleges and proprietary educational institutions and on the boards of other charitable institutions. Currently he is a member of the Board of Directors of EVCI Career Colleges, Inc., a NASDAQ listed corporation.     

董事会权力结构比较研究——兼论对我国公司治理的借鉴意义

董事会是公司权力执行机关 ,具有股东与公司在权力上的承接关系。但由于信息不对称 ,可能导致董事滥用权力造成损害性后果 ,且股东及监事的监督作用又具有滞后性。因此 ,对发达国家公司法律制度与我国制度现状进行有效评析 ,借鉴与设计有效的董事会内部权力制衡构架 ,对完善我国公司治理结构具有现实意义。     

公司治理与企业业绩关系研究文献综述

在美国金融危机的冲击下,公司治理机制问题已成为目前国内外学术界共同面对的课题。总体上看,国际性的研究表明,当大股东的控制权高于他对现金流所拥有的权利时,公司的价值会减少,即大股东在取得控制权后,更多的是以牺牲公司利益的方式获得私人利益。我国学者研究发现,多元化股东、外部董事比例和高管激励是公司治理最重要的三个因素,是影响公司绩效最为显著的变量。但也有研究认为,我国上市公司的董事会行为是低效率的。从国内国外两个方面的文献综述可以看出,对公司治理与企业业绩的研究主要集中在公司的内部治理结构方面,由于研究的角度与变量选取的不同,其研究结果差异较大。但是,就其研究过程来讲,对于我国这样的新兴市场的建设与发展是具有重大影响意义的。     

浙江省上市公司董事会组成与公司绩效研究

利用浙江省上市公司的数据,应用SPSS统计软件,选择净资产收益率和每股收益作为被解释变量,选择董事会规模、独立董事比例、董事长与总经理的两职是否分离和控股股东担任董事比例四个指标作为解释变量,建立回归模型,对浙江省上市公司董事会组成与公司绩效关系进行实证分析。结果显示,控股股东成员担任的董事比例与浙江省上市公司业绩正相关,而且,董事长与总经理分设是现代公司治理的发展趋势。     

Some consequences of the early twentieth-century British divorce of ownership from control

Because ownership was already more divorced from control in the largest stock market of 1911 (London) than in the largest stock market of 1995 (New York), the consequences for the economy, for good or ill, could have been considerable. Using a large sample of quoted companies with capital of £1 million or more, this article shows that this separation did not generally operate against shareholders' interests, despite the very substantial potential for agency problems. More directors were apparently preferable to fewer over a considerable range, as far as their influence on company share price and return on equity was concerned: company directors were not simply ornamental. A greater number of shareholders was more in shareholders' interest than a smaller, despite the enhanced difficulties of coordinating shareholder ‘voice’. A larger share of votes controlled by the board combined with greater board share ownership was also on average consistent with a greater return on equity. Corporate governance thus appears to have been well adapted to the circumstances of the Edwardian company capital market. Hence the reduction in the cost of capital for such a large proportion of British business conferred a substantial advantage on the economy.     

我国上市公司独立董事制度若干特征分析

From three different perspectives, namely, the basic characteristics of independent directors, the percentage of independent directors on board and its relation to company performance, and the remuneration for independent directors and its relation to company performance, we could summarize implementation characteristics of the independent director institution in China: the age distribution of independent directors is relatively even and the majority of them are academic staff and researchers with business administration backgrounds; a positive relationship between the independent director’s remuneration and company performance, as well as between the number of independent directors on board and the company performance. Translated from Guanli Shijie 管理世界 (Management World), 2003, (6): 110–121     

The Influence Of Board Diversity On Company Performance Of South African Companies

A board of directors forms one of the pillars of a robust corporate governance framework. Board diversity can offer both challenges and opportunities for a company. In this article we investigate whether diversity of a board influences company performance as well as the change in company performance for the Top 100 South African companies listed on the Johannesburg Securities Exchange in 2013–2015. Tobin’s Q and Return on Assets are used as performance measures. Our findings show that the proportion of women on a board, the number of directors with a business qualification and board size are significantly positively related with the performance of South African companies, whereas the ethnic diversity of a board is significantly negatively related with the performance of South African companies.