共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
This paper investigates whether a high level of new business formation in a region stimulates employment growth in that region.
We look at the lag structure of these effects using a data set covering a fairly large time span (1982–2002). We find that
indirect effects of new firm births on subsequent employment growth are stronger than direct effects. However, indirect effects
only occur about 8 years after new firm formation. In particular, and unlike the findings from studies of other countries
using a similar approach, positive indirect effects do not seem to tail off in the Portuguese case. This is likely due to
a general pattern of results in which lags appear to be longer for Portugal. In view of these results, we suggest that the
lag times and magnitudes the effects on new firm formation on subsequent employment growth are likely dependent on the types
and qualities of start-ups.
相似文献
Paulo MadrugaEmail: |
2.
The effects of new firm formation on regional development over time: The case of Great Britain 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper re-examines the link between new firm formation and subsequent employment growth. It investigates whether it is
possible to have the wrong type of entrepreneurship—defined as new firm formation which leads to zero or even negative subsequent
employment growth. It uses a very similar approach to that of Fritsch and Mueller (Regional Studies, 38(8), 961–976, 2004),
confirming their findings that the employment impact of new firm formation is in three discrete phases. Then, using data for
Great Britain, the paper shows the employment impact of new firm formation is significantly positive in the high-enterprise
counties of Great Britain. However, for the low-enterprise counties, it shows that new firm formation has a negative effect
on employment. Of the 15 low-enterprise regions, eight are Scottish (of nine Scottish regions in our data base) and three
are North East Counties (of four). Our findings imply that having the “wrong type of entrepreneurship” is indeed possible.
相似文献
Pamela MuellerEmail: |
3.
Firm growth in industrial clusters of the United Kingdom 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This article examines how firm growth is influenced by the strength of the industrial cluster in which the firm is located.
It presents econometric estimates of firm growth for 56 two-digit industries in the UK. In about half of these industries,
there is a positive and statistically significant association between firm growth and own-sector employment. Significant associations
between firm growth and other-sector employment are less common, but where these arise they are generally negative. We find
that a weak rule of thumb applies in most industries: own-sector effects are positive or insignificant, while other-sector
effects are negative or insignificant. Cluster effects are strongest in manufacturing, manufacturing-related, and infrastructure,
but weaker in services.
相似文献
Catherine BeaudryEmail: |
4.
Josep Maria Arauzo Carod Daniel Liviano Solís Mònica Martín Bofarull 《Small Business Economics》2008,30(1):73-84
This paper explores the effects of new business formation on employment growth in Spanish manufacturing industries. New firms
are believed to make an important contribution to economic growth but the extent of this contribution is unclear. We consider
time lags of new firm formation as explanatory variables of employment change and identify how long the effect of new firm
entries on employment lasts. Our main results show that the effects of new business formation are positive in the short term,
negative in the medium term and positive in the long term, thus confirming the existence of indirect supply-side effects found
in similar studies for other countries.
相似文献
Josep Maria Arauzo CarodEmail: |
5.
This paper examines the relationship between new firm formation and regional employment change in The Netherlands. Using a
new regional data base for the period 1988–2002, we examine the time lags involved in the relationship. We also investigate
whether the relationship differs by sector and by degree of urbanization. We find that the maximum effect of new businesses
on regional development is reached after about 6 years. Our results also suggest that the overall employment impact of new-firm
start-ups is positive but that the immediate employment effects may be small in The Netherlands. Furthermore, we find that
the employment impact of new firms is strongest in manufacturing industries and that the employment impact of new firms is
stronger in areas with a higher degree of urbanization.
相似文献
André van StelEmail: |
6.
The article analyses the relationship between succession and firm performance. Applying a non-parametric matching approach
on a panel of roughly 4,000 Austrian family firms we evaluate the impact of actual (past) succession as well as planned (future)
successions on employment growth. Analysing succession plans, we do not find a significant difference in employment growth
between firms that plan to transfer the firm in the next 10 years and those who do not. In contrast, past succession exerts
a significant and positive employment growth effect, which becomes stronger over time.
相似文献
Denise Sandra DiwischEmail: |
7.
The paper examines the impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on the survival of business start-ups. FDI has potential
for both negative displacement/competition effects as well as positive knowledge spillover and linkage effects on new ventures.
We find a net positive effect for the whole dataset. However, a major contribution of the paper is to outline and test an
argument that this effect is likely to be comprised of a net negative effect in dynamic industries (high churn: firm entry
plus exit relative to the stock of firms) alongside a net positive effect in static (low churn) industries. We find evidence
to support this view. The results identify new effects of globalisation on enterprise development with associated challenges
for industrial policy.
相似文献
Andrew BurkeEmail: |
8.
Effect of credit guarantee policy on survival and performance of SMEs in Republic of Korea 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
This study evaluates the effect of credit guarantee on SMEs at the firm level. To estimate the effect of credit guarantee,
we analyze relations between credit guarantee, the survival of guaranteed firms, and their productive performance. The result
indicates that credit guarantee frequency enabled guaranteed firms to achieve good performances in general. On the contrary,
the effect of guarantee amounts is ambiguous in that there is difference between the contemporary effect and the lagged effect.
Therefore, we conclude that credit guarantee satisfied partially its goal to alleviate SMEs’ difficulty in acquiring finance
and to stabilize employment.
相似文献
Almas HeshmatiEmail: Email: |
9.
The effect of new business formation on regional development over time: the case of Germany 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
We investigate the effects of new business formation on employment change in German regions. A special focus is on the lag-structure
of this effect and on differences between regions. The different phases of the effects of new business formation on regional
development are relatively pronounced in agglomerations as well as in regions with a high-level of labor productivity. In
low-productivity regions, the overall employment effect of new business formation activity might be negative. The interregional
differences indicate that regional factors play an important role.
相似文献
Pamela MuellerEmail: |
10.
In this paper, we consider third-degree price discrimination in two markets in the presence of asymmetric consumption externalities;
we establish that under plausible conditions, a firm reduces its price in the market with low price elasticity of demand.
The firm can increase its profits by reducing the price for these consumers and enlarging the demand for other consumers,
provided that positive consumption externalities exist. Moreover, we show that third-degree price discrimination enhances
not only the firm’s profit but also total consumer surplus.
相似文献
Tatsuhiko NariuEmail: |
11.
Rodolfo Vázquez-Casielles Ana Belén del Río-Lanza Ana María Díaz-Martín 《Marketing Letters》2007,18(4):249-264
The conceptual model developed in this paper for the airline industry examines the relationship between quality of past service
performance and consumers’ responses to service failures (causal attributions, emotions and satisfaction). The empirical results
obtained indicate that for those consumers with higher perceptions of quality the causes underlying service failures are seen
as less stable and less controllable by the firm than the causes identified by consumers with lower perceptions of quality.
Attributions about the failure not only influence satisfaction directly but also moderate the effect of quality on satisfaction.
We also analyse the mediating effect of negative emotions on the relationship between service failure attributions and consumer
satisfaction.
相似文献
Ana Belén del Río-LanzaEmail: |
12.
Thomas J. Steenburgh 《Quantitative Marketing and Economics》2008,6(3):235-256
This article addresses the question of whether lump-sum bonuses motivate salespeople to work harder to attain incremental
orders or whether they induce salespeople to play timing games (behaviors that increase incentive payments without providing
incremental benefits to the firm) with their order submissions. We find that lump-sum bonuses primarily motivate salespeople
to work harder—a result that is consistent with the widespread use of bonuses in practice, but that contradicts earlier empirical
work in academics.
相似文献
Thomas J. SteenburghEmail: |
13.
The study investigates how an organization’s entrepreneurial orientation moderates the interplay between market orientation
and marketing subunit influence on firm performance. The hypothesized model predicts that the positive interaction between
market orientation and marketing subunit influence has a weaker effect on firm performance under conditions of high entrepreneurial
orientation. The regression and supplementary analyses provide support for most predictions and, most importantly, for a negative
three-way interaction effect: At higher levels of entrepreneurial orientation, the positive moderating effect of marketing
subunit influence on the market orientation–business performance relationship is reduced. The authors discuss the managerial
and theoretical implications of their findings and provide a number of directions for further research.
相似文献
Seigyoung AuhEmail: |
14.
This article investigates the role played by one type of firm interaction, namely R&D cooperation, and also the acquisition
of labor, in the promotion of industrial innovations. We employ a unique innovation dataset from Finland which combines firm
specific information about the innovation performance of the firms along with their individual characteristics, as well as
firm specific information regarding the origins of their recent labor acquisitions. Analyzing this data allows us to identify
the different roles which the knowledge spillovers and labor markets play in the innovation process. Our results suggest that
small firms are generally more innovative than large firms; R&D cooperation is an essential feature of innovation, but the
variety of cooperation is of little importance; and labor acquisition appears to be only of limited importance for innovation.
相似文献
Philip McCannEmail: |
15.
Managing the shipment of goods to consumers is one of the central aspects of retail competition on the internet. In this article, we analyze internet retailers’ shipping strategies using data from the internet book retailing industry. We find that, controlling for a variety of observable firm characteristics, firms with lower product prices offer lower shipping fees and higher quality shipping in terms of average delivery time, compared to firms with higher product prices. These patterns cannot be readily reconciled with a large class of models of competition under perfect consumer information. Theories based on imperfect consumer information can explain the findings better.
相似文献
Han LiEmail: |
16.
Robert M. Feinberg 《Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade》2009,9(2):101-115
In this paper I consider 115 rural markets in the USA, and both describe and explain patterns of bank and thrift entry over
the past 10 years, with particular interest in the decisions of top bank holding companies to enter rural markets and the
influence their presence has on entry of smaller banking institutions. The paper explores several dimensions of entry and
competition in rural banking markets. In terms of explaining both numbers of banks across markets and gross and net entry
within markets, market size and its growth seem to be major factors, consistent with recent literature. The role of leading
bank holding companies is found to be important in stimulating entry of smaller rivals. This result is consistent with earlier
work suggesting that merger and acquisition activity tends to stimulate de novo entry, while also with the view that large
firm presence may be a signal to potential entrants of future growth prospects in the market.
相似文献
Robert M. FeinbergEmail: |
17.
Bing Jing 《Quantitative Marketing and Economics》2007,5(1):35-61
In this paper, we extend the Varian (1980) model to examine endogenous quality differentiation by firms, with a particular
emphasis on the interplay between the firms’ product quality decisions and the ensuing price rivalry. Specifically, we assume
that the price-sensitive (or informed) consumers hold a lower valuation for product quality than the brand-loyal (or uninformed)
consumers. It is shown that the firms will choose differentiated qualities for a broad class of consumer utility functions
and production technologies. We obtain two results. First, the equilibrium quality choices are efficient as they are also
the welfare-maximizing qualities chosen by a social planner. The equilibrium qualities are as if one firm serves only its
loyal consumers and the other serves only the price-sensitive consumers, even though they each serve both types of consumers
(at least for some fraction of time). Second, the firm choosing the lower quality makes greater profits and also prices more
aggressively, in the sense that it maintains a lower maximum price and offers discounts more often. The lower-quality product
is more profitable because it yields higher social surplus when consumed by the price-sensitive consumers.
相似文献
Bing JingEmail: |
18.
This paper investigates whether small businesses face financial constraints that affect their survival. A model of moral hazard
is developed in which financial constraints arise endogenously. The model predicts that higher private assets relax financial
constraints and have a positive effect on the firm’s probability of survival. The empirical analysis confirms that the entrepreneur
has a higher propensity to stay in business when she inherits capital. This effect is particularly strong for entrepreneurs
who switch from self-employment into wage employment.
相似文献
Oleksandr TalaveraEmail: |
19.
Many Continental European countries recently reformed their bankruptcy legislations to stimulate reorganization and firm survival.
We show that the Belgian 1997 bankruptcy code reform, which implemented several international best practice recommendations,
significantly reduced aggregate small and micro business bankruptcy rates. However, using distributed lag models to control
for the relationship between bankruptcy rates and macroeconomic variables such as real GDP growth, consumer confidence, inflation,
etc., we find that the new code’s impact is not the same for all types of companies. Specifically, while the beneficial effect
of the reform is largely similar between small firms (i.e. stock corporations) and micro firms (i.e. partnerships), it is
only significant in certain industries (manufacturing and trade). Overall, our results indicate that especially the measures
taken to limit domino bankruptcy effects are likely to have had a substantial impact. Our findings have several policy implications
for the evaluation and modification of the bankruptcy system.
相似文献
Cynthia Van HulleEmail: |
20.
Innovation in SMEs exhibits some peculiar features that most traditional indicators of innovation activity do not capture.
Therefore, in this paper, we develop a structural model of innovation that incorporates information on innovation success
from firm surveys along with the usual R&D expenditures and productivity measures. We then apply the model to data on Italian
SMEs from the “Survey on Manufacturing Firms” conducted by Mediocredito-Capitalia covering the period 1995–2003. The model
is estimated in steps, following the logic of firms’ decisions and outcomes. We find that international competition fosters
R&D intensity, especially for high-tech firms. Firm size and R&D intensity, along with investment in equipment, enhances the
likelihood of having both process and product innovation. Both these kinds of innovation have a positive impact on firm’s
productivity, especially process innovation. Among SMEs, larger and older firms seem to be less productive.
相似文献
Jacques MairesseEmail: |