心理契约视角下品牌关系的研究综述与展望

在以往的学术研究中,关于心理契约的研究主要集中在组织行为学,在营销领域,已有一些学者开始探讨心理契约的意义,实践证明消费者—品牌关系中也存在心理契约。文章通过系统的文献梳理阐述了心理契约与品牌关系的概念内涵;厘清了品牌关系中消费者心理契约的内容;分析了消费者心理契约违背后消费者的反应行为及相关模型。在此基础上对心理契约视角下品牌关系的研究主题进行了展望。     

品牌信任、顾客满意及关系承诺

基于消费者认知与情感层面,可从消费者与品牌的互动关系入手,将品牌信任划分为转移信任、经验信任两种类型。数据分析表明,对品牌信任的这种新划分存在于消费者与品牌的交互过程之中,不仅具有合理性,而且具有深远的理论意义。数据拟合分析结果表明,转移信任对顾客满意的直接作用非常明显,转移信任能够引起顾客满意,同时顾客满意对经验信任的作用也非常强,顾客满意能够导致经验信任。关系承诺与顾客满意度及经验信任之间存在因果关系,但也会受到其他因素影响,因此即使消费者对品牌产品满意或获得了经验上的信任,也不一定会长期使用或推荐某个品牌的产品。鉴于此,为更好地建立、发展并保持消费者与企业间的长期关系,改善品牌管理方面存在的不足,企业要适时调整营销战略与策略。一要重视消费者转移信任的建立,关注实质的产品质量与服务,关注顾客需求,为顾客解决消费过程中出现的问题,通过建立企业品牌信任,提高顾客满意度;二要培养具备专业知识的业务人员,为消费者提供准确而有价值的产品信息,赢得消费者信任,强化企业与消费者之间的关系,维持企业与顾客之间的长久关系;三要选择有效的途径进行品牌传播,举办吸引消费者参与的活动等,从建立品牌信任开始进行新产品、新品牌的市场开拓。     

心理契约的品牌关系研究

品牌关系自20世纪90年代提出以来,已经成为品牌研究领域的一个热点.本文将组织行为学中心理契约的概念引入品牌关系研究,营销情景中的心理契约内容包括交易心理契约和关系心理契约.对于品牌关系中消费者心理契约的违背,消费者将采取断裂、抱怨、沉默、破坏等行为.     

品牌声誉影响消费者品牌依赖的机制研究:品牌关系利益的中介效应

用品牌依赖替代品牌忠诚,通过检验品牌关系利益的中介效应与消费者心理特质(社会归属感)的调节效应,分析品牌声誉影响消费者品牌依赖的过程机制,结果表明:品牌声誉正向影响消费者品牌依赖;品牌关系利益中信任利益与情感利益两个维度在品牌声誉对消费者品牌依赖的影响中起部分中介作用,且两个维度的中介作用存在差异性;消费者心理特质(社会归属感)在品牌声誉影响消费者感知品牌关系利益和形成品牌依赖的过程中不存在显著的直接影响.     

品牌代言人丑闻对消费者品牌信任的影响 ——一个有调节的双中介模型

日益频发的品牌代言人丑闻无论是给代言人还是给品牌商以及消费者都带来了巨大的消极影响,但目前相关的研究却极为匮乏.通过两个实验研究发现:虽然品牌代言人悖德丑闻与违法丑闻都会降低消费者的品牌信任,但前者较之于后者的影响更严重;心理契约违背与犬儒主义心理会共同在品牌代言人丑闻对消费者品牌信任的影响中起中介作用;消费者传统性不仅会直接调节品牌代言人丑闻对犬儒主义心理的影响,而且会对双中介产生调节作用,但不会对品牌代言人丑闻影响心理契约违背产生直接的调节作用.该研究不仅对深化和完善品牌代言危机等理论具有重要意义,而且对品牌商、代言人、消费者和监管机构等有重要的管理启示.     

顾客品牌心理契约:品牌资产的心理源泉

心理契约是一种主观心理约定,品牌本质上是顾客与品牌的心理契约。在品牌日益成为企业提升竞争优势主要源泉的今天,顾客品牌心理契约是品牌资产的心理源泉,可通过驱动品牌忠诚来现。重视顾客品牌心理契约的管理,对于企业品牌运营有着重要意义。     

品牌社群价值对品牌信任的影响作用研究

品牌社群是当今西方品牌理论研究的新前沿,品牌社群营销成功的关键在于运用品牌社群来创造消费者的品牌信任。本文在系统论述品牌社群价值和品牌信任结构维度的基础上,建立品牌社群价值与品牌信任之间的作用机理模型,通过顾客体验作为中介变量来理解品牌社群价值与品牌信任之间的关系。最后,本文提出了研究结论,并指出了研究局限性和未来展望。     

调节定向在品牌忠诚动态形成过程中的作用

现有基于消费者—品牌关系对品牌忠诚影响因素的实证研究发现,品牌信任和品牌情感是品牌忠诚的决定因素。尽管很多学者认为应该从动态的视角认识忠诚的概念,却没有随着时间推移来研究消费者品牌忠诚的发展过程的文献。为了弥补现有营销文献中这一理论的不足,文章提供了一个关于品牌情感和品牌信任同时影响品牌忠诚形成过程的动态研究。通过一个纵向情境模拟实验研究发现随着时间的推移,品牌信任和品牌情感在品牌忠诚的形成过程中作用在不断变化,并且消费者自我调节定向与品牌信任或品牌情感的的匹配会增强其在品牌忠诚形成过程中的作用。     

消费者怀旧情感对品牌忠诚的影响

每个消费者都或多或少存在怀旧情感,企业很早就开始利用消费者的怀旧需求开展怀旧营销。消费者品牌关系是品牌忠诚的重要影响因素,而消费者怀旧水平对品牌信任与依恋有一定的影响,品牌信任和依恋对品牌承诺有很大的促进作用,品牌承诺是品牌忠诚的核心驱动因素。由此可见,消费者的怀旧情感可以通过品牌关系的中介而作用于品牌忠诚,企业可以通过开发各种营销策略,为消费者提供怀旧体验的平台,从而提高消费者的品牌忠诚度。     

浅谈品牌个性

品牌是产品与消费者之间的关系,是一种消费体验。品牌要真正做到不同凡响,就要与消费者建立联系。如果品牌不仅与消费者建立了理性的关系,而且让他们感受到强烈的情感联系,那么品牌创建就能取得成功。建立品牌个性正是这一情感的主要体现。建立品牌个性就是建立一种象征,它能代表购买产品和服务的消费者的想法、追求和精神;取得消费者共鸣,产生一种认同感,满足消费者情感需求,     

Media amplification of a brand crisis and its affect on brand trust

Abstract

This paper explores the ways in which consumers' brand trust during a brand crisis is affected through direct experience versus when it is amplified through mass media. By using case-study methodology, our findings reveal that generalised public images of a product crisis initiate a public perception of risk, which provides more negative effects on brand trust than the actual consumers' experience does. We introduce the media as a third partner influencing the trust relationship between consumers and brands, and offer suggestions for restoring and preserving customers' brand trust.     

It's no longer mine: the role of brand ownership and advertising in cross-border brand acquisitions

Although cross-border brand acquisitions are increasingly common in the global marketplace, research on how consumers respond to them is limited. Building on social identity and psychological ownership theories, we introduce the concept of brand ownership to the advertising literature, and show its negative effects on consumer reactions to a brand acquisition. Furthermore, we demonstrate that consumers’ disidentification (i.e., an oppositional motivation) with an acquiring country moderates the negative effect of consumers’ brand ownership on consumer attitudes after a brand acquisition. The results reveal that consumers with high levels of brand ownership develop more negative post-acquisition brand attitudes when a brand is acquired by a country with which consumers strongly disidentify (i.e. dissociative vs. out-group). Furthermore, our research introduces the concept of a brand ownership appeal in advertising, and demonstrates that it is an effective advertising strategy in enhancing post-acquisition brand attitudes for consumers with high levels of brand ownership. Important theoretical and managerial advertising implications conclude this research.     

Brand trust and engagement in social commerce

With the surge in social media (SM) users around the world, the scope of social commerce (SC) in brand engagement is a prominent area of discussion. The present study empirically investigates the effect of social commerce construct (SCC), multi-dimensional constructs of social presence theory (SPT) and consumer generated content (CGC) on brand trust and brand engagement in SC platforms. An online survey was conducted among 625 Indian consumers who had made more than one purchase using SC platforms in the previous 6 months. Structural equation modelling technique was employed for testing the hypotheses and conceptual model. The results suggest that each element of SCC, SPT and CGC positively contributes to brand trust and engagement. Further, the study provides insight into brand trust and brand engagement in SM, which prompts brand usage intention of the consumers. The insights can be used by managers to create long-term customer relationship management action plans that emphasize brand trust and engagement.     

The moderating effect of individual level collectivist values on brand loyalty

In today's dynamic business environment the success of a firm often depends on its ability to create brand loyalty. While there is a large body of research exploring brand loyalty and its antecedents, little has been done to examine how the relationship between these antecedents and brand loyalty is moderated by consumer differences in individual level collectivist values. This understanding is important however as consumers high in individual level collectivist values have been found to make different brand choices than consumers low in individual level collectivist values. We develop and test theory that suggests consumer differences in individual level collectivist values have a significant moderating effect on the relationship between perceived value, perceived quality, brand trust and brand loyalty. The results show that consumers high in individual level collectivist values are significantly more loyal to a focal brand, especially when brand trust and perceived quality are at relatively low levels.     

Perceived brand authenticity and social exclusion as drivers of psychological brand ownership

Firms strive hard to make their brands imbibed in consumers’ lives. Psychological brand ownership is one of the best ways to make consumers psychologically own the brand to generate favorable behavior. Thus, it becomes imperative for firms to know about the ways through which psychological brand ownership can be induced. To this end, the current study primarily examines perceived brand authenticity and social exclusion as the important antecedents to psychological brand ownership. In total 407 responses were collected through online mode. The results demonstrate that both perceived brand authenticity and social exclusion engender a sense of psychological brand ownership. In addition, the findings also lend support to positive word of mouth and purchase intentions as the outcomes of psychological brand ownership. The study presents some important implications to both academicians and practitioners.     

品牌仪式的“见”之效应：品牌仪式如何影响消费者信任

受新冠肺炎疫情的影响，大多消费者只能在线观看企业通过互联网实施的品牌仪式，然而以往研究更多揭示的是消费者直接参与的仪式效应，鲜有消费者不直接参与的仪式研究。基于社会交换理论，文章运用实验法探讨了当消费者见到但不实际参与品牌仪式时，品牌仪式对消费者信任的影响机制，即品牌仪式的“见”之效应。结果表明：作为视觉材料呈现的品牌仪式（对比随机动作）也能激活消费者的仪式感知，增加消费者对品牌的信任。原因在于当消费者从品牌仪式的互动体验中获取相应的积极情感资源（心流体验）后，会更倾向与品牌建立信任关系。此外，消费者品牌关系规范会调节品牌仪式对消费者信任的影响，对于共享型关系中的消费者，品牌仪式通过增强消费者心流体验，进而增加消费者对品牌的信任，但对于交易型关系中的消费者，该效应消失。     

Social media influencers: A route to brand engagement for their followers

Social Media Influencers (SMIs) are micro‐celebrities with large followings on social media platforms who engage consumers and hold the potential to promote customer‐brand relationships across different product categories. SMIs have an existing relationship of trust with consumers, and consumers seek out the content created by SMIs for valuable information and advice. This study explores the process of brand engagement between consumers and brands in the digital content marketing environment, specifically examining the research question: Do SMIs act as a route to brand engagement for their followers? The context for this study is the beauty community on YouTube; over 60,000 user comments were analyzed through automated text analysis. This study is among the first to provide empirical evidence that SMIs do act as a route to brand engagement through the three dimensions of cognitive processing, affection and activation.     

The role of customization,brand trust,and privacy concerns in advergaming

This study investigates the effects of advergame customization features and trust in the brand advertised in the advergame on players’ brand attitude and personal information disclosure. Moreover, we examine to what extent players’ privacy concerns moderate these effects. Drawing on self-determination theory and uncertainty reduction theory, we developed and tested a game with varying levels of customization features and brand trust. Results show that customization possibilities and brand trust may have a positive influence on advergame persuasion outcomes, but this influence is strongly conditioned by consumers’ privacy concerns. When privacy concerns are low, a game containing customization features leads to a more positive brand attitude. However, when privacy concerns are high, the effect becomes negative. Additionally, we find that different levels of privacy concerns do not affect players’ responses toward high trust brands, but toward low trust brands. For low trust brands, players with high privacy concerns show more negative game responses than players with low concerns. These findings set the boundaries for several theoretical and practical implications regarding advergame effectiveness.     

Impact of Food Brand Controversy on Consumers’ Attitude Toward Brand and Company

It is critical to understand the impact of controversy on the consumer. There is a scarcity of research measuring post-controversy consumer attitude on both product and corporate brand during a controversy. The study is based on a recent brand controversy linked with instant noodle brand “Maggi” in India. The study examines impact on brand perceived quality, credibility, trust and loyalty, and attitude about brand and company. Data have been collected during July–October 2015 when the brand Maggi was banned in India due to quality-related controversy. Results indicate that respondents, with higher post-controversy brand loyalty, hold positive attitudes about brand. The interaction effect reveals that the relationship is significant and positive. During controversy, consumers’ attitude about brand and company is not identical. For a strong brand, consumers may have positive attitude but they become quite negative about company.