基于无形损耗的易逝品三级供应链利润分配研究

随着消费者对产品多样化、个性化的需求不断增加,越来越多的产品具有易逝品的特点。因此,对易逝品供应链进行研究是很有必要的。文章主要研究在一定的市场需求下由供应商、制造商与零售商组成的三级供应链的利益协调问题。     

易逝品库存风险管理浅议

由于易逝品的库存管理问题是一类风险较高的库存管理问题,其根本特征是具有生产提前期长、销售周期短、期末未售出的产品残值低、需求不确定性大等。文章对该类库存管理中的风险及其度量方法进行了探讨。     

易逝品库存风险管理浅议

由于易逝品的库存管理问题是一类风险较高的库存管理问题,其根本特征是具有生产提前期长、销售周期短、期末未售出的产品残值低、需求不确定性大等。文章对该类库存管理中的风险及其度量方法进行了探讨。     

逆向物流中循环再生库存模型研究

本文提出的库存模型只涉及循环再生系统,系统中经过再生处理的物料可作为产品的原材料再次使用,同时假定生产需求率和循环再生物料返回率是确定的常量,该模型可以作为企业进行库存成本控制理论依据。     

价格和库存均影响需求的易腐品模型

蔬菜、水果等物品在存储的过程中随时间的推移会发生大量的损耗。假定产品的需求受库存和销售价格的影响,在有限计划期内建立时变拖后供给的易变质品库存模型,给出一种寻求最优订货次数和销售价格的简便方法,并分析参数变化对于订货次数、平均利润和服务率的影响。     

基于鲁棒优化的酒店收益管理策略探析

基于酒店客房价值的易逝性以及顾客需求的波动性,如何实现客房销售收益最大化一直是困扰酒店行业的一大难题。本文在鲁棒优化原理的指导下构建了超额预定情境下的客房收益模型,并通过实例验证了该模型的可行性。     

随机需求下的库存协调策略

本文讨论单一供应商和单一销售商的单周期库存模型问题。在通常的库存风险共担模型的基础上，增加考虑了追加生产问题。算例表明，根据实际需求追加生产可以达到提高双方效益的效果，是提高供应链整体效益的一种好方法。     

论服务的特征及其管理启示

服务与制造业的产品或“货物”不同,服务的生产和消费具有无形性、同时性、变化性和易逝性四个特征。管理服务企业必需根据服务的这些特征强化需求管理,增强质量控制,防止被检测出的“劣质服务”到达消费者     

考虑消费者止步行为的易逝品供应链系统研究

针对可用库存低于一定阈值水平时,客户不愿意购买产品这一现象,研究了考虑消费者的止步行为的易逝品供应链系统。本文通过分析消费者止步行为对供应链系统的最优决策及整体利润造成的影响,运用报童模型,探讨考虑消费者行为因素的各参数间关系,并通过算例对结论进行了验证。     

经济供求关系与低端锁定

本文通过构建模型,首次分析了供求结构与产业升级之间的关系,阐述了“低端锁定”现象产生的内在机理。结果发现,生产结构的调整路径主要取决于两个方面：国民经济的增长速度与高低端产品的需求增速的关系;生产技术在不同生产部门之间的相对效率。当经济增速高于低档品需求增速而低于高档品需求增速时,生产结构沿产业升级路径调整;当经济增速低于低档品需求增速而高于高档品需求增速时,生产结构沿低端锁定路径调整。从技术角度看,当高档品生产中生产技术的使用相对于低档品生产更有效率时,生产结构相对于需求结构会更高,反之则更低。结论很好地解释了我国近几十年米的产业状况,即经济虽处于高速增长路径,但产业没有顺利升级。     

The ramification of dynamic investment on the promotion and preservation technology for inventory management through a modified flower pollination algorithm

The dynamic rate of investment in promotion during different price-ranges and the optimum investment in preservation technology are developed for seasonable or fashionable products through their lifespan. An order level inventory model for deteriorating items with promotional price and trapezoidal-type demand rate is used to maximize the profit of a retailer. The deterioration rate is dependent on the preservation technology i.e., more investment in preservation reduces the rate of deterioration. The aim of this study is to obtain the optimum dynamic investment for the promotion. The optimal control theory is employed to obtain the dynamic investment rates. A modified flower pollination Algorithm is applied to find the optimal pricing scheme, preservation technology investment, and replenishment schedule. An illustrated algorithm based numerical experiment is conducted to validate the dynamic behaviour of the investment. Sensitivity analysis has been carried out with respect to the major parameters to prove the novelty of the algorithm and explored the managerial insights of the proposed model. Numerical studies obtain that dynamical investment is really beneficial for the management of stocks.     

Population growth,human capital expenditures and economic growth: a macroeconometric analysis

"The paper presents an econometrically estimated model where economic and demographic variables are determined simultaneously. It is used to quantify the importance of human capital expenditures in socioeconomic and demographic development as well as analyze the effects of rapid population growth on human capital expenditures. The simulation results indicate that human capital expenditures are important determinants of economic development, have appreciable negative effects on both fertility and infant mortality, hence, have negligible net effects on population in human capital expenditures per capita which implies a deteriorating quality of human capital."     

货存供方联合库存管理策略的实现

根据货存供方的联合库存管理策略的实现形式,基于订单制管理的货存供方的联合库存管理策略运行机制,从企业合作层面和业务运作层面分析了其实现流程,从企业基础层面和供需双方的具体运作层面揭示了其实现条件,并对其应用效果进行实证评估,结果证实了这种策略在多行业不同类型企业具有适用性和有效性。     

When Should an Incumbent be Obliged to Share its Infrastructure with an Entrant Under the General Competition Rules?

According to the essential-facilities doctrine, competition law requires an infrastructural monopoly to provide access. Under the Bronner criterion, proposed by the EC Court, the doctrine is only applicable when a symmetric infrastructural duopoly is non-viable. This paper uses a simple model to illustrate that, from a welfare point-of-view, the Bronner criterion may provide too little monopoly protection for the incumbent in high-risk new markets, while requiring too much investments from the entrant in low-risk mature markets.JEL classification: L43, L51     

Optimal pricing, production rate, and quality under learning effects

This study investigates the marketing and production problem for a monopolist firm where price, quality and production rate are simultaneous dynamic decision variables under the condition of a dynamic demand that depends on price, quality and cumulative sales. The formulated continuous profit maximization model follows the steps for dynamic optimization to derive optimal price, quality and production policies, wherein a unit production cost that decreases with cumulative production reflects the cost learning effect. Through the differentiable multiplicatively separable demand function, this study analyzes optimal trajectories for determining price, quality, and production rate. The results specify several optimal policies and policy makers would gain insight into the consequence of their decisions that otherwise might have been obscured by sub-optimal analysis.     

我国贸易条件下降的原因及对策分析

通过对我国1997-2004年贸易条件的计算及分析,发现近年来我国贸易条件有下降的趋势。我国贸易条件下降的原因同贸易条件恶化论所说的有所不同,主要与我国的贸易方式、出口市场过于集中以及加入世贸组织后我国关税的大幅度下降有关,在分析这些原因的基础上,给出了相应的对策建议。     

二氯丙烷（DCP）氨化合成丙二胺的开发和应用

本文综述了丙二胺和丙撑多胺的研究和应用。列举了国内外主要生产方法,讨论了下游产品的开发方向。认为萃取脱水为较佳工艺。     

The demand for risky assets under uncertain inflation : An examination of some widely used assumptions

This paper examines the effect of the following commonly used methods of incorporating random inflation into discrete-time models of the demand for risky assets: 1) the use of a multivariate normal probability distribution for nominal asset returns and the random inflation rate, and 2) the approximation of real asset returns by the difference between nominal returns and the rate of inflation. The combination of these assumptions results in a deceptively simple version of the inflationary capital asset pricing model (CAPM). However, in an approximation-free version of this model the expected value of real wealth does not exist. While it is obvious that mean-variance analysis is not applicable in such models, we also find that the model does not satisfy Ohlson's weakened conditions for a quadratic approximation to the portfolio selection problem. Furthermore, this model is neither a member of the generalized Pareto-Levy nor log-stable class of portfolio models analyzed by Fama, Samuelson, Ohlson, and Struck.     

A GOODWINIAN MODEL WITH DIRECT AND ROUNDABOUT RETURNS TO SCALE (AN APPLICATION TO ITALY)

This paper re‐formulates and tests statistically a hypothetical law (HL) of capital accumulation that manifests itself in three scenarios for Italian economy. HL refines Verdoorn law and ‘Ricardian’ relationship between employment and returns; it generalizes neoclassical and Goodwinian models. Big cycles are not sustainable in inertia Scenario I. Lowering direct diseconomy of scale does not alter a non‐trivial stationary state in stabilization Scenario II. Weakening an inverse relation between employment ratio and growth rate of capital intensity raises stationary relative labour compensation without deteriorating profitability in stabilization Scenario III. Stationary states with zero relative labour compensation are not economically relevant.