价格差异背景下制造商双渠道冲突与协调

双渠道运作已经成为互联网时代传统企业渠道变革的一大趋势,许多制造商在利用传统销售渠道销售产品的同时也通过网络直销模式进行产品销售,然而网络通路的引入也引发了双渠道间产品销售价格冲突问题。为此,以制造企业不同级别市场双渠道为视角,研究发现一级市场双渠道间价格差异小,渠道间冲突小,制造商的网络通路和传统销售渠道能和平共存;二三级市场渠道价格差异大,制造商和传统零售商利益相背离,彼此缺乏信任,信息出现断裂或失真,造成双渠道冲突。对此,制造商和传统零售商应秉承利益共享原则,积极探寻双方共同利益的契合点来协调双渠道冲突。     

双渠道环境下制造企业渠道冲突管理研究

网络渠道和电子商务的发展使很多制造企业不仅通过传统零售渠道分销产品,而且通过网络渠道直接向消费者销售产品.双渠道策略的实施使其获得了很多潜在收益,但同时也引发了企业内部基于管理不同分销渠道模式的渠道冲突.本文通过介绍制造企业渠道冲突产生.的过程,分析渠道冲突产生的原因,针对性提出制造企业在营销组合的价格、分销、促销和产品方面的管理对策.     

双渠道供应链环境下企业创新投入研究

电子商务环境下渠道冲突与和谐并存问题受到越来越多关注,利用Stackelberg博弈,在价格竞争与价格敏感需求条件下,构建零售商以创新投入降低其分销成本、制造商对其创新投入实施策略性补偿激励的双渠道供应链模型,研究发现策略性创新激励补偿能实现制造商与零售商收益的Pareto改进、实现消费者福利改进。     

制造商统一定价下的双渠道供应链服务决策

双渠道供应链由零售商控制的线下零售渠道和制造商控制的线上销售渠道构成,产品的销售价格由处于强势地位的制造商确定,制造商和零售商分别以自身利益最大化为目标进行独立决策并实施服务差异化策略。在集中式双渠道供应链中,如果制造商采用线上线下不同价的定价策略,消费者对渠道的偏好程度不会影响制造商的定价策略和服务策略。在分散式双渠道供应链中,渠道控制较强的制造商为避免线上线下同品不同价给企业带来的消极影响,制造商制定销售价格后,零售商的线下销售价格只能服从制造商的价格安排,但双方可从服务方面进行差异化经营,产品的销售价格、线上服务水平和线下服务水平将随着消费者对线上渠道接受程度的提高而提高。当市场上多数消费者接受网络购物时,制造商可以通过提高销售价格或提高线上服务水平的方式获得更高利润;当市场上消费者倾向于传统购物渠道时,制造商将会降低销售价格和线上服务水平,零售商也将调低线下服务水平。制造商确定的销售价格和批发价格对零售商服务水平的影响是相反的;线下服务水平将随着销售价格的提高而提高,随着批发价格的提高而降低。     

信息共享下双渠道制造商与零售商协调研究

随着internet的应用越来越广泛,许多制造商不仅使用传统的销售商渠道销售产品,而且通过网上直销的方式进行产品销售,双渠道增加了渠道之间的竞争。零售商为了在渠道竞争中获得优势,可以通过花费一定的成本增加零售产品价值。通过建立博弈模型分析强势制造商在对零售商信息完全、信息不完全情况下的定价策略,分析得出制造商获得零售商信息的价值,以及零售商愿意向制造商分享成本信息时的临界收益,旨在提出参考建议。     

网络环境下营销渠道冲突与管理研究综述

随着互联网的发展,很多传统制造商开设了网络营销渠道,然而,他们在享受双渠道策略实惠的同时,也遭遇着前所未有的渠道冲突问题。因此,制造商必须妥善地处理好渠道冲突问题,否则将使他们及零售商的利益受损。文章梳理了网络环境下渠道冲突的相关研究,并探讨了未来的研究方向。     

供应链双渠道冲突与协调问题研究——基于电子商务下

随着电子商务的快速发展及消费观念的转变,更多传统制造企业在通过传统分销的同时开辟电子渠道直接向终端消费者销售产品,显然,这降低了制造商的交易成本,但也直接导致了传统零售商的利润减少,引起渠道冲突。为此,提出采用产品差异化战略、均衡电子渠道与传统渠道的利益、价格适应策略、电子渠道依托传统渠道网点提供售后服务等对策,协调双渠道的发展,维护二者的共同利益。     

在线销售引起的渠道冲突管理策略探析

在线销售给制造商带来效益的同时,也给制造商带来渠道冲突。对利益和顾客的争夺是渠道冲突的根本,渠道冲突就像一把"双刃剑",既有良性冲突又有恶性冲突,对恶性冲突如不进行有效管理就会对制造商造成不良后果。在线销售因其优势又吸引着制造商开拓网上销售渠道,这就使得网上渠道和传统渠道共存于渠道体系中。在这种状况下,如何管理网上渠道和传统渠道之间的冲突就成为本文的研究内容。     

品牌权益影响下的双渠道供应链定价决策及协调研究

针对一个制造商开通直销渠道销售产品与零售商的价格竞争问题,文章基于制造商与零售商共享品牌权益的视角,研究在制造商双渠道供应链结构中,价格和品牌权益同时作用下的双渠道供应链定价决策,分别分析在集中决策下和分散决策下,品牌权益对两种渠道价格和利润的影响。研究发现：在集中决策下,两种渠道的价格、利润与品牌权益成正相关;在分散决策下,当品牌权益超过一定临界值时,其对制造商直销渠道的价格和制造商总利润的影响大于零售商。鉴于品牌权益对供应链定价决策的重要影响,文章建立制造商和零售商之间的品牌权益成本共担机制,并通过数值仿真分析发现,当实施品牌权益成本共担机制时,制造商和零售商的销售价格和利润均是最优的。因此,零售商应加强与制造商的互动,共同创造高品牌权益的同时,也应共同分享高品牌权益。     

供应链双渠道中基于信息的搭便车行为研究

随着电子商务的发展、网络渠道的引入,双渠道的应用已经成为企业扩大市场占有率、提高收益的重要策略。但由于网络的发展、供应链成员及消费者行为、技术的局限性等因素的影响,导致了供应链双渠道中基于信息的搭便车行为的产生。该行为在带来积极影响的同时也产生了极为不利的渠道冲突。为有效的降低渠道冲突,制造商、零售商可采用产品差异化经营方法进行市场划分和渠道整合,并实行定价策略,以有效缓解信息的搭便车行为,促进整个供应链的健康有序发展。     

制造商渠道多元化与跨渠道冲突：企业规模和跨渠道整合的调节作用

互联网技术和电子商务的发展为企业采用多渠道销售产品提供了有力的支持。采用不同类型的渠道销售产品成为企业塑造竞争力的重要途径，但同时也对企业对多渠道进行管理带来了挑战。文章基于多渠道相关研究，探讨企业渠道多元化对跨渠道冲突的影响，以及企业规模、跨渠道整合对上述关系的调节效应。以185家制造企业为对象，通过问卷调查收集数据，运用多元层次回归对研究假设进行检验。研究结果表明，企业的渠道多元化会激化跨渠道冲突；企业规模正向调节渠道多元化与跨渠道冲突之间的关系；跨渠道整合负向调节渠道多元化与跨渠道冲突之间的关系。     

Predicting Internet banking adoption in India: a perceived risk perspective

The emergence of Internet banking has transformed the banking systems across the globe. As a channel to market, Internet banking allows geographical constraints to be overcome by offering various products and services at lower customer costs. An understanding of the factors influencing customer adoption of Internet banking is both relevant and timely. This study integrates technology acceptance model and perceived risk theory in understanding Internet banking acceptance among Indian bank account holders. Specifically, this study categorizes perceived risk as external risk and internal risk, and examines its influence on customer beliefs and adoption of Internet banking. Using two-step predictive analytics of structural equation modeling and artificial neural network analysis, the 270 responses reveal that both external risk and internal risk inhibit customer acceptance of Internet banking. More importantly, neural network analysis reveals that perceived ease of use and external risk are two important factors determining how well Internet banking is accepted by customers. The implications of the study findings and future research directions are presented.     

Managing International Distribution Channel Partners: A Cross-Cultural Approach

Although the topic of conflict has been extensively studied in the distribution channels literature from a domestic perspective, there is relatively little published research examining the construct within the international distribution channels context. This is of particular concern because cross-national channel partnerships are on the rise, and divergent cultures may engender heightened conflict, which has a deleterious effect on channel performance. This article explores the extent to which different channel leadership styles, predicated on Hofstede's dimensions of national culture, can be effective strategies to manage conflict in international distribution channels. Specifically, the article examines whether the relationship between leadership style and conflict in international distribution channels is moderated by national culture. Additionally, the impact of manifest conflict on international channel partner performance is investigated. A conceptual model and research propositions are developed. The use of leadership styles to manage disagreements among international channel partners is argued to be culturally specific. International channel management implications and directions for future research are suggested.     

企业社会资本对营销渠道策略的影响

社会资本对企业的经营能力和经济效益有直接的提升作用,本文利用社会资本理论与渠道理论,建立了企业社会资本对渠道策略的影响模式,从企业社会资本的结构维度、关系维度和认知维度,研究其对渠道设计、渠道冲突解决和渠道绩效管理的影响,在分析这些影响的基础上提出从网络结构、共同信仰等方面拓展渠道,优化分销网络;利用信任、规范机制、制度与信仰等解决渠道冲突;利用信任、合作、互惠规范、外部相关关联的网络,改善市场绩效的对策。     

Do channel members value the multiple-cooperation strategy?

When the manufacturer distributes his products through online and traditional channels, what type of innovative marketing strategy can be utilized to solve the channel conflict and improve the performances of all channel members? Our research addresses this important question by initiating a triple cooperative strategy for channel members to employ in a manufacturer – retailer dual-channel supply chain. Our results show that when the product is less compatible with online channel than with traditional channel, channel members can utilize a triple cooperative strategy to improve channel coordination and their individual performances effectively and efficiently. First, the manufacturer can utilize supportive retail sales effort as a valuable coordination mechanism to improve the performances of all channel members in the dual-channel distribution. Second, a channel coordinative price strategy can be utilized to further improve the performance of whole channel. Finally, a profit sharing mechanism is needed to create a Pareto result for both the manufacturer and the retailer. Furthermore, we extend our model to study the value of triple cooperative strategy in a manufacturer – two competitive retailers supply chain and derive the optimum marketing strategy.     

Expanding to direct channel: Market coverages as entry barrier

A direct marketer can be either a manufacturer selling directly to the final consumers or a retailer that sells an assortment of products from multiple manufacturers. From a manufacturer's point of view, expanding to an online direct channel seems very attractive because intermediaries can be bypassed in reaching final consumers, while the Internet has substantially lowered the entry barrier. With the rapid diffusion of electronic commerce, numerous manufacturers have been considering a direct online channel as an alternative or a supplement to existing retailer channels. However, we observe in the real market that not many manufacturers are fully engaged in online retailing. One major factor frequently mentioned is the conflict with existing dealers who will not be pleased with a manufacturer's attempt to cannibalize their sales. This paper attempts to provide another explanation by comparing theoretical market coverage of manufacturers in a direct channel and a channel with intermediaries. We show that the direct channel can support fewer firms than the traditional retailer channel does, which becomes an effective entry barrier to latecomers. In equilibrium, the products are positively but finitely differentiated in their qualities, and the top two quality tiers would capture more than 75% of the direct channel's market potential (i.e., the “finiteness property”). Thus latecomers would find it difficult to gain a substantial market share against the existing pioneers in the competitive direct market unless they can find other meaningful ways to differentiate horizontally. The sales data of the online retail industry supports our finding.     

Consumer product search and purchase behaviour using various retail channels: the role of perceived retail usefulness

The purpose of this study was to examine the influences of consumers' perceptions of retail usefulness for product information search and their previous purchase satisfaction on their frequencies of product information search and product purchase behaviours for apparel products. These relationships were investigated in five retail settings – Internet shopping, catalogue shopping, television shopping, local retail shopping, and non‐local retail shopping. One hundred seventy‐six students in a US Midwestern university provided usable responses. The results of causal model analyses showed that the proposed model fits the data well for all five retail channels. Consumers who perceived a certain retail channel more useful for product information search searched for product information more frequently via that retail channel, and purchased products more often via that retail channel. Consumers who were more satisfied with apparel purchases from a retail channel purchased the products more frequently via that retail channel. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.     

重庆房地产企业营销沟通渠道研究

本文通过研究目前重庆房地产企业营销沟通的现状,深入了解到目前房地产企业在营销沟通渠道中存在的问题,并针对这一问题,有针对性地提出了新型的营销沟通渠道模型。同时,作者还分析了该模型的特点和功能。这一新型的营销沟通渠道模型从消费者需求的角度出发,从外而内地开展营销工作。站在消费者角度去展开营销,从而实现企业与消费者双赢的局面。     

Understanding Hybrid Channel Conflict: A Conceptual Model and Propositions for Research

ABSTRACT

The use of several distinct channel types by suppliers to serve a given product-market is rapidly becoming the dominant design. Such increasingly complex distribution systems present unique opportunities and problems for marketers, including how to most effectively manage the intrafirm, interchannel conflict resulting from channel coalitions competing with one another for resources, both internal (expenditures, personnel) and external (customers). Moreover, it is unclear whether conflict in a hybrid distribution system is “good” or “bad” for the supplier firm. We develop a theoretically-grounded conceptual model of the antecedents and consequences of hybrid channel conflict and offer several empirically testable research propositions, including a contingency framework for determining the functionality of hybrid channel conflict. Perhaps most important in terms of contribution to the marketing literature are the conceptualization of hybrid channel conflict itself and the associated definitions which we present in this paper.