论我国临时仲裁制度之建构

现行机构仲裁浓重的行政色彩偏离仲裁机构本身之属性,其设立和管理上的行政色彩不利于我国仲裁事业在国际上的竞争。而作为另一种仲裁形式的临时仲裁被现行法排斥,这种立法模式使得我国与外国在承认和执行仲裁裁决时不对等。基于改善投资环境、发展对外经济贸易、完善仲裁制度、保护当事人利益、解决仲裁形式单一化的需要,我国亟需建构临时仲裁制度。建构临时仲裁制度应该在思想观念上转变且体现仲裁的非国内化;重新定义仲裁协议规范;确立临时仲裁员制度并适时建立仲裁协会;承认现有社会团体组织之临时仲裁权。以上尝试可在仲裁机构必要协助下完成。     

中国(上海)自由贸易试验区仲裁规则评述

法学理论的发展,催生了仲裁实务的新潮流。《上海国际经济贸易仲裁委员会(上海国际仲裁中心)中国(上海)自由贸易试验区仲裁规则》的出现,对于临时措施、合并仲裁、开放名册、仲裁调解、友好仲裁等仲裁制度做了大胆和有益的实践。本文将结合仲裁理论研究,对于以上创新制度在自贸区仲裁规则中的尝试进行分析,探求中国仲裁制度发展的新思路。     

临时仲裁在我国金融仲裁机制中的引入分析

我国临时仲裁机制的缺失带来了种种弊端,作为完善路径的选择,我国可以采用"试点方式"逐步将临时仲裁机制引入仲裁体系。当前金融仲裁方兴未艾,金融纠纷解决的特性及其对临时仲裁的需求,使得金融仲裁成为进行临时仲裁"试点"工作的适当领域。在具体制度构建方面,可从临时金融仲裁的法律地位与基本原则、仲裁协议内容与效力、仲裁员选任与监督、与仲裁机构的支持及法院对临时金融仲裁的监督等方面进行。     

尽快设立紧急仲裁员制度的几点思考

紧急仲裁员是国际商事仲裁中新近出现的一种制度安排,是指仲裁一方当事人可以不需要等待仲裁庭组成,通过向仲裁机构递交申请,由仲裁机构任命紧急仲裁员来作出是否采取临时措施决定的一种紧急程序.国际商会仲裁院、斯德哥尔摩商会仲裁院、新加坡国际仲裁中心等国际知名仲裁院均采用这种制度安排.结合我国的仲裁立法情况,对紧急仲裁员制度在我国适用性问题进行分析,提出建立与完善我国紧急仲裁员制度的对策建议.     

在我国建立临时仲裁可能面临的问题

本文以"任何制度都应立足与本国的国情,立足于影响仲裁发展的经济、文化、政治、历史等各种因素"为角度,分析目前临时仲裁制度在我国建立可能面临的问题.     

国际投资仲裁中的临时措施研究——兼论“一带一路”背景下的中国对策

非ICSID仲裁中的临时措施受国内法约束,而ICSID仲裁中的临时措施不适用于国内法。国际投资仲裁实践形成了仲裁庭发布措施的若干条件。ICSID仲裁中的临时措施原则上排除国内法院的介入,在非ICSID仲裁中国内法院能否协助发布或执行临时措施取决于法院地法。东道国主权地位对国际投资仲裁临时措施可能会产生一定影响。在"一带一路"背景下,关于国际投资仲裁中的临时措施我国应当采取多方面的对策。     

我国自贸试验区临时仲裁制度建构的困境及其突破

《最高人民法院关于为自由贸易试验区建设提供司法保障意见》与《横琴自由贸易试验区临时仲裁规则》的施行有重要的现实意义，意味着临时仲裁制度开始在我国自贸试验区得到落实。当前我国临时仲裁制度面临以下困境：仲裁协议的“三个特定”构成要件规定不明确，适用主体范围具有局限性；临时仲裁裁决和机构裁决之间尚未形成一套完善的衔接体系，仲裁庭的自主权也容易受到司法的过度干预。这些困境背后的主要原因在于：其一，历史原因导致我国临时仲裁的观念落后，进而带来立法上的滞后；其二，由于未找到临时仲裁与机构仲裁相应的制度定位而引发相互竞争和排斥。为了突破困境，首先，通过渐进修法和释法确立临时仲裁在我国法律体系中的地位，确立其合法性基础；其次，完善临时仲裁制度的具体规则，主要应明确“三个特定”构成要件的具体要求，明确仲裁庭的法定权限，保障仲裁庭的自主性；最后，推动临时仲裁和机构仲裁的有机结合和错位发展，确保临时仲裁制度在施行中可以充分彰显其制度特色。     

临时仲裁的价值及其构建模式初探

临时仲裁是19世纪中叶机构仲裁出现以前惟一的国际商事仲裁形式.我国加入WTO已多年,但我国现行的仲裁法仍没有承认临时仲裁.文章指出,临时仲裁有自由、人权等法理学价值和培养公民权利意识、快速解决法律纠纷等现实价值,并提出了我国临时仲裁的构建模式.     

建立临时仲裁制度与招商引资——和谐世界中法的和谐

我国现行仲裁法不承认临时仲裁,已使我国投资软环境受到影响。成为我国招商引资的一个制约因素。因此,建立临时仲裁制度意义重大。     

海南自由贸易港建设临时仲裁机制的缺位问题研究

临时仲裁制度相对于机构仲裁制度来说,能够最大程度地尊重当事人的意思自治,解决新型商业纠纷。海南自由贸易港建设致力于打造全球开放水平最高形态,亟需创新商事纠纷解决机制为其提供良好的法治保障,因而引入临时仲裁恰逢其时。在具体制度构建方面,应当明确临时仲裁与机构仲裁的关系,修改现行立法,明确临时仲裁协议的基本要件,并健全临时仲裁监督机制,以确保临时仲裁裁决的承认与执行。     

纳米技术在聚烯烃中的研究进展

综述了聚烯烃纳米复合材料的优点、使用价值和近年来国内外聚烯烃纳米复合材料的研究进展，并介绍了无机粒子／聚烯烃复合材料和粘土／聚烯烃复合材料，重点阐述了粘土与聚乙烯、聚丙烯纳米复合材料的制备方法及粘土／聚烯烃纳米复合材料插层热力学分析，对目前聚烯烃纳米复合材料存在问题及发展前景进行了探讨。     

Developments in Consumer Protection in India

This paper surveys the major developments in the field of consumer protection in India since 1984, when the statutory provisions for regulating unfair trade practices were incorporated for the first time.Among the developments described in the paper is the strengthening of provisions for consumer protection through amendments to the Act regulating restrictive and monopolistic trade practices (the MTRP Act). Public-sector undertakings and co-operative societies have been brought within the purview of the Act, and consumers have obtained the right to participate in inquiry proceedings before the MRTP Commission.Consumers and their associations have been given the right to seek redress of grievances arising out of the violation of certain pieces of legislation, including the Drugs and Cosmetics Act. The Consumer Protection Act, 1986, was enacted in order to provide speedy and inexpensive redress of consumers' grievances. Redress can now be sought before any consumer court also for negligence or deficiency in medical services.The Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986, has strengthened the measures for the standardisation and quality control of manufactured goods.A Consumer Welfare Fund has been set up to provide financial assistance to voluntary consumer organisations and for the general development of consumer movement in the country. A spurt in voluntary consumer organisations in different parts of the country can also be observed.Other developments include the establishment of a separate Department of Consumer Affairs in the Union Government and the setting up of a Consumer Product Testing Laboratory.     

关于我国资产证券化若干问题的探讨

资产证券化是一项复杂的金融工具创新,引进和实施这种新型的融资工具需要大量的配套工作。我国实施资产证券化需要解决特设机构的设立、基础资产的选择、破产隔离、信用增级、会计处理、税收政策以及立法和监管等方面的问题。     

Healthy Investments in Investing in Health

This article discusses socially responsible investing (SRI) and tobacco. SRI allows investors, both institutional and individual, to express their concerns and make their social and ethical stands known to the companies they invest in and patronize. The tobacco industry is active in every country on the globe and generates huge profits, while tobacco use is responsible for 4 million deaths every year.The authors explore past and current views on investment in tobacco, partly based on a survey conducted by the Tobacco Free Initiative of the World Health Organization (WHO). There is clearly a trend toward divestment from tobacco for both ethical and financial reasons. Tobacco-free investments can be both ethically sound and financially profitable.     

Economic Keywords in 2007 in China

RMB exchange rate The exchange rate of Renminbi,the Chinese currency, witnessed an appreciation of around six percent to one U.S. dollar this year. On December 13, the central parity rate stood at RMB 7.3568 against one dollar,according to the Chinese Foreign Exchange Trading System, breaking the 7.36 mark.     

Conflict in Supplier–Retailer Relationships in the Brewery Industry in Cameroon

The authors develop a theoretical framework to explain conflict in supplier–retailer relationships. In addition to traditional influence strategy variables, the framework links conflict to retailer dependence and supplier formalization. The framework is empirically tested in the Cameroonian brewery industry. The findings support the view that channel conflict is inversely related to retailer dependence and supplier formalization. Contrary to expectations, the use of noncoercive influence strategies (information exchange and recommendations) has no significant effect on conflict, while, as expected, the use of coercive influence strategies (threats and promises) increases conflict.     

粤北山区砖园仓储粮机械通风应用研究

在砖园仓机械通风应用试验中,正确运用理论计算,精确得出通风技术数据,依此设计通风系统,结果表明：在实仓运行中,检测的主要技术参数和设计值基本相符,经136h通风,粮温从38℃降至13℃,吨粮降温耗电0.011℃,降温好、电耗低,证明设计方法正确,符合南方稻谷产区,解决了基层普遍存在的砖园仓机械通风盲目设计问题,为规范设计作出了示范,验证了粮层压力正确计算方法。     

Willingness-to-engage in technology transfer in industry-university collaborations

Formal collaboration between universities and industries is a recent phenomenon. Currently the role of an industry-university collaboration (IUC) is to close the gap between industry and academia. This study aims to analyze the willingness to engage in technology transfer (TT) in IUCs from the three vantage points of the technology transferor (university), the technology transferee (industry), and the TT intermediary institute. This study mainly observes the pairwise relationships between influencing variables and sub-variables and willingness to participate in TT in an IUC. From the vantage point of universities, this study shows that the “transferor's incentive” and “capability of transferor” variables positively influence willingness to participate in TT in an IUC. From the vantage point of industry, the results indicate that “capability of transferee” and “incentive for establishing technological resources” have major influences on willingness to participate in TT in an IUC. From the vantage point of TT intermediary institutes, the results show that “intermediary's fundamental resources” and “intermediary's transferring process” have a positive impact on willingness to participate in TT in an IUC.     

Injuries in different socio-economic groups in Finland

Introduction. Suicides are a hidden and unrecognized epidemic in the Indian region, affecting predominantly younger age groups. Information on causative risk factors and mechanisms is not available in the country, which is crucial for designing intervention programmes.

Objectives. To identify and quantify risk factors for completed suicides in the city of Bangalore.

Methods. A case–control study was conducted with the families of 269 completed suicides and 269 living controls within the broader population of the city using psychological autopsy methods.

Results. The study has shown that several factors in the areas of family, marriage, education, occupation, general health, mental health and absence of protective factors contribute significantly for suicides. The cumulative and repetitive interaction of several factors in a complex manner results in suicides. The significant factors were presence of previous suicidal attempt in self (odds ratio (OR) = 42.62), interpersonal conflicts and marital disharmony with spouse (OR = 27.98), alcoholism in self (OR = 23.38), presence of a mental illness (OR = 11.07), sudden economic bankruptcy (OR = 7.1), domestic violence (OR = 6.82) and unemployment (OR = 6.15). Individuals completing suicides did not have a positive outlook towards life, problem-solving approaches and coping skills.

Conclusion. The observed findings are at variance with suicidal causation in the West in some areas operating in a different sociocultural and economic environment. The intervention strategies should include prioritized macro and micro level efforts aimed at individual, family and society.