知识产权保护强度与中国的高新技术产品进口

本文利用1996~2010年中国与105个贸易伙伴国的双边数据、世界106个贸易国之间的双边大样本数据,基于高新技术产品整体进口、9类高新技术产品进口的视角,实证分析了国内专利保护强度对中国高新技术产品进口的影响。研究结果发现,从整体上来看,中国国内专利保护程度的提升会增加高新技术产品的进口,但是这种效应对于从专利保护指数较低国家、发展中国家的进口更明显;中国国内专利保护强度提升对高新技术产品进口的促进效应高于世界平均水平;中国专利保护强度提升会显著提高进口产品广度和进口产品数量;中国国内产权保护程度提升对中国从发达国家进口航空器材、电子通信设备、医药制品、科学设备、电力机械、化学材料、武器与军用设备的促进作用是显著的正效应。本文使用工具变量对内生性问题进行了处理,稳定性检验也表明回归结果是稳健的。     

一家民营高科技企业的“喜”与“忧”——记上海金马高强紧固件有限公司

高新技术产品研发成功后如何第一时间进入市场?面对庞大的市场需求,小企业如何与之对接?知识产权保护及政府产业政策导向如何获得支持?"不创新是等死,创新就是找死。"这话虽是戏言却无奈又悲哀地喊出了不少民营科技小企业的矛盾所在。对此,他们迫切希望各方能在市场推广中"添把柴"。     

论反不正当竞争法对知识产权的保护

随着科技、社会的进步,如何科学、合理、有效地保护知识产权已经成为十分重要的国际问题之一.各国及有关的国际组织在不断完善和加强知识产权法保护的同时,反不正当竞争法作为一种十分有效而灵活的法律工具在知识产权领域日受重视.中国改革开放20年来,对知识产权的保护以特有的"中国特色"取得了举世瞩目的成就,为世界所公认,这也是我们引以为荣的.在中国入世前,三部主要的知识产权单行法均已修订完毕,但目前知识产权的保护仍不尽人意,特别是反不正当竞争法对知识产权的附加保护,还有待完善.可以预见,在知识经济条件下,围绕知识产品的占有和使用的竞争将会越来越激烈,相应的不正当竞争活动也会越猖獗,因此,强化反不正当竞争法对知识产权保护已是当务之急.     

知识产权,风险投资新一轮目标

<正>“知识产权作为一种新型的风险投资方式,前景光明。”近日,在深圳举行的“2005中国风险投资论坛”上广东省知识产权局副局长、广东知识产权保护协会会长唐善新教授表示。中国高新技术产权转化率不足10% 目前,国内高新技术知识产权转化率还不到10%。科研单位的科研成果转化率也很低,真正实现产业化的科研成果在我国不足5%。这主要是由于国内在体制上、机制上都还不尽合理,尤其是存在着     

中美贸易关系再度紧张波特曼报告的影响有多大

<正>2月14日,美国贸易代表波特曼在华盛顿发布了“美中贸易关系报告”(USTR),警告中国如果不在诸如知识产权(IPR)保护等领域做出实际行动,将考虑向WTO对中国提起申诉。中美贸易关系又一次紧张起来。     

完善高新技术企业知识产权保护制度的探讨

在知识经济时代,知识产权成为市场的高级"准入证",谁拥有了知识产权,谁就有了市场的发言权,谁就可以获取最大化的利润.因而,强化高新技术企业自身知识产权保护的力度,制定适合自身发展的知识产权保护战略是高新技术企业的必然选择.     

医药产业应加强知识产权保护——江西江中制药集团知识产权保护实例

加入WTO后,对医药产业影响最大的应属与贸易有关的知识产权保护。随着当代高新技术及其产业迅猛发展,知识产权制度在国家经济、社会发展和科技进步中的战略地位进一步增强,成为国家技术创新体系的重要组成部分。它要求各类企事业单位在制度建设、知识产权的权利意识等方面发挥更为自觉的、积极的作用。在我国加入WTO的新形势下,这种作用显得尤为重要。制药行业属于知识密集型行业,如何将知识产权转化为现实的商业利益,首要问题是处理好知识产权产品的开发和经营,将被动应对转变为主动、积极、系统的行为。不断创新,获得知识产权并精心保护才能     

高新技术企业实施知识产权战略的智慧博弈

文章阐述了知识产权、知识产权战略和高新技术企业和高新技术产业之间的关系。呼吁在新形势下高新技术企业应重视实施知识产权战略,并提出了经营知识产权和保护知识产权的若干方法和策略。     

知识产权保护、FDI技术溢出与企业创新绩效

结合我国转型期的制度背景,基于中国2001—2011年的省际面板数据,运用面板门限回归模型,对FDI的技术溢出效应及不同知识产权保护水平在该效应中的影响进行检验。研究发现:知识产权保护对FDI的技术溢出存在显著的门限效应,随着我国知识产权保护力度的增强,FDI技术溢出对企业创新绩效的促进作用增大。另外,我国省际间的知识产权保护水平存在很大的差异。     

知识产权国际保护最大化趋势的反思与应对--基于发展权的角度

院近年来,部分发达国家力图通过多边协议确立知识产权国际保护的更高标准,然后逐渐影响和干预发展中国家的国内知识产权立法和执法,最终实现全球趋同化.然而,知识产权国际保护的水平与对社会发展的推动作用并不成正比,过高的知识产权保护水平不仅会阻碍创新,而且还会严重损害发展中国家的发展权.面对当前发达国家不断推动知识产权国际保护最大化的巨大压力,我国应当从国际、国内两个层面来应对.     

Fearlessly Swimming Upstream to Risky Waters: The Role of Geographic Entry in Innovation

We examine the puzzling geographic pattern that shows firms entering countries with weak intellectual property rights (IPR) protection with their research and development (R&D) activities. Geographic entry into weak IPR protection countries is at odds with conventional wisdom as such an environment erodes a firm's ability to appropriate from its innovations. We offer that while the well‐established practice of spreading out a firm's value chain activities across a region has important implications for value creation, what remains unaddressed is the value appropriation aspect of such activities. We introduce a multilevel theory and maintain that operating regionally through commercialization activities (downstream activities) provides complementary assets to the upstream activities – specifically R&D activities in a country within that region – with which focal firms can appropriate more from their innovations. We find that regional downstream commercialization activities can substitute for weak IPR regimes, thereby providing firms with an alternative mechanism for protecting their intellectual property in weak IPR countries.     

Effects of intellectual property rights and patented knowledge in innovation and industry value added: A multinational empirical analysis of different industries

Technological innovation drives long-term economic growth, so most countries attempt to provide an innovation-friendly environment that includes tightening protection of intellectual property rights (IPR). However, debate continues on whether strengthened IPR lead to technological development and economic growth: patents promote innovation by protecting appropriation from invention and disclosing knowledge to the public, but they also create excessive monopoly power that may impede further innovation.Using simultaneous equations with cross-country panel data from 12 countries and 3 industries (chemical, electronic, machinery), we estimated the direct effect of IPR on industry value added and the indirect effect of it through enhanced research and development (R&D). The bilateral role of IPR, as measured by patented knowledge, was used to distinguish different characteristics of industries as well as the positive and negative effects of IPR on innovation.Results suggest that IPR generally enhance industry value added, but the positive effect is mitigated with increased enforcement of IPR. Also, IPR enhanced R&D but showed a negative relationship with patented knowledge, suggesting that excessive propertization of knowledge may hinder sequential innovation. The positive role of IPR on R&D predominated in the chemical (discrete) industry and exerted negative effects in the electronic and machinery (complex) industries.     

传统医药企业的知识产权战略研究

传统医药的知识产权保护存在某些内在障碍。我国传统医药企业必须灵活运用专利、商标、地理标志、商业秘密等制度,及早实施综合性的知识产权战略,以有效维护自身的合法权益。     

The impact of intellectual property rights protection on trade: The role of a “third country” in market power and market expansion effects

This study analyzes the impact of increased protection of intellectual property rights (IPRs) in importing countries on the inventing countries’ exports in the presence of “third countries.” In this study, “third countries” include all countries that compete with the inventing countries in exporting similar products to the importing countries. The most significant contribution of this study is to develop an alternative empirical approach for analyzing the impact of IPRs on trade flows. This approach considers three players (the inventing/exporting country, the importing country, and “third countries”) and thus is tentatively called the “three-country model.” The findings confirm that our “three-country model” provides important insights into the impact of IPR protection on international trade, especially in the context of increasingly fierce competition in international trade. We found that the emergence of a third country restrains the market power effects and stimulates market expansion effects. Specifically, when a third country appears, the increased protection of IPRs in the importing countries encourages the inventing countries to increase their exports. However, the export elasticity of IPR protection is highest for primary products and lowest for technology-intensive and human capital–intensive products.     

WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT THE IMPACT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ON THE FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT LOCATION (COUNTRY) CHOICE? A REVIEW AND RESEARCH AGENDA

Despite a longstanding debate, at both a theoretical and empirical level, research on the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and intellectual property rights (IPRs) remains scant and ambiguous. As a result, the link between IPR strength and multinational enterprises’ (MNEs) propensity to invest is unproven and seemingly dependent on a number of factors. We critically review the theory and evidence of the influence of IPRs on FDI and MNEs’ investment location (country) decisions both to ‘take stock’ of existing knowledge of this relationship and, by identifying gaps in, and shortcomings of prior work, develop a fruitful research agenda. We find that existing empirical work on the IPR–FDI nexus, though skewed in favour of a positive relationship between IPR protection and FDI, is fragmented, inconclusive and unable to square the conflicting theoretical predictions on how the strength of IPRs can affect MNEs’ FDI location decisions. Several issues and challenges are highlighted to explain the difficulties of the collective body of past empirical work to provide a definite answer to the question of the impact of IPRs on FDI, from which valuable recommendations are proposed to guide future applied research.     

东莞市知识产权质押融资研究

本文介绍了东莞市知识产权质押融资做法及经验。研究了东莞市开展知识产权质押融资的制约因素:知识产权质押融资的质押物只包括专利权;参与商业银行数量不多,商业银行在操作环节创新性不强;企业对于知识产权等无形资产经营能力低;政府的经验不足等。提出了相关破解建议,如扩大商标权、版权等成为知识产权质押融资的质押物;挑选和增加相关的商业银行,商业银行在贷款审批环节中需要创新;企业需要长远规划,准确把握市场,提高对知识产权等无形资产的经营能力;政府可在市内设立试点区与试点企业以吸取经验等。希望本文对东莞市和国内其他地区知识产权质押融资的推行具有参考价值和借鉴意义。     

旅游企业的知识产权保护研究

本文通过对旅游企业知识产权的现状分析,总结了旅游业相关知识产权保护所依据的相关基础法律,在此基础上提出了关于旅游企业知识产权保护的几点思考,从而指出建立专门的旅游知识产权法律和法规对旅游企业知识产权保护的重要作用,这在时下的知识经济时代,具有非常重要的现实意义。     

我国专利产品平行进口问题研究

文章通过阐述专利产品平行进口相关理论和各国的立法和司法实践经验,结合我国目前允许平行进口的立法现状,分析了现阶段我国开放专利产品平行进口的必要性,提出"适当限制开放领域、建立海关专门监管部门和设立专门知识产权法院或知识产权庭"等配套措施来完善我国的专利产品平行进口,希望对加强对我国专利产品平行进口管理和更完善的政策的出台有所借鉴意义。     

浅谈加强计算机软件的知识产权保护

本文从计算机软件和知识产权的概念及特征出发,结合计算机软件知识产权保护的现状,提出加强计算机软件知识产权保护的几点意见。     

Intellectual property rights in innovation management research: A review

The issue of intellectual property rights (IPRs) is assuming increasing importance, especially for innovative firms seeking international growth. This leads to an increasing need for IPR research. Nevertheless, so far it is not known how well the current research answers to this emerging need. Hence, this study finds out how IPR research has evolved in the literature on innovation management and identifies the current trends. In order to do this we analysed articles published in the years 1970–2009 in the seven leading innovation management journals. We found 111 articles focusing on IPR issues for our systematic content analysis. The results indicate that IPRs are a fast-growing research field in innovation management, but there is a need to develop coherent constructs and conceptual frameworks that would strengthen the theoretical basis of the research. Most of the studies emphasise patents, rely on secondary data, and focus on North American and European contexts. The article concludes with suggestions for future research.