浅析设计-施工总承包模式过程集成思想的运用

设计-施工总承包模式的优势在工程项目的建设过程中越来越明,这种模式的基本出发点就是实现建设生产过程的组织集成化,促使设计与施工紧密结合,以达到为建设项目增值的目的.文章通过对工程项目过程集成思想的分析,指出了设计-施工总承包模式的优势,并对设计-施工总承包模式在集成管理中存在的问题及相应对策提出了初步见解.     

工程总承包EPC模式的风险防范

工程总承包是指企业受业主委托,按照合同约定对工程项目的勘察、设计、采购、施工、试运行(竣工验收)等实行全过程或若干阶段的承包.工程总承包企业对承包工程的质量、安全、工期、造价全面负责.设计+采购+施工的EPC模式是一种典型的工程总承包模式,包含了工程的所有环节,俗称"交钥匙工程"总承包模式,它是指工程总承包企业按照合同约定,承担工程项目的设计、采购、施工、试运行服务等工作,并对承包工程的质量、安全、工期、造价全面负责.     

论如何进一步控制工程总承包项目的财务风险

所谓工程总承包项目是指从事工程总承包的企业受业主委托，按合同约定对工程项目的勘察、设计、采购、施工、试运行（竣工验收）等实行全过程或若干阶段的总承包项目。在工程总承包模式下，通常由工程总承包商完成工程的主体设计，允许总承包商把局部或细部设计分包．甚至全部分包出去，或把建筑安装施工全部分包出去．即所有的设计、施工分包工作等对业主负责，并负责对工程项目进行进度、费用、质量、安全管理和控制．按合同约定完成工程。     

EPC工程总承包项目的风险成因与风险化解

一、EPC合同 所谓EPC合同,即设计-采购-施工合同,是一种包括设计、设备采购、施工、安装和调试,直至竣工移交的总承包模式.这种合同模式起源于20世纪60年代.传统承包模式中,材料与工程设备通常是由项目总承包单位采购,但业主可保留对部分重要工程设备和特殊材料的采购权.     

设计院独立承接或牵头的EPC工程总承包项目管理实践探析——以某公园建设项目为例

EPC工程总承包模式作为我国建筑行业不断摸索和推广的工程承包模式，已经逐渐得到市场的认可。以设计院为独立承接或牵头方的EPC项目，可以充分发挥设计在建设过程中的主导作用，更有利于实现设计、采购、施工的高度融合，加快工程进度、缩短建设周期。文章结合某公园设计-采购-施工（EPC）工程总承包项目的管理实践，对项目设计、质量、安全、造价等方面的管理重难点进行探讨，并提出了相应的管理策略。     

关于联合体EPC总承包项巨财务管理的探讨

EPC（Engineering-Procurement—Construction）模式代表了西方工程项目管理的主流，其主要内容是业主与总承包商签订工程总承包合同，即业主将建设工程发包给总承包单位，由总承包单位负责整个建设工程的设计、采购、施工，并对所承包的建设工程的质量、安全、工期、造价等全面负责，并最终能够向业主提供一个符合合同规定、满足使用功能、具备使用条件并经竣工验收合格的建设工程承包模式。     

关于联合体EPC总承包项巨财务管理的探讨

EPC（Engineering-Procurement—Construction）模式代表了西方工程项目管理的主流，其主要内容是业主与总承包商签订工程总承包合同，即业主将建设工程发包给总承包单位，由总承包单位负责整个建设工程的设计、采购、施工，并对所承包的建设工程的质量、安全、工期、造价等全面负责，并最终能够向业主提供一个符合合同规定、满足使用功能、具备使用条件并经竣工验收合格的建设工程承包模式。     

政府投资工程总承包项目设计优化认定与收益归属研究

工程总承包模式以设计与施工的高度融合,日益在建筑业受到青睐。但由于政府投资项目中存在有关结余资金上缴国库等规定,容易导致政府投资工程总承包项目下设计优化产生的成果是进行分成或作为结余资金上缴界定不清。鉴于此,本文通过政策文件,并结合政府投资项目特点,分析政府投资工程总承包项目设计优化的情形认定以及在不同结算依据和合同计价方式下设计优化收益归属的界定,为有效激励总承包单位积极进行设计优化奠定基础。     

EPC工程总承包模式设计管理前期控制探讨

近年来,EPC工程总承包模式凭借其突出优势,逐渐成为国内主流之一。而设计管理作为EPC工程总承包模式的重要组成部分,与工程进度、质量及成本有着密切的关系。文章以深圳某EPC项目的设计实践为例,就EPC工程总承包模式设计管理前期控制进行探讨,以期提升EPC工程总承包模式设计管理水平。     

EPC工程总承包商的合同管理探讨

EPC工程总承包集设计、采购、施工于一体,能有效的控制工程的质量、工期与投资。有效的合同管理管理是实现总承包项目建设目标的保障,文章着重分析了总承包项目中的合同管理,希望对工程总承包项目的合同管理实践具有一定的指导意义。     

D-B总承包模式在房地产开发中的应用研究

在目前房地产开发过程的特点及现行传统D—B—B承发包模式的基础上，研究了在房地产开发过程中应用D—B工程总承包。首先分析了采纳D—B工程总承包模式的内在动力，然后详细描述了房地产开发承发包采用D—B工程总承包的过程及其应用关键点：方案设计与地质勘探要达到一定的“深度”与准确性，最后探讨了房地产开发采用此种模式的优越性。     

我国建筑业全生命周期价值链的应用研究

长期以来,我国建筑业缺乏对全生命周期价值链管理的整体关注,价值链中各个环节相互脱节,没有共同的价值目标,导致了成本较高的现状。本文旨在通过对建筑业全生命周期价值链的分析,拓展我国建筑业成本管理的关注面。并通过工程总承包模式对现有价值链进行优化,把勘察、设计、施工归集在同一个主体下管理,提高用户对建筑产品的满意度,降低产品成本。     

A Modelof Competitive Limit Pricing

This paper offers a new theory of limit pricing. Incumbents from different markets or regions "compete" against one another, with each attempting to price in a manner that deflects entry into the others' markets. An entrant is imperfectly informed as to the incumbents' respective investments in cost reduction and seeks to enter markets in which incumbents have high costs. In a focal equilibrium, the entrant uses a simple "comparison strategy," in which it enters only the highest-priced markets, and incumbents engage in limit-pricing behavior. The influence on pricing of the number of markets and the scope of entry is also reported. Throughout, the central feature of the analysis is that an incumbent's price affects its investment incentives, with lower prices being complementary to greater investment.     

基于所有权成本模型的住房租售比理论及应用

根据我国许多城市住房租售比超过国际警戒线的事实,对传统租售比模型进行了评述,指出了其应用前提和不足之处。然后从住房所有权成本（业主成本）的角度研究房价与租金的关系,并构建了相应的数学模型。应用此模型,对我国住房租售比超过1：300的原因进行了综合分析,同时指出了未来的发展趋势和降低住房租售比可以采取的措施。     

Assessing inherent model bias: An application to native displacement in response to immigration

There is a long-standing debate among academics about the effect of immigration on native internal migration decisions. If immigrants displace natives this may indicate a direct cost of immigration in the form of decreased employment opportunity for native workers. Moreover, displacement would also imply that cross-region analyses of wage effects systematically underestimate the consequences of immigration. The widespread use of such area studies for the US and other countries makes it especially important to know whether a native internal response to immigration truly occurs. This paper introduces a microsimulation methodology to test for inherent bias in regression models that have been used in the literature. We show that some specifications have built biases into their models, thereby casting doubt on the validity of their results. We then provide a brief empirical analysis with a panel of observed US state-by-skill data. Together, our evidence argues against the existence of native displacement. This implies that cross-region analyses of immigration’s effect on wages are still informative.     

Fixed and Random Effects in Stochastic Frontier Models

Received stochastic frontier analyses with panel data have relied on traditional fixed and random effects models. We propose extensions that circumvent two shortcomings of these approaches. The conventional panel data estimators assume that technical or cost inefficiency is time invariant. Second, the fixed and random effects estimators force any time invariant cross unit heterogeneity into the same term that is being used to capture the inefficiency. Inefficiency measures in these models may be picking up heterogeneity in addition to or even instead of inefficiency. A fixed effects model is extended to the stochastic frontier model using results that specifically employ the nonlinear specification. The random effects model is reformulated as a special case of the random parameters model. The techniques are illustrated in applications to the U.S. banking industry and a cross country comparison of the efficiency of health care delivery.JEL classification: C1, C4     

Unemployment Insurance

The introduction of social insurance in Britain stemmed ultimately from Beveridge's and others' desire to abolish poverty. Beveridge failed to understand that social insurance is incompatible with private insurance markets, and especially unemployment insurance.     

Cross-shareholding network and corporate bond financing cost in China

This study examines the effect of cross-shareholding network centrality on the cost of corporate bond financing. Based on a sample of Chinese A-share listed firms that issued general corporate bonds from 2007 to 2018, we adopt a social network analysis method and use three indicators (Degree, Betweenness, and Eigenvector) and the principal factor (Composite) extracted from them to measure the firms’ centrality in the cross-shareholding network. We find that bondholders’ demand lowers bond yield spreads for firms with higher cross-shareholding network centrality. In further analyses, we explore the impact mechanisms using mediator models and find that such centrality promotes resource accessing, information disclosure, and corporate governance, thus decreasing corporate bond financing cost. In addition, we incorporate the moderate effect of geographical location and find that the relationship between cross-shareholding network centrality and corporate bond financing cost is more significant in firms located in remote places.     

赊销战略与债权资产结构趋减之谜

借助Tobit模型和Interval模型对我国非金融类上市公司1990年—2009年非平行面板数据进行双重实证分析后发现,省域经济景气、公司年龄、额外借贷成本、竞争优势、金融发展、法治秩序等都是影响上市公司赊销战略实施的稳健显著因素,而且除了竞争优势外,其他因素近20年来都促使债权资产结构朝着减少的趋势变化。此外,20年来上市公司赊销战略萎缩的同时赊购战略却呈扩张趋势,这可能源于上市公司低的合同执行技术和充足的流动性。     

Quantifying the economic cost of children: a note on intertemporal equivalence scales

Static economic models based on complete demand systems are inadequate for estimating unconditional equivalence scales; in order to capture the effects of demographic changes on consumer behaviour, a life-cycle dynamic model is taken into account. In literature, studies have presented and evaluated longitudinal equivalence scales and intertemporal cost of children but these cannot be applied in practice when equivalence scales are utilised in poverty or income distribution analyses. This paper proposes intratemporal equivalent income scales, which are within period index numbers incorporating intertemporal consumer behaviour.