分析国外全装修商品住宅的标准

日本的大众住宅分别制定了“住宅性能标准”、“住宅性能测定方法和住宅性能等级标准”以及“施工机具标准”、“设计方法标准”等。     

“质量管理原则”与质量文化理念的思考

1 前言 ISO9000族标准提出了质量管理的八项原则，其充分体现了管理科学的原则和思想，组织的管理者若要成功地领导和经营其组织。就应发挥其“领导作用”，采用“过程方法”和“管理的系统方法”，构筑和运作“以顾客为关注焦点”、“全员参与”的质量管理体系，实施“基于事实的决策方法”，使体系得以“持续改进”。达到“与供方互利的关系”，形成组织良好的运营态势；     

企业资本成本理论探讨

本文在厘定资本和成本概念的基础之上,将资本成本定义为特定企业筹集和使用资本应承担的机会成本。继而论述了资本成本的构成及其四个层次,以及它在现代企业财务理论中的重要地位;在探讨计量资本成本的“现代公式”、“MM方法”之后,作者认为“财务教科书方法”还是最有效的计量方法。本文运用新制度经济学的有关知识,将“加权平均资本成本”分拆为“债务成本”、“市场交易成本”、“所有权成本”等成本概念,开拓了现代企业财务理论的创新空间,增强了现代企业财务理论的解释力。     

“郎氏风波”之我见

郎氏风波”触动了整个中国经济学界,引起了“新左派”和“新自由主义”两大学术阵营的激烈争论。笔者在研究方法、“国退民进”、MBO等问题发表了阐述了自己的观点。     

讨薪要合法 切莫走极端

每到年终时，怎样讨回自己被拖欠的工资，成了农民工的心病。现实中，一些农民工往往采取“跳楼秀”、“抓老板”、“卖财产”等极端方法，却最终将自己“送进”了监狱。     

ISO9001:2000中"过程方法"的理解和实施

文章结合ISO9000:2000系列标准的要求,就“过程”及“过程方法”的概念、过程方法的含义、过程方法的实施要点进行了系统、详尽的阐述。     

应对突发事件的供应链“弱连接”关系管理

文章揭示了供应链中的“弱连接”供应关系,提出了三种“弱连接”供应链结构,分析了“弱连接”供应关系在供应链中的重要作用,即供应链中的“弱连接”强度,并基于此研究了构建并利用“弱连接”供应链结构应对突发事件的方法和供应链“弱连接”关系管理方法.     

ISO/TC 190"土壤质量"技术委员会近况

ISO“土壤质量”技术委员会(ISO／TC190)成立于1985年，其任务是研究制定土壤特性、物理参数、取样方法、评价指标及其评价方法标准。目前下设6个分技术委员会：SC1“指标评价、术语和法典编写”、SC2“取样”、SC3“化学方法和土壤特性”、SC4“生物方法”、SC5“物理方法”和SC7“土壤和现场评定”。ISO／TC190秘书处工作由荷兰承担，     

税收筹划方法中的几个误区

一个时期来．“税收筹划”在我们的经济生活中．成了一个关键词。报刊杂志上常刊出“税收筹划”标题的文章．书店里与“税收筹划”有关的书籍版本繁多．互联网上举办“税收筹划”培训的广告常年不断。可是在有的书籍、文章及培训课上．却把一些偷税的手段说成是可以“节税”的“税收筹划”方法。纳税人不一定学到真正的“税收筹划”技巧．反而埋下了走进税收筹划方法误区而遭受税务机关惩罚的隐患．本文归纳了五种常见的“税收筹划”方法的误区．目的是提醒纳税人千万别用这些方法去进行税收筹划．并且要明确税收筹划不违法的本质所在。     

交通"又好又快"发展诊断研究

从“又好又快”与“又快又好”关系、又好又快发展特征和发展要求三方面研究了区域交通“又好又快”发展的内涵；基于又好又快内涵分别从“好”的方面与“快”的方面提出了诊断指标体系；基于双层模糊综合评价研究了交通“又好又快”诊断方法与过程。以江苏省2006年综合交通状况为例对其“又快又好”所处状态进行诊断。文中对区域交通“又好又快”发展健康状态提供了一种诊断思路与方法。     

TEN THINGS WE SHOULD KNOW ABOUT TIME SERIES

Abstract Time series data affect many aspects of our lives. This paper highlights 10 things we should all know about time series, namely, a good working knowledge of econometrics and statistics, an awareness of measurement errors, testing for zero frequency, seasonal and periodic unit roots, analysing fractionally integrated and long memory processes, estimating VARFIMA models, using and interpreting cointegrating models carefully, choosing sensibly among univariate conditional, stochastic and realized volatility models, not confusing thresholds, asymmetry and leverage, not underestimating the complexity of multivariate volatility models, and thinking carefully about forecasting models and expertise.     

产品品种规格类标准的研制方法

本文分析了品种规格标准的属性、地位、建立、作用等特点,论述了品种规格标准的内容结构及其要素,划分了五种品种规格类标准的类型,分别阐述了每种标准的主要内容、表述方式和作用等,研究了品种规格的分类和命名关系,讨论了标准中优选原则的建立,论述了品种规格优选的方法,提供了标准中管理的典型内容,给出了标准应用指导的设计方法。     

火灾预防工作中的辩证思维

运用唯物辩证法,对火灾预防工作从正确认识“隐蔽性与显现性,必然性与可控性,突发性与渐发性,人为性与自然性,重复性与随意性,时效性与经常性,普遍性与特殊性,主体性与客体性,直接性与间接性,季节性与反季节性“之间的关系,进行了辨证思考与分析,并对正确处理好这些关系提出了相应对策.     

The Theory of Socially Embedded Games: The Mathematics of Social Relationships,Rule Complexes,and Action Modalities

In their classic work, Von Neumann and Morgensterndefined a game as simply the totality of the rules which describe it. Theydid not, however, elaborate a theory of rules. Such considerations lead toconceptualizing rules and rule configurations as mathematical objects, specifyingthe principles for combining rules, developing the theory of revising,replacing, and, in general transforming rules and rule complexes. Themathematics is based on contemporary developments at the interface ofmathematics, logic, and computer science. This article, drawing on themathematical theory of rules and rule complexes, extends and generalizes gametheory (GGT). The theory of rule complexes is used to conceptualize andanalyze diverse social relationships, roles, and games as particulartypes of rule complexes. A social role, for instance, is the major basisof an individual's action in a game. It consists of at least four majorcomponents – which are mathematical objects – in the determinationof action: value complex, model of reality (including beliefs and knowledgebases), a repertoire of acts, routines, programs, and strategies, and modalities,role-specific algorithms for determininig or generating action in gamesettings. The article focuses on three types of action modality routineor habitual, normative, andinstrumental modalities. The theory: (1) provides a cultural/institutionalbasis for a theory of gameswhere games, social relationships, and rolesare formalized in terms of rule complexes; (2) explains human action as a formof rule application or rule-following action, which underlies allmodalities of action; (3) formulates the theory that actors construct an action or make choices amongalternative actions by making comparisons and judging similarity (ordissimilarity) between an option or options considered and their norms and values,and, in general, determine whether or not, and to what degree, a value,norm, or goal will be realized or satisfied; (4)reconceptualizes ``game' as a social form and makes a distinction between open and closed games.     

Affinity networks as diversity instruments. Three sociological dilemmas

Are affinity networks, like women’s, LGBTQ+ and bicultural employee networks, really effective instruments for diversity management? These networks, also called identity networks, diversity networks or employee resource groups, are seen as important means to make organizations more inclusive and to provide spaces for professional development and social networking. However, they also strengthen exclusionary norms and power hierarchies. The identification of three sociological dilemmas shines light on the complexities and the ambiguous effects of identity networks. Through its discourse, activities and organizational structure, a network either supports individual career advancement – while strengthening existing inequalities – or promotes organizational change. Recognizing these dilemmas will help researchers, organizations, diversity practitioners, and affinity networks to make more informed and deliberate choices.     

施工总承包企业特级资质标准是与非

《施工总承包企业特级资质标准》即将实施,该标准突出了企业资质能力、人员素质和科技进步等方面的要求,对国内建筑企业发展起到引领战略转型和推动科技进步的积极作用。然而其科学性、规范性和标准性还有待商榷和探讨,其在营业税、年授信额度、财务负责人、注册一级建造师、甲级设计人才、科技等方面的要求存在缺陷。但不论该标准是与非,其实施体现了国家对建筑施工企业发展的新要求,指明了新方向,要求企业必须实现战略转型,在成本领先、差异化和专业化上下苦功,创造独特的、有利的企业经营管理模式,建立企业长期竞争优势,以获得持续发展的＂令牌＂。笔者就此进行深入思考并提出见解。     

浅析浅海区域油轮如何安全靠泊导管架、自升式平台

浅海区域油轮要安全靠泊导管架、自升式平台,首先要了解浅海水域、导管架、平台特点。其次要掌握导管架平台、油轮作业方式。第三油轮方面要做好充分准备,公司方面要加大监管、指导力度,加强船员培训。     

Do firm characteristics affect environmental sustainability? A literature review-based assessment

Combating environmental pollution and climate change mandates strong commitment and participation of all firms across sectors. However, the environmental conduct of firms is seen to vary as per their characteristics, especially their size, ownership, and age. Current understanding of these characteristics' influence on environmental sustainability is limited, fragmented, and scattered across the literature, which this study seeks to improve and contribute to. Based on a rigorous screening of the last 25 years' literature (1996–2020), the study develops a comprehensive understanding of firm characteristics' implications for environmental sustainability, namely, environmental practices implementation, environmental drivers, environmental barriers, and associated (environmental, cost/economic, operational, and organizational) performance implications. Several meaningful and generalizable trends, conflicts, and consensus, or lack thereof, are revealed. For instance, the extent of environmental practices' implementation can be seen to be greater at large firms' (vis-à-vis small ones) and at foreign firms' (vis-à-vis local ones), though not much difference is seen between old and new firms. Also, several metafactors such as resources availability, innovation propensity, and bureaucracy and organizational inertia are identified that explain the differential influence of firm characteristics on environmental sustainability and dispel erroneous stereotypes. Finally, gaps in the literature offering avenues for future research are highlighted along with implications for research, theory, and practice. Results are expected to help policymakers and practitioners develop policies/interventions that ensure all firms, irrespective of their characteristics contribute to environmental sustainability. A comprehensive review of this kind has not been previously undertaken and constitutes the novelty of this work.     

浅谈接触网软横跨工程施工技术优化与应用

本文主要通过接触网软横跨工程传统的施工技术的进行分析、试验、对比优化改进,通过测量、数据采集、计算、预制及安装调试等步骤分析、总结,创新和完善了软横跨施工技术。充分的证实了软横跨优化创新后的施工技术,在接触网工程施工过程中起到了一次到位良好的效果,缩短工期,避免了重复用工,提高了工效,在今后中国电气化铁路接触网新建、大修、扩建及改建工程中具有很强的推广意义。     

Intergovernmental Organisations and Economic Freedom: Wise Technocrats or Black Helicopters?

This article explores the relationship between country membership in major intergovernmental organisations and economic freedom. While it makes no claims to have found any broad theoretically bound, robust causal mechanism, baseline fixed effects models establish relationships amongst economic freedom and membership in the EU, NATO, WTO, UN, OECD, World Bank, and IMF. Though the results are not simple, the strongest findings are negative relationships with the UN, IMF, and WTO, and positive relationships with the World Bank and possibly the EU.