“构造地质学”实验教学中数字化技能的培养

构造地质学是地质学的主要分支学科,是地学类专业的基础课程。近些年来,计算机技术得到飞速发展,不断地在不同领域得到广泛应用,其结果不仅便捷了各领域内的研究,而且极大地提高了效率。因此,在实践性较强的构造地质学实验教学中,极有必要进行构造地质数字化操作技能的锻炼与培养,并不断探索和完善其模式。此举可以提升学生对构造地质学习的兴趣,提高构造地质学的教学质量,培育专业人才。     

关于《构造地质学》课程的教学现状与思考

构造地质学是石油院校资源勘查工程专业和地质学专业的一门主要的专业基础课。教学改革被视作为改善构造地质学教学效果、提高教学质量的重要方法之一。本文结合我校构造地质学的教学现状,将遇到的主要问题归结为四个方面:"学生对课程性质认识不清、教师的教学设计能力有待提高、书本知识与实际应用脱节、学校选择的教材较单一"。作者针对教学现状中的这些问题,为了提高构造地质学的教学质量提出了一些教学建议。     

构造地质学中“V”字型法则教学方法的探讨

构造地质学中"V"字型法则是地质类专业学生必须掌握的基本知识,是构造地质学教学过程中的重点和难点,探讨改革课堂教学方法,达到使学生深刻理解、正确掌握、灵活运用的教学效果是任课教师需要思考的。     

构造复杂区水害致灾因素探查及防治关键技术研究与应用

本文融合构造地质学、水文地质学、弹塑性力学、断裂力学等学科知识,采用理论分析、数值模拟、工程实践等综合研究方法,研究区内开采技术条件、水文地质条件、活化程度及突水危险性、突水路径、活化规律;综合理论分析计算、数值模拟,结合现有实际经验值,评价工作面安全开采可行性,确定煤柱尺寸,提出防治水方案及对策,为煤矿充分利用资源提供了有力的技术支撑,具有良好的推广应用前景。     

潍北凹陷主控测线构造样式特征研究

本论文以构造地质学为基础，以地震地质综合解释为指导，结合潍北地区长期的研究实践，应用目前先进的地震解释和综合分析技术，针对潍北凹陷的构造及其发育进行系统的分析与研究，在大量地震资料解释与构造成图的基础上，通过构造解析等基础工作，证实潍北盆地是一个典型的走滑伸展盆地。采用先进的平衡剖面等技术，对探讨潍北凹陷构造特征、沉积规律和成藏规律，发现有利目标，对该区的资源勘探开发有重要的指导意义。     

滇东南麻栗坡县洒西祖母绿矿床控矿特征

洒西祖母绿矿床位于滇东南褶皱系上,为了对其找矿远景提供帮助,本文利用构造地质学方法研究矿床的控矿特征。认识到洒西岩组变粒岩是祖母绿矿床赋存的重要空间。三种空间形态的祖母绿脉体至少经历两期成矿事件,第一期祖母绿脉体形成过程:早期已存在的顺层剪节理,受推覆构造影响打开成张裂隙,经热液填充形成伟晶岩脉;第二期祖母绿脉体是受后期岩浆作用蚀变而成。     

文西断裂带油气成藏模式及富集分布规律研究

针对文西断裂带的地质特点,以层序地层学、构造地质学、沉积学、石油地质学等理论为指导,以文西断裂带已发现的油气藏的解剖为基础,通过构造研究总结了研究区的断层封堵模式;通过层序地层分析,将沙二下亚段划分为三个中期沉积旋回,并进一步划分为8个短期沉积旋回,对沙三段也做了一些研究;根据沉积相分析,认为该区沙二下为洪水-漫湖亚相沉积,沙三上-沙三中为三角洲前缘亚相和前三角洲亚相沉积。在以上研究的基础上,分析不同类型油气藏成藏条件,建立了异地运聚、区内运聚、自生自储三种油气成藏模式。分析构造位置、断层封堵等油气分布主控因素,总结油气富集分布规律:含油层系多,平面上断块对油气分布影响很大;断裂带的构造位置造成了油气富集程度高;构造高部位有利于油气聚集;文西断层系弧形展布的内侧有利于油气富集。     

浅谈煤矿地质与煤矿安全

煤矿地质学是地质学的分支,是专门研究煤、煤层和含煤岩系的地质特征及成因、分布规律的科学。煤矿安全是研究煤矿安全生产的学科,内容包括煤矿五大自然灾害防治。文章对煤矿地质与煤矿安全进行了探讨。     

西北某地煤田煤的煤岩和微量元素特征对比

我国目前的地质学研究理论主要是以华北地区的煤田资源为重点研究对象,未能足够重视对于西北地区的煤炭资源的研究。为了能够更好地开发与利用西北地区丰富优质的煤炭资源,为了丰富我国地质学理论,必须重视西北地区煤炭资源的研究。为此,文章重点选取西北地区的两个矿区,详细阐述西北地区煤田煤的煤岩和微量元素特征对比,以期更好地开发与利用西北地区的煤炭资源。     

大地构造对煤勘探、预测的影响

煤的成矿作用受大地构造的严格控制,文章结合大地构造学与煤地质学中的理论,以便更好的指导煤的勘探与预测。     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

Multinomial distributions applied to random sampling of particulate materials

When sampling a batch consisting of particulate material, the distribution of a sample estimator can be characterized using knowledge about the sample drawing process. With Bernoulli sampling, the number of particles in the sample is binomially distributed. Because this is rarely realized in practice, we propose a sampling design in which the possible samples have a nearly equal mass. Expected values and variances of the sample estimator are calculated. It is shown that the sample estimator becomes identical to the Horvitz–Thompson estimator in the case of a large batch-to-sample mass ratio and a large sample mass. Simulations and experiments were performed to test the theory. Simulations confirm that the round-off error due to the discrete nature of particles is negligible for large sample sizes. Sampling experiments were carried out with a mixture of PolyPropylene (PP) and PolyTetraFluorEthylene (PTFE) spheres suspended in a viscous medium. The measured and theoretical variations are in good agreement.     

The Early History of the Cumulants and the Gram-Charlier Series

The early history of the Gram-Charlier series is discussed from three points of view: (1) a generalization of Laplace's central limit theorem, (2) a least squares approximation to a continuous function by means of Chebyshev-Hermite polynomials, (3) a generalization of Gauss's normal distribution to a system of skew distributions. Thiele defined the cumulants in terms of the moments, first by a recursion formula and later by an expansion of the logarithm of the moment generating function. He devised a differential operator which adjusts any cumulant to a desired value. His little known 1899 paper in Danish on the properties of the cumulants is translated into English in the Appendix.