Do Islamic Banks Employ Less Earnings Management?

In this article, we examine whether Islamic banks are less likely to manage their earnings than non‐Islamic banks and how Islamic banks’ unique corporate governance system, especially Shari'ah Supervisory Boards, impacts earnings management behaviors within Islamic banks. Using a sample of Islamic banks and their matched non‐Islamic banks in 15 countries, we find that, first, Islamic banks are less likely to conduct earnings management as measured by both earnings loss avoidance and abnormal loan loss provisions. Second, there are no significantly different earnings management behaviors between Islamic banks with and without Shari'ah Supervisory Boards. Third, several Shari'ah Supervisory Board characteristics, such as size and the presence of members from Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions, are important determinants of the earnings management of Islamic banks who have Shari'ah Supervisory Boards.     

Trade Boards and minimum wages, 1909-39

Trade Boards were first established in 1909 principally to protect workers in the sweated trades'but were vastly extended under new criteria in 1918. Although the interwar Trade Boards set wage minima which were'tough'by modern standards there has been little analysis of their effects on employment. But in one sector, agriculture, there is clear evidence that minimum wage setting cost jobs. If similar effects occurred in other sectors covered by minimum wages then this could have added significantly to the burden of unemployment during the interwar years.     

构筑企业营销力的战略营销研究

新环境下企业的竞争主要表现为营销力的竞争,而营销力的打造取决于企业的战略性思考。在瞬息万变的商业环境下,进行战略营销是企业打造其营销力,实现可持续发展的根本途径。本文提出了基于战略营销理念下的企业营销力模型,在比较分析传统营销和战略营销的基础之上,探讨了战略营销的内涵和模型。     

Efficiency of New Zealand’s District Health Boards at Providing Hospital Services: A stochastic frontier analysis

Journal of Productivity Analysis - The majority of secondary and tertiary healthcare services in New Zealand are provided through public hospitals managed by 20 local District Health Boards. Due to...     

An alternative to the weighted score card approach to measuring performance: An analysis of English and Welsh probation boards

The UK government published a weighted score card approach in 2003 to analyse the performance of Probation Boards in England and Wales. However, there has not been a thorough analysis of whether non-parametric methods could provide more advanced options for analysing performance than the standard Weighted Score Card approach – a variant of the Balanced Score Card. Our results show there is considerable divergence in the ranks of Probation Boards from that of the WSC when we include the input variable ‘resource expenditure’ within a DEA model, calling into question recent policy initiatives to increase efficiency in the national probation service.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviews in this article:
Consumer Product Development . By R oderick W hite
Marketing New Industrial Products . By M ichael J. B aker
Effective Marketing logistic . By G raham B uxton
Legal Aspects of Marketing . By J ohn L ivermore
Ofensive Marketing . By J. H. D avidson
Economics and Transport Polig . By K. W. G william and P. J. M ackie
The Management of Urban Public Transport . By P. J. H ovell , W. H. J ones and A. J. M oran     

营销渠道冲突的博弈解释

营销渠道是现代企业营销活动得以畅通实现和取得营销收入的重要条件,是企业开拓、占领市场的关键。有效的营销渠道管理是企业获得长久竞争优势的重要条件。随着渠道成员的不断扩展,营销渠道长度、广度、宽度等发生变化,渠道冲突影响着企业营销渠道设计、渠道功能、渠道绩效。本文主要从营销渠道中生产商和零售商之间的角度出发,利用博弈论观点对营销渠道的冲突进行解释。     

营销服务集约化管理初步探索与实践

为深入落实国家电网公司"三集五大"发展战略和四川省电力公司"营销五化"(管控集约化、业务专业化、作业标准化、管理精益化、手段高度信息化)建设要求,四川省电力公司营销运行监控中心和95598投诉举报服务中心于2010年2月10日正式成立。本文主要介绍营销运行监控中心和95598投诉举报服务中心运行实践经验。     

营销是卖思想

营销是卖思想,营销制胜是观念制胜.先进的营销思想来自于对消费者的深刻理解,来自于对竞争者的准确判断,来自于对经济和市场变化趋势冷静的分析,来自于先进营销理念的确立.     

企业市场营销理念辨析

营销理念是企业营销活动的指导思想,是有效实现市场营销功能的基本条件。营销观念贯穿于营销活动的全过程,并制约着企业的营销目标和原则,是实现营销目标的基本策略和手段。市场营销理念正确与否,直接关系到企业营销活动的质量及其成效。本文对现代企业的营销理念的一些基本问题进行辨析,尤其是将其与企业文化结合的研究,对企业营销实践具有指导意义。     

基于关系营销理论的国内电子邮件营销的新应用

本文通过分析引入关系营销这一理论,分析电子邮件营销(EDM)的特点以及国内外的发展概况,并通过关系营销的理论提出国内电子邮件营销的新应用,为企业进行电子邮件营销带来新的策略。     

探讨电力市场营销中“技术营销体系”的建设

"技术营销体系"建设对提升电力企业在电力市场竞争中的优势地位将起到关键作用。本论文针对如何建设电力市场"技术营销体系"进行了深入的分析,并得出了相应的理论成果。     

基于利益细分的网上消费者研究

同传统营销一样,网络营销需要市场细分。然而在众多市场细分变量中,只有利益细分最适合网上市场细分的特点。在利益细分的基础上,可将网上消费者分为六大类,便于企业有针对性地采取营销策略。     

营销创新问题研究的新视角营销游戏规则及其改变

营销创新具有独特的发生条件与评价标准,如何找到一个适当的角度对营销创新问题进行针对性的有效研究是目前营销创新理论发展的热点之一。本文对营销游戏规则及其改变这一研究营销创新问题新视角的概念、意义以及分类做了详细的论述,并初步探讨了营销游戏规则及其改变的研究内容、方向、方法。     

浅论高职高专《市场营销学》课程改革的实践探索

《市场营销学》是经济管理学科的重要专业基础课程,是高职高专院校市场营销专业的核心专业课程。该课程对于经济管理学科体系中非市场营销专业的学生而言,可以培养其适应快速变化的经济环境的能力,提高学生的专业素养及人文素养。对于市场营销专业学生而言更具有举足轻重的意义,可以帮助其理解营销的基本原理,了解学科的体系框架以备更深入的学习和探索该专业的其它课程;可以培养学生运用营销组合策略的能力,培养专业学生成为具有综合性和创造性素质的人才。本文主要就高职高专《市场营销学》教学改革的实践探索过程中的切身感受给出一些叙述,旨在进一步完善《市场营销学》课程的教学。     

企业“极限营销”的“六字真经”

极限营销是指企业在相关法律规定和社会道德容忍度的范围内获取最大化利益的营销活动或行为。它能在各方利益博弈的均衡的基础上使企业获得最大的利益。当然,企业运用极限营销策略具有一定的风险性,所以,只有正确理解其本质,把握好"六字真经"才能取得事半功倍之效果。     

Boards’ Response to Shareholders’ Dissatisfaction: The Case of Shareholders’ Say on Pay in the UK

Abstract

In 2002, the UK adopted a regulation allowing shareholders to cast non-binding (advisory) votes on their firm's Directors' Remuneration Report during annual general meetings (the ‘Say-on-Pay’ rule). This study evaluates a decade of this regulation and examines how it affected the behavior of shareholders and boards in a sample of Financial Times Stock Exchange 350 firms during the period 2002–2012. I find evidence that shareholder dissatisfaction increases with excess Chief Executive Officer (CEO) compensation. This relationship does not exist for the expected level of compensation, suggesting that shareholders take a sophisticated approach when casting their vote. Boards do not appear to respond to shareholder dissatisfaction systematically; however, they do respond selectively by reducing the excessiveness of CEO compensation when performance is poor. Boards also seem to respond swiftly to shareholder dissatisfaction. There is evidence that the probability of CEO turnover increases with shareholder dissatisfaction. Overall, the evidence suggests that ‘Say-on-Pay’ regulation addressed regulatory concerns about transparency, accountability, and performance linkage.     

关于《网络营销》课程本科教学的思考

《网络营销》课程涉及多个学科,伴随着互联网技术的发展而迅猛发展,新的网络营销方式不断涌现。目前《网络营销》本科课程存在着《网络营销》教材滞后,课程授课脱离实际等问题。针对存在问题,教师应尽量选择最新教材,搜集整理最新的案例加以补充,积极鼓励学生动手,参与网络营销实践活动,同时引导、激发学生进行创新。     

Estimating farmers’ productive and marketing inefficiency: an application to vegetable producers in Benin

This paper estimates the technical and marketing inefficiency of a sample of urban vegetable producers in Benin. Marketing inefficiency is defined as the failure of farmers to achieve better marketing output and is reflected in lower output price indices. The study proposes a Russell-type measure of inefficiency using a directional distance function that accounts simultaneously for the expansion of outputs and price indices and the contraction of variable inputs. A truncated bootstrap regression is used in the second stage to consistently analyze factors that underlie differences in inefficiency. The first-stage results suggest that vegetable producers are more inefficient with respect to marketing than production. The second-stage results indicate that technical inefficiency is affected by the production environment and private extension services. Marketing inefficiency is affected by the type of marketing arrangements.     

Relations between trainers and line managements: a behavioural science approach

Trainers themselves, line management and operatives within an organization, as well as external bodies such as Industrial Training Boards, may have differing expectations of the trainer's role and where responsibility for training should lie. It is essential to clarify these attitudes and responsibilities if training is to be carried out effectively.