初始环向拉伸强力的检验方法探讨

GB/T21238-2007《玻璃纤维增强塑料夹砂管》于2008年4月1日实施。该标准中初始环向拉伸强力的试验方法有3种。本文对3种试验方法进行了讨论。     

玻璃夹砂管快速修补

一、管材介绍及工程概况 玻璃纤维增强热固性树脂夹砂管（下面简称玻璃夹砂管）是20世纪90年代引进的一种新型管材。它采用了夹砂缠绕技术，可以在增加较少成本的条件下加大玻璃钢管的厚度，从而大大提高玻璃钢管的刚性，是目前国内正在推广使用的一种柔性复合材料管材。     

玻璃钢夹砂管输水管线施工质量控制要点

玻璃钢夹砂管是国内外推广使用的一种非金属复合材料管材,主要原料由玻璃纤维、树脂、砂等组成。管径一般为200～2600mm,单管长度一般为6m～12m。玻璃钢夹砂管具有重量轻、安装方便、内壁光滑阻力系数小、耐腐蚀、使用寿命长、维护成本低等特点。因此被广泛应用于给水、排水管线施工。下面就玻璃钢夹砂管在输水管线施工中的质量控制要点进行总结。     

读编往来

为加强与读者之间的联系,本期"读编往来"栏目又与大家见面了。如读者对我们的工作有任何意见,或是遇到相关难题,请发邮件给我们,我们会尽快回答您提出的问题。我们的邮箱是:fjzljd@163.com,新浪微博:http://weibo.com/2105811075王少华(南安):我们是玻璃纤维增强塑料夹砂管生产企业,听说该产品已纳入生产许可证管理范畴,但在《目前实施工业产品生产许可证管理的发证产品清单》中没看到,请问是否要办理生产许可证手续,以及该如何办理?     

玻璃钢夹砂管输水管线施工质量控制要点

玻璃钢夹砂管是国内外推广使用的一种非金属复合材料管材，主要原料由玻璃纤维、树脂、砂等组成。管径一般为200-2600mm，单管长度一般为6m～12m。玻璃钢夹砂管具有重量轻、安装方便、内壁光滑阻力系数小、耐腐蚀、使用寿命长、维护成本低等特点。因此被广泛应用于给水、排水管线施工。下面就玻璃钢夹砂管在输水管线施工中的质量控制要点进行总结。     

国家/行业标准的制订与宣贯(23)

国家建材局水泥胶砂强度检验方法（ISO法）标准规定了水泥胶砂强度检验基准方法的仪器、材料、胶砂组成、试验条件、操作步骤和结果计算等。其抗压强度测定结果与“ISO6791989水泥试验方法一强度测定”结果等同。同时也列入可代用的标准砂和振实台,当代用后结果有疑议时以基准方法为准。标准适用于硅酸盐水泥、普通硅酸盐水泥、矿渣硅酸盐水泥、粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥、复合硅酸盐水泥、石灰石硅酸盐水泥的抗折与抗压强度的检验。等同采用ISO679：1989。定向纤维增强塑料拉伸性能试验方法替代GB／T3354－1982。单向纤维增强塑料弯曲性能试…     

北海市铁山港区近期供水工程输水管管材比选

文章介绍夹砂玻璃钢管与不同材质管道的优缺点。工程实践表明,在长距离输水工程中应用的夹砂玻璃钢管是一种具有轻便、强度高、易施工、造价低等优点的管材。     

北海市铁山港区近期供水工程输水管管材比选

文章介绍夹砂玻璃钢管与不同材质管道的优缺点。工程实践表明,在长距离输水工程中应用的夹砂玻璃钢管是一种具有轻便、强度高、易施工、造价低等优点的管材。     

北海市铁山港区近期供水工程输水管管材比选

文章介绍夹砂玻璃钢管与不同材质管道的优缺点。工程实践表明,在长距离输水工程中应用的夹砂玻璃钢管是一种具有轻便、强度高、易施工、造价低等优点的管材。     

结合工程实例谈玻璃钢夹砂管开槽埋管施工工艺与质量控制要点

本文结合工程实例，介绍了新一代给排水输水管材玻璃钢夹砂管以其优异的耐腐蚀性能、水利特性优良、轻质高强、输送流量大、安装方便、工期短和综合投资低等优点，在海盐县污水处理工程—东西大道复线段的成功应用，阐述了玻璃钢夹砂管开槽埋管的主要施工工艺与质量控制重点，以供同类工程参考借鉴。     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Multinomial distributions applied to random sampling of particulate materials

When sampling a batch consisting of particulate material, the distribution of a sample estimator can be characterized using knowledge about the sample drawing process. With Bernoulli sampling, the number of particles in the sample is binomially distributed. Because this is rarely realized in practice, we propose a sampling design in which the possible samples have a nearly equal mass. Expected values and variances of the sample estimator are calculated. It is shown that the sample estimator becomes identical to the Horvitz–Thompson estimator in the case of a large batch-to-sample mass ratio and a large sample mass. Simulations and experiments were performed to test the theory. Simulations confirm that the round-off error due to the discrete nature of particles is negligible for large sample sizes. Sampling experiments were carried out with a mixture of PolyPropylene (PP) and PolyTetraFluorEthylene (PTFE) spheres suspended in a viscous medium. The measured and theoretical variations are in good agreement.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Performance appraisal and culture: practice and attitudes in Hong Kong and Great Britain

This article compares the practice of and attitudes towards performance appraisal for managerial and professional staff in Hong Kong and Britain, and considers the extent to which actual practice and employee preferences are in alignment. Findings suggest that appraisal may be more widespread in Hong Kong than in Britain. However, British appraisal tends to be more participative and to place greater emphasis on discussing objectives, development and career plans. Hong Kong appraisals appear to be more directive and Hong Kong respondents perceive a higher level of 'negative' appraiser behaviour. In spite of this, Hong Kong respondents show if anything slightly more confidence in the utility of appraisal than do British respondents. They show stronger support for appraisal's use for reward and punishment and less support for the objectives-setting and training and development uses than do the British sample. Hong Kong respondents are more likely than their British counterparts to favour involving a more senior manager in appraisal, and they are less likely to prefer more frequent appraisals. There was little evidence that Hong Kong respondents had a stronger preference for group-based appraisal criteria, although they did show more support than the British sample for the use of personality as a basis for appraisal. Overall, the suggestion is that appraisal has been adopted in Hong Kong organizations but that the practice of appraisal has been adapted to suit the cultural characteristics of the society.     

Narrative construction of expatriate experience and career cycle: discursive patterns in Finnish stories of international

Expatriate experience is not only a disconnected occasion for cross-cultural anxiety and adjustment but also an important event in the process of self-development and learning. Following this view and arguing for a discursive approach, the paper focuses on ways in which expatriates themselves tell and interpret their development and movement across expatriate career cycle. Meaning systems connecting expatriate job with previous and following work experiences in career stories of Finnish engineers and managers were identified using a combination of narrative and discourse analysis. No evidence was found of an autonomous expatriate discourse but, in contrast, expatriate career cycle was narrated using available organizational repertoires of development and career. Describing and discussing the meaning-making properties of three identified discourses - bureaucratic, occupational and enterprising - the paper emphasizes the organizational environment of expatriate experience while acknowledging the limits of these contemporary career vocabularies in addressing individual learning and change in cross-cultural settings.     

Internet professionals: job skills for an on-line age

The paper explores the increasing popularity of the Internet technology Singapore. It argues that the diffusion of Internet technology to South-East Asia would create new duties and responsibilities for human resource (HR) managers. One such duty is the identification of the skills which professional Internet staff would need to perform their work effectively in organizations. Using a triangulation research method, empirical study has identified the new professional Internet jobs which have emerged the IT industry in Singapore and the skills that professional Internet personnel require do their jobs effectively. Analysis of the findings indicates that professional Internet skills involve both technical and creative abilities and that, in explaining or defining professional Internet skills, it is necessary to use both the technical and the social conceptions of skill. This argument is based on the view that the creative skills include tacit skills so that a definition based solely on the technical conception of skill cannot capture the various dimensions of Internet skills. The implications of the research findings for human resource managers are raised.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

关于高校教学秘书工作的认识与思考

教学秘书在教学管理中起着举足轻重的作用,本文结合自己近6年从事教学秘书的工作实践和体会,阐述了高校教学秘书的工作职能和工作内容,提出了教学秘书应具备的素质,分析了日前教学秘书工作中存在的问题,探讨了教学秘书工作改进的方法与途径。     

Sister Communities: Rejecting Labels of Informality and Peripherality in Vanuatu

Some labels have dire consequences. This article takes issue with the labels commonly used to describe the physical and social location of communities living on the edge of Port Vila, Vanuatu—labels that position communities for eviction by entrenching tropes of informality and peripherality into how they are seen and represented. Such terms include informal, settlement, informal settlement, squatter and peri-urban. Based on interviews with around 100 people and two years of ethnographic engagement with urban communities in Port Vila, Vanuatu, I critique the language of policy against the lived experience of those at the urban edge. I use Bourdieu's articulation of power as an accumulation of symbolic capital that enables one to speak the world into being. I conclude that the language of policies and plans is reflective of a dominant discourse in urban studies and international aid, and non-reflective of the experience and identities of people living at the urban edge. My interviewees and interlocutors maintain their identities as sister communities—as places grounded in the formality of customary tenure, and as part of the city rather than outside it.